Relationship Between Integrated EMG and Tension in Opening of the Mandible

1978 ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Ahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Emg

The relationship between integrated EMG and oxygen uptake during treadmill and bicycle exercise

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fukunaga ◽  
K. Yuasa ◽  
M. Kobayashi ◽  
T. Miyagawa ◽  
H. Fujimatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Bicycle Exercise ◽  
Integrated Emg ◽  
The Relationship

Influence of Velocity on Agonist and Antagonist Activation in Concentric Dorsiflexion Muscle Actions

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Behm ◽  
Digby G. Sale
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Lateral Gastrocnemius ◽  
Velocity Relation ◽  
Relative Activation ◽  
Agonist And Antagonist ◽  
Integrated Emg ◽  
Body Mass Ratio ◽  
Activation Ratio ◽  
Muscle Actions

Five women and 5 men performed maximal isometric and concentric dorsiflexion actions on an isokinetic dynamometer. The concentric actions were done at 10 preset velocities ranging from 0.26 to 5.23 rad∙s−1. Electromyographic (EMG) recordings were made from one agonist (tibialis anterior [TA]) and two antagonists (saleus [S], lateral gastrocnemius [LG]). The men produced greater absolute torque than the women, but there was no gender difference in the torque/body mass ratio. The shape of the torque-velocity relation was similar in men and women and approximated, but did not match, that obtained in animal preparations or in human studies using electrical stimulation. Agonist TA activation (integrated EMG/movement time) decreased with increasing velocity over the same range of velocities as torque. Antagonist S, but not LG, activation also decreased. The S/TA activation ratio was greater in men than women. In men the S/TA ratio tended to be greater than the LG/TA ratio, whereas the converse was true for women. These data indicate that velocity influences the relative activation of two antagonists in maximal dorsiflexion muscle actions, and that there is an apparent gender difference in the relative activation of two antagonists. Key words: torque-velocity relation, coactivation, electromyography

scholarly journals Antagonist Muscle Co-Activation during Kettlebell Single Arm Swing Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4033
Author(s):  
Ahmed Salem ◽  
Amr Hassan ◽  
Markus Tilp ◽  
Abdel-Rahman Akl
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Antagonist Muscle ◽  
Arm Swing ◽  
Shoulder Muscles ◽  
Antagonist Muscles ◽  
Co Activation ◽  
Integrated Emg ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Electrical Muscle

The purpose of this study was to determine the muscle activation and co-activation of selected muscles during the kettlebell single arm swing exercise. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the muscle co-activation of a kettlebell single arm swing exercise. Nine volunteers participated in the present study (age: 22.6 ± 3.8 years; body mass: 80.4 ± 9.2 kg; height: 175.6 ± 7.5 cm). The electrical muscle activity of eight right agonist/antagonist muscles (AD/PD, ESL/RA, ESI/EO, and GM/RF) were recorded using a surface EMG system (Myon m320RX; Myon, Switzerland) and processed using the integrated EMG to calculate a co-activation index (CoI) for the ascending and descending phases. A significant effect of the ascending and descending phases on the muscles’ CoI was observed. Post hoc analyses showed that the co-activation was significantly higher in the descending phase compared to that in the ascending phase of AD/PD CoI (34.25 ± 18.03% and 24.75 ± 13.03%, p < 0.001), ESL/RA CoI (34.97 ± 17.86% and 24.19 ± 10.32%, p < 0.001), ESI/EO CoI (41.14 ± 10.72% and 30.87 ± 11.26%, p < 0.001), and GM/RF CoI (27.49 ± 12.97% and 34.98 ± 14.97%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the co-activation of the shoulder muscles varies within the kettlebell single arm swing. The highest level of co-activation was observed in the descending phase of AD/PD and GM/RF CoI, and the lowest level of co-activation was observed during the descending phase, ESL/RA and ESI/EO CoI. In addition, the highest level of co-activation was observed in the ascending phase of ESL/RA and ESI/EO CoI, and the lowest level of co-activation was observed during the ascending phase, AD/PD and GM/RF CoI. The co-activation index could be a useful method for the interpretation of the shoulder and core muscles’ co-activity during a kettlebell single arm swing.

scholarly journals EMG-driven exergaming in wheelchairs on a mobile platform: Bench and pilot testing of the WOW-Mobile fitness system (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Enciso ◽  
Dhruval Variya ◽  
James Sunthonlap ◽  
Terrence Sarmiento ◽  
Kamun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Mobile System ◽  
Mobile Phone Application ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
Integrated Emg

BACKGROUND Individuals who use wheelchairs face many barriers to regular exercise. Implementing exercises in the form of video games, otherwise known as exergaming, has gained recent attention as a way to increase physical activity and combat health issues resulting from sedentary lifestyles. However, these exergaming apps have not been developed for exercises that can be performed in wheelchairs, and they tend to rely on whole body movements. OBJECTIVE Our objectives were to: 1) develop a mobile phone application that implements EMG-driven exergaming; 2) test the feasibility of using this app to enable people in wheelchairs to perform exergames, used in circuit resistance training, independently and flexibly in their own home; and 3) assess perceived usefulness and useability of this mHealth system. METHODS We have developed a mobile phone application (WOW-Mobile) which senses upper limb muscle activity (EMG) from wireless body-worn sensors to drive 3 different video games which implement upper limb exercises that were designed for people in wheelchairs. The app was developed in Java on an Android platform with the EMG acquired by Flexdots (Dynofit, Inc.), Bluetooth-enabled sensors. EMG drove the game engines and was recorded during all exergaming sessions on our cloud server, in order to enable long-term monitoring and feedback as well as multiplayer gaming. Benchtesting of data transmission and power consumption were tested with Android Studio’s Profiler. Pilot testing was conducted on four individuals with spinal cord injury. Each had a WOW-Mobile system in their home for 8 weeks. By analyzing the session data acquired in real-time and stored on our cloud server, we measured minutes the app was used; minutes exergames were played; and integrated EMG as a measure of energy expended. We also conducted a perceived usefulness and useability questionnaire. RESULTS Benchtest results reveal that the app meets performance specifications to enable real-time gaming, cloud storage of data, and live cloud server transmission for multiplayer gaming. The EMG sampling rate of 64 samples/s, in combination with zero-loss data communication with the cloud server within a 10m range, provided seamless control over the app exergames and allowed for offline data analysis. The WOW-mobile system was pilot tested by four individuals with spinal cord injury. Each participant successfully utilized the WOW-mobile system at home for 8 weeks. They utilized the app for an average of 146 (89-267) minutes per week with the system, actively exergaming for an average of 53% of that time (39-59%). Energy expenditure, as measured by integrated EMG (iEMG) was found to be directly proportional to time spent on the app (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = 0.57-0.86, depending on the game). Two out of the four participants did not exercise regularly before the study; these two participants increased from reportedly exercising close to 0 minutes per week to exergaming 58 and 158 minutes on average, respectively, using the WOW-Mobile fitness system. The perceived usefulness of WOW-mobile in motivating participants to exercise averaged 4.5 on a 5-point Likert-scale, and averaged 5 for the 3 participants with thoracic-level injuries. The average overall ease of use score was 4.25 out of 5. CONCLUSIONS Mobile app exergames driven by EMG has promising potential for encouraging and facilitating fitness for individuals in wheelchairs who have maintained arm and hand mobility. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals Relation of Accelerometer and EMG Recordings for the Measurement of Upper Extremity Movement

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Keil ◽  
Thomas Elbert ◽  
Edward Taub
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Real World ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Activities Of Daily Life ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
Integrated Emg ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Upper Extremity Movement

Abstract In order to determine the value of accelerometry as a measure of real world outcome when a subject is outside the laboratory, accelerometer recordings from the wrist were compared with simultaneous electromyogram (EMG) recordings from the lower and upper arm. Accelerometer and EMG signals were recorded simultaneously by the “Kölner Vitaport System,” an ambulatory device. Six male subjects performed standardized tasks as well as activities of daily life (ADL). Low correlations between accelerometer counts and integrated EMG were found in the standardized tasks, whereas there were considerably higher correlations for ADL. However, there was a strong relation between several parameters derived from EMG and accelerometer recordings. The two techniques appear to measure different aspects of movement and may be complementary.

The EMG-force relationship of the cat soleus muscle and its association with contractile conditions during locomotion.

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 975-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
A C Guimaraes ◽  
W Herzog ◽  
T L Allinger ◽  
Y T Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Adaptive Filtering ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Force Transducer ◽  
Shortening Velocity ◽  
Integrated Emg ◽  
Filtering Approach

The relationship between force and electromyographic (EMG) signals of the cat soleus muscle was obtained for three animals during locomotion at five different speeds (154 steps), using implanted EMG electrodes and a force transducer. Experimentally obtained force-IEMG (= integrated EMG) relationships were compared with theoretically predicted instantaneous activation levels calculated by dividing the measured force by the predicted maximal force that the muscle could possibly generate as a function of its instantaneous contractile conditions. In addition, muscular forces were estimated from the corresponding EMG records exclusively using an adaptive filtering approach. Mean force-IEMG relationships were highly non-linear but similar in shape for different cats and different speeds of locomotion. The theoretically predicted activation-time plots typically showed two peaks, as did the IEMG-time plots. The first IEMG peak tended to be higher than the second one and it appeared to be associated with the initial priming of the muscle for force production at paw contact and the peak force observed early during the stance phase. The second IEMG peak appeared to be a burst of high muscle activation, which might have compensated for the levels of muscle length and shortening velocity that were suboptimal during the latter part of the stance phase. Although it was difficult to explain the soleus forces on the basis of the theoretically predicted instantaneous activation levels, it was straightforward to approximate these forces accurately from EMG data using an adaptive filtering approach.

Relationship Between Speed of Performing Leg Extension With 30 RM Load and the Selected EMG Variables of Selected Quadricep Muscles

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Dhananjoy Shaw ◽  
Deepak Singh ◽  
Umesh Kumar Ahlawat ◽  
Manvinder Kaur ◽  
Dinesh Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Integrated Emg ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
New Criteria

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of speed of leg extension exercise with 30 RM load on the EMG activity of Vastus Medialis (VM) and Vastus Lateralis (VL). Seventeen healthy male subjects performed 30 repetition of leg extension exercise with 30 RM load in minimum time possible and EMG activity from VM and VL of right lower extremity was recorded simultaneously. Two new criteria, namely gross load speed of movement (GLSM) and relative load speed of movement (RLSM) were developed as the variables of speed of exercise. Selected variables of EMG activity were median frequency (MDF), mean frequency (MNF), root mean square (RMS), and integrated EMG (IEMG). Product moment and rank order correlation were calculated between the selected variables of EMG activity and selected variables of speed of exercise. The selected EMG variables, namely MDF and MNF, reported a negative significant relationship (p<0.05) with selected variables of speed of exercise whereas a selected EMG variables, namely RMS reported a positive significant relationship (p<0.05) with selected with the selected variables of speed of exercise.

β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyrate supplementation to adult Thoroughbred geldings increases type IIA fiber content in the gluteus medius

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas I Busse ◽  
Madison L Gonzalez ◽  
Mackenzie L Krason ◽  
Sally E Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽  
Type I ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Integrated Emg ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Surface Electromyograms

Abstract Consumption of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) alters muscle composition and metabolism leading to strength and agility improvements in human athletes. To determine if HMB affects athletic performance and muscle function in horses, Thoroughbred geldings were fed a control (CON; n = 5) or HMB (n = 6) supplement for 6 wk prior to completing a standardized exercise test (SET). Gluteus medius (GM) muscle biopsies were obtained before the SET for fiber typing. Heart rate, biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) surface electromyograms (EMG), and fore and hind limbs metacarpophalangeal joint angles were captured at the gallop of the SET. Results demonstrate that HMB supplementation increased (P &lt; 0.05) the percentage of type IIA and IIA/X muscle fibers in the GM with a corresponding decrease (P &lt; 0.05) in type IIX fibers. The percentage of type I fibers was unaffected by diet. Supplementation with HMB did not result in any measurable effects on performance or biomechanical properties by comparison to CON. Supplementation with HMB resulted in an increase (P &lt; 0.05) in ST median frequency at speeds of 10 m/s and greater. Increasing treadmill speed resulted in an increase (P &lt; 0.05) in stride length and the maximal proximal forelimb fetlock angle, and a decrease (P &lt; 0.05) in stance phase time of the gait cycle. Integrated EMG (iEMG) increased (P &lt; 0.05) with increasing treadmill speeds for both the BF and ST with the BF exhibiting greater (P &lt; 0.05) iEMG values than the ST. In summary, HMB increased the percentage of type IIA GM fibers, which did not translate into improved performance.

The Relationship between Integrated EMG and Oxygen Uptake during Treadmill and Bicycle Exercise

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 548-551
Author(s):  
T. Fukunaga ◽  
K. Yuasa ◽  
M. Kobayashi ◽  
T. Miyagawa ◽  
H. Fujimatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Bicycle Exercise ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Integrated Emg ◽  
Muscle Groups

The aim of this study is to measure the integrated EMG in relation to the oxygen uptake during submaximal treadmill and bicycle exercises. Seven healthy adult subjects performed five minute exercise at three different submaximal work intensities on the same day. The EMG activity in right thigh and leg muscles was measured from m. rectus femoris, m. biceps femoris, m. tibialis anterior and m. gastrocnemius by means of four pairs of surface electrodes sealed with collodion to the skin at a distance of 3 cm apart over the belly of muscles. The EMG activity was not likely modified by the possible fatigue during 5 minutes submaximal exercise in this experiment. In the treadmill walking, there was a rectilinear relationship between integrated EMG activity from four muscle groups and percent of VO2max. On the bicycle exercise the correlation coefficient between them was generally lower than that on the treadmill walking. The product of integrated EMG and volume of the same muscle groups was considerably linearly related to oxygen uptake during treadmill and bicycle exercise (the correlation coefficient was 0.945, p < 0.001 in treadmill and 0.710, p < 0.001 in bicycle).

Alternate muscle activity observed between knee extensor synergists during low-level sustained contractions

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoki Kouzaki ◽  
Minoru Shinohara ◽  
Kei Masani ◽  
Hiroaki Kanehisa ◽  
Tetsuo Fukunaga
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Integrated Emg

To determine quantitatively the features of alternate muscle activity between knee extensor synergists during low-level prolonged contraction, a surface electromyogram (EMG) was recorded from the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), and vastus medialis (VM) in 11 subjects during isometric knee extension exercise at 2.5% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for 60 min ( experiment 1). Furthermore, to examine the relation between alternate muscle activity and contraction levels, six of the subjects also performed sustained knee extension at 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0% of MVC ( experiment 2). Alternate muscle activity among the three muscles was assessed by quantitative analysis on the basis of the rate of integrated EMG sequences. In experiment 1, the number of alternations was significantly higher between RF and either VL or VM than between VL and VM. Moreover, the frequency of alternate muscle activity increased with time. In experiment 2, alternating muscle activity was found during contractions at 2.5 and 5.0% of MVC, although not at 7.5 and 10.0% of MVC, and the number of alternations was higher at 2.5 than at 5.0% of MVC. Thus the findings of the present study demonstrated that alternate muscle activity in the quadriceps muscle 1) appears only between biarticular RF muscle and monoarticular vasti muscles (VL and VM), and its frequency of alternations progressively increases with time, and 2) emerges under sustained contraction with force production levels ≤5.0% of MVC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document