Advanced drug delivery systems in prostate cancer

The field of nanomedicine has emerged as an approach to enhance the specificity and efficacy of cancer treatments as stand-alone therapies and in combination with standard chemotherapeutic treatment regimens. The current standard of care for metastatic cancer, doxorubicin (DOX), is presented with challenges, namely toxicity due to a lack of specificity and targeted delivery. Nano-enabled targeted drug delivery systems can provide an avenue to overcome these issues. Nanodiamonds (ND), in particular, have been researched over the past five years for use in various drug delivery systems but minimal work has been done that incorporates targeting capability. In this study, a novel targeted drug delivery system for bone metastatic prostate cancer was developed, characterized, and evaluated in vitro. NDs were conjugated with the Asp–Gly–Glu–Ala (DGEA) peptide to target α2β1 integrins over-expressed in prostate cancers during metastasis. To facilitate drug delivery, DOX was adsorbed to the surface of the ND-DGEA conjugates. Successful preparation of the ND-DGEA conjugates and the ND-DGEA+DOX system was confirmed with transmission electron microscopy, hydrodynamic size, and zeta potential measurements. Since traditional DOX treatment regimens lack specificity and increased toxicity to normal tissues, the ND-DGEA conjugates were designed to distinguish between cells that overexpress α2β1 integrin, bone metastatic prostate cancers cells (PC3), and cells that do not, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Utilizing the ND-DGEA+DOX system, the efficacy of 1 µg/mL and 2 µg/mL DOX doses increased from 2.5% to 12% cell death and 11% to 34% cell death, respectively. These studies confirmed that the delivery and efficacy of DOX were enhanced by ND-DGEA conjugates. Thus, the targeted ND-DGEA+DOX system provides a novel approach for decreasing toxicity and drug doses.

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Nanoemulsion Applications

10.4018/978-1-7998-8378-4.ch012 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 259-276

Author(s):

Ayodeji Ojo Oteyola ◽

Raffaele Pilla ◽

Folasade Adesola Ola-Oladimeji ◽

Omotayo Fagbuaro

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Drug Delivery ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Global Challenge ◽

Global Issue ◽

Low Solubility

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a global issue with increasing rise in morbidity and mortality. PCa treatment has been a global challenge for many years because drugs designed to combat this disease might show low efficacy as a result of low solubility. Limitations of chemo-drugs for treating PCa give birth to the use of nanomedicine which helps to improve drug delivery systems. Nanoemulsions are particles that are pharmaceutically formulated and comprised within the range of a nanometer (10-200nm). Nanoemulsions are thermodynamically stable and made up of safe gradient agents. This chapter elucidates the physiological, biological, and molecular barriers affecting drug delivery in PCa. The authors discussed the importance of nanoemulsions as potential drug delivery mechanisms in PCa therapy. This chapter focuses on reviewing different ways by which nanoemulsion can bring solution to water-solubility problems and also target specific cancer cells. Limitations of nanoemulsions in the drug delivery field were also highlighted.

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Drug Release Studies of SC-514 PLGA Nanoparticles

Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology ◽

10.33805/2638-8235.118 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Famuyiwa Toluleke Oloruntobi ◽

Bowers Zoey ◽

Bentley Austin ◽

Caraballo Davian ◽

Subtil Paulynice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Drug Release ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Plga Nanoparticles ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

New Methods ◽

Coated Nanoparticles

A major problem associated with prostate cancer treatment is the development of drug resistance. The development of drug resistance often leads to prostate cancer metastasis and prostate cancer-targeted drug delivery systems can be utilized to address this problem. Traditional drug delivery systems have many challenges, including the inability to control the drug release rate, target site inaccuracy, susceptibility to the microenvironment, poor drug solubility, and cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutics to non-malignant cells. As a result, there is an urgent need to formulate and functionalize a drug delivery system that better controls drug release. This study was designed to quantify the release of SC-514 from SC-514 Polylactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) nanoparticles and conjugate SC-514-PLGA coated nanoparticles with the NF- κβ antibody, as well as fats. This study further explored new methods to quantify the release of SC-514 drug from the SC-514-PLGA coated nanoparticles after utilizing Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) as the standard method to quantify SC-514 drug released. After quantification was completed, cell viability studies indicated that the ligand conjugated nanoparticles demonstrated a considerable ability to reduce tumor growth and SC-514 drug toxicity in the PC-3 cell line. The prepared drug delivery systems also possessed a significantly lower toxicity (P<0.05), bettered controlled-release behaviors in prostate cancer, and increased the solubility of SC-514 in comparison to free SC-514. SC-514 released from SC-514-PLGA, SC-514-PLGA-NF- κβAb, and SC-514-PLGA-Fat nanoparticles, significantly inhibited tumor growth when compared to that of free SC-514. The anti-cancer therapeutic effects of SC-514 were improved through the encapsulation of SC-514 with a PLGA polymer. The functionalized SC-514-PLGA nanoparticles can further control burst release. The new methods utilized in this study for quantifying drug release, may prove to be as effective as the current standard methods, such as LC/MS.

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{BLR 2680} AdjuVax - Angioplasty - Avi Biopharma - Colorectal Cancer - Drug Delivery Systems - Enbrel - Genemedicine - Immunex - Immunotherapy Corp. - Jenner Biotherapies - OncoVax - Prostate Cancer - Rheumatoid Arthritis - TNF - Vaccines

Biotechnology Law Report ◽

10.1089/blr.1998.17.366 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 366-367

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Cancer Drug ◽

Cancer Drug Delivery

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Techniques For The Preparation of Tissue Samples Containing Injectable Polymer Microcapsules

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100120242 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 710-711

Author(s):

G.E. Visscher ◽

R. L. Robison ◽

G. J. Argentieri

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽

Degradation Process ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Tissue Reaction ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Injectable Polymer ◽

Microscopic Techniques

The use of various bioerodable polymers as drug delivery systems has gained considerable interest in recent years. Among some of the shapes used as delivery systems are films, rods and microcapsules. The work presented here will deal with the techniques we have utilized for the analysis of the tissue reaction to and actual biodegradation of injectable microcapsules. This work has utilized light microscopic (LM), transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopic techniques. The design of our studies has utilized methodology that would; 1. best characterize the actual degradation process without artifacts introduced by fixation procedures and 2. allow for reproducible results.In our studies, the gastrocnemius muscle of the rat was chosen as the injection site. Prior to the injection of microcapsules the skin above the sites was shaved and tattooed for later recognition and recovery. 1.0 cc syringes were loaded with the desired quantity of microcapsules and the vehicle (0.5% hydroxypropylmethycellulose) drawn up. The syringes were agitated to suspend the microcapsules in the injection vehicle.

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