scholarly journals Angular Impact Mitigation system for bicycle helmets to reduce head acceleration and risk of traumatic brain injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Hansen ◽  
Nathan Dau ◽  
Florian Feist ◽  
Caroline Deck ◽  
Rémy Willinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Acceleration ◽  
Impact Mitigation ◽  
Bicycle Helmets

Pediatric Head Injuries and Deaths From Bicycling in the United States

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 868-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Sosin ◽  
Jeffrey J. Sacks ◽  
Kevin W. Webb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Injury Surveillance System ◽  
Bicycle Helmets

Objective. To estimate the potential benefit of increasing bicycle helmet use among children and adolescents in the United States. Design. All bicycle-related deaths (Multiple Cause-of-Death Public Use Data Tapes, 1989 through 1992) and bicycle-related injuries treated in sampled emergency departments (National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, 1989 through 1993) were used to calculate traumatic brain injury-associated death and head injury rates per 1 000 000 US residents. Preventable injuries and deaths were estimated by calculating the populationattributable risk of head injury due to nonuse of bicycle helmets. Patients. US residents aged 0 through 19 years who were injured or who died as a result of a bicycle crash. Results. An average of 247 traumatic brain injury deaths and 140 000 head injuries among children and adolescents younger than 20 years were related to bicycle crashes each year in the United States. As many as 184 deaths and 116 000 head injuries might have been prevented annually if these riders had worn helmets. An additional 19 000 mouth and chin injuries were treated each year. The youngest age groups had the highest proportions of both head and mouth injuries. Conclusion. There continues to be a need to advocate for greater use of bicycle helmets, particularly among young children. Helmet design changes should be considered to prevent mouth injuries.

scholarly journals Bicycle Helmets and Bicycle-Related Traumatic Brain Injury in the Netherlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
Crispijn L. van den Brand ◽  
Lennard B. Karger ◽  
Susanne T.M. Nijman ◽  
Huib Valkenberg ◽  
Korné Jellema
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Bicycle Helmets

Linear and Angular Head Acceleration Measurements in Collegiate Football

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Rowson ◽  
Gunnar Brolinson ◽  
Mike Goforth ◽  
Dave Dietter ◽  
Stefan Duma
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Head Acceleration ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Measurement Devices ◽  
Collegiate Football

Each year, between 1.6×106 and 3.8×106 concussions are sustained by athletes playing sports, with football having the highest incidence. The high number of concussions in football provides a unique opportunity to collect biomechanical data to characterize mild traumatic brain injury. Human head acceleration data for a range of impact severities were collected by instrumenting the helmets of collegiate football players with accelerometers. The helmets of ten Virginia Tech football players were instrumented with measurement devices for every game and practice for the 2007 football season. The measurement devices recorded linear and angular accelerations about each of the three axes of the head. Data for each impact were downloaded wirelessly to a sideline data collection system shortly after each impact occurred. Data were collected for 1712 impacts, creating a large and unbiased data set. While a majority of the impacts were of relatively low severity (<30 g and <2000 rad/s2), 172 impacts were greater than 40 g and 143 impacts were greater than 3000 rad/s2. No instrumented player sustained a clinically diagnosed concussion during the 2007 season. A large and unbiased data set was compiled by instrumenting the helmets of collegiate football players. Football provides a unique opportunity to collect head acceleration data of varying severity from human volunteers. The addition of concurrent concussive data may advance the understanding of the mechanics of mild traumatic brain injury. With an increased understanding of the biomechanics of head impacts in collegiate football and human tolerance to head acceleration, better equipment can be designed to prevent head injuries.

Bicycle helmets are highly protective against traumatic brain injury within a dense urban setting

Injury ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2483-2490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Sethi ◽  
Jessica Heidenberg ◽  
Stephen P. Wall ◽  
Patricia Ayoung-Chee ◽  
Dekeya Slaughter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Bicycle Helmets ◽  
Dense Urban Setting

scholarly journals Expression of S100A6 in Rat Hippocampus after Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Lateral Head Acceleration

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 6378-6390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Fang ◽  
Ming Liang ◽  
Guitao Yang ◽  
Yuqin Ye ◽  
Hongyu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Head Acceleration ◽  
Lateral Head

Cognitive control constrains memory attributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Kelley ◽  
Larry L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control

Abstract Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.

Lessons Learned From Coaching Postsecondary Students With Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Mary R. T. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Exhaustive List

Purpose The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide speech-language pathologists with a brief update of the evidence that provides possible explanations for our experiences while coaching college students with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method The narrative text provides readers with lessons we learned as speech-language pathologists functioning as cognitive coaches to college students with TBI. This is not meant to be an exhaustive list, but rather to consider the recent scientific evidence that will help our understanding of how best to coach these college students. Conclusion Four lessons are described. Lesson 1 focuses on the value of self-reported responses to surveys, questionnaires, and interviews. Lesson 2 addresses the use of immediate/proximal goals as leverage for students to update their sense of self and how their abilities and disabilities may alter their more distal goals. Lesson 3 reminds us that teamwork is necessary to address the complex issues facing these students, which include their developmental stage, the sudden onset of trauma to the brain, and having to navigate going to college with a TBI. Lesson 4 focuses on the need for college students with TBI to learn how to self-advocate with instructors, family, and peers.

The Speech-Language Pathologists' Role in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Middle and High School–Age Children: Viewpoints on Guidelines From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Brown ◽  
Katy O'Brien ◽  
Kelly Knollman-Porter ◽  
Tracey Wallace
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Purpose The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently released guidelines for rehabilitation professionals regarding the care of children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Given that mTBI impacts millions of children each year and can be particularly detrimental to children in middle and high school age groups, access to universal recommendations for management of postinjury symptoms is ideal. Method This viewpoint article examines the CDC guidelines and applies these recommendations directly to speech-language pathology practices. In particular, education, assessment, treatment, team management, and ongoing monitoring are discussed. In addition, suggested timelines regarding implementation of services by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are provided. Specific focus is placed on adolescents (i.e., middle and high school–age children). Results SLPs are critical members of the rehabilitation team working with children with mTBI and should be involved in education, symptom monitoring, and assessment early in the recovery process. SLPs can also provide unique insight into the cognitive and linguistic challenges of these students and can serve to bridge the gap among rehabilitation and school-based professionals, the adolescent with brain injury, and their parents. Conclusion The guidelines provided by the CDC, along with evidence from the field of speech pathology, can guide SLPs to advocate for involvement in the care of adolescents with mTBI. More research is needed to enhance the evidence base for direct assessment and treatment with this population; however, SLPs can use their extensive knowledge and experience working with individuals with traumatic brain injury as a starting point for post-mTBI care.

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