Changes in the epidemiological profile of intestinal parasites after a school-based large-scale treatment for soil-transmitted helminths in a community in northeastern Brazil

Abstract Background Extensive parasitic diseases epidemiology in Zhejiang province has not been carried out since the second national survey in 2004. Therefore, dynamics in prevalence and infection pattern of the major intestinal parasites should be explored. Methods The distribution of three parasites including soil-transmitted helminths (STH), intestinal protozoa and C. sinensis in Zhejiang from 2014 to 2015 were explored. Kato-Katz technique was used for STH and C. sinensis detection, whereas transparent adhesive paper anal swab was used for pinworm detection, and iodine smear was used for protozoa detection. A questionnaire survey on alimentary habits and sanitary behaviors was conducted in half of the studied counties. Results This study recruited 23,552 participants: 19,935 from rural and 3617 from urban area. Overall prevalence of intestinal helminth infections was 1.80%. In this study, seven helminth species were identified including A. duodenale, N. americanus, Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, C. sinensis, Fasciolopsis buski and pinworm. The average prevalence of STH infection was 1.71%: 1.94% in rural and 0.44% in urban area. Hookworm was the most prevalent infection at 1.58%: 1.79% in rural and 0.44% in urban area. Prevalence varied considerably in the studied counties. Prevalence was highest in Yongkang county at 10.25%. Only 2.79% of children from rural area were infected with pinworm. A proportion of 0.40% of rural participants were infected with protozoa, whereas Endolimax nana was the most prevalent at 0.23%. C. sinensis showed infection only in one man. Awareness on C. sinensis was 24.47% in rural and 45.96% in urban area, respectively. Conclusions Prevalence of STH and protozoa infections declined considerably whereas C. sinensis infections remained few in Zhejiang province compared with the prevalence reported in previous large scale surveys (19.56% for national STH infection in 2004, 18.66% and 4.57% for provincial STH and protozoa infection, respectively in 1999). The findings of this study showed that hookworm, mainly N. americanus remained a parasitic threat to population health, mainly in the central and western Zhejiang. Therefore, more health education regarding fertilization and farming habits is necessary in rural areas. The awareness concerning hookworm infection should be reinforced.

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Building a Culture of Ethical, Comparable, Authentic Assessment

The Oxford Handbook of Philosophical and Qualitative Assessment in Music Education ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190265182.013.35 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 463-481

Author(s):

Andrew Reid ◽

Julie Ballantyne

Keyword(s):

Teaching And Learning ◽

Large Scale ◽

Authentic Assessment ◽

Subject Area ◽

Music Educators ◽

System Level ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Effective Learning ◽

School Based ◽

The Subject

In an ideal world, assessment should be synonymous with effective learning and reflect the intricacies of the subject area. It should also be aligned with the ideals of education: to provide equitable opportunities for all students to achieve and to allow both appropriate differentiation for varied contexts and students and comparability across various contexts and students. This challenge is made more difficult in circumstances in which the contexts are highly heterogeneous, for example in the state of Queensland, Australia. Assessment in music challenges schooling systems in unique ways because teaching and learning in music are often naturally differentiated and diverse, yet assessment often calls for standardization. While each student and teacher has individual, evolving musical pathways in life, the syllabus and the system require consistency and uniformity. The challenge, then, is to provide diverse, equitable, and quality opportunities for all children to learn and achieve to the best of their abilities. This chapter discusses the designing and implementation of large-scale curriculum as experienced in secondary schools in Queensland, Australia. The experiences detailed explore the possibilities offered through externally moderated school-based assessment. Also discussed is the centrality of system-level clarity of purpose, principles and processes, and the provision of supportive networks and mechanisms to foster autonomy for a diverse range of music educators and contexts. Implications for education systems that desire diversity, equity, and quality are discussed, and the conclusion provokes further conceptualization and action on behalf of students, teachers, and the subject area of music.

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Identifying pathways for large-scale implementation of a school-based mental health programme in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a theory-driven approach

Health Policy and Planning ◽

10.1093/heapol/czaa124 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. ii112-ii123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olakunle Alonge ◽

Anna Chiumento ◽

Hesham M Hamoda ◽

Eman Gaber ◽

Zill-e- Huma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Large Scale ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Theory Of Change ◽

Programme Implementation ◽

School Based ◽

Mental Health Programme ◽

Health Programme

Abstract Globally there is a substantial burden of mental health problems among children and adolescents. Task-shifting/task-sharing mental health services to non-specialists, e.g. teachers in school settings, provide a unique opportunity for the implementation of mental health interventions at scale in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). There is scant information to guide the large-scale implementation of school-based mental health programme in LMICs. This article describes pathways for large-scale implementation of a School Mental Health Program (SMHP) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). A collaborative learning group (CLG) comprising stakeholders involved in implementing the SMHP including policymakers, programme managers and researchers from EMR countries was established. Participants in the CLG applied the theory of change (ToC) methodology to identify sets of preconditions, assumptions and hypothesized pathways for improving the mental health outcomes of school-aged children in public schools through implementation of the SMHP. The proposed pathways were then validated through multiple regional and national ToC workshops held between January 2017 and September 2019, as the SMHP was being rolled out in three EMR countries: Egypt, Pakistan and Iran. Preconditions, strategies and programmatic/contextual adaptations that apply across these three countries were drawn from qualitative narrative summaries of programme implementation processes and facilitated discussions during biannual CLG meetings. The ToC for large-scale implementation of the SMHP in the EMR suggests that identifying national champions, formulating dedicated cross-sectoral (including the health and education sector) implementation teams, sustained policy advocacy and stakeholders engagement across multiple levels, and effective co-ordination among education and health systems especially at the local level are among the critical factors for large-scale programme implementation. The pathways described in this paper are useful for facilitating effective implementation of the SMHP at scale and provide a theory-based framework for evaluating the SMHP and similar programmes in the EMR and other LMICs.

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Drama and Environment: Joining Forces to Engage Children and Young People in Environmental Education

Australian Journal of Environmental Education ◽

10.1017/aee.2014.5 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 182-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

David J. Curtis ◽

Mark Howden ◽

Fran Curtis ◽

Ian McColm ◽

Juliet Scrine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Education ◽

Case Studies ◽

Large Scale ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

Contemporary Society ◽

Children And Young People ◽

School Based ◽

Qualitative Evidence ◽

Theatre Company ◽

Theatre In Education

AbstractEngaging and exciting students about the environment remains a challenge in contemporary society, even while objective measures show the rapid state of the world's environment declining. To illuminate the integration of drama and environmental education as a means of engaging students in environmental issues, the work of performance companies Evergreen Theatre, Leapfish and Eaton Gorge Theatre Company, the ecological oratorio Plague and the Moonflower, and a school-based trial of play-building were examined through survey data and participant observations. These case studies employed drama in different ways — theatre-in-education, play-building, and large-scale performance event. The four case studies provide quantitative and qualitative evidence for drama-based activities leading to an improvement in knowledge about the environment and understandings about the consequences of one's actions. In observing and participating in these case studies, we reflect that drama is a means of synthesising and presenting scientific research in ways that are creative and multi-layered, and which excite students, helping maintain their attention and facilitating their engagement.

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GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN PENYAKIT CACINGAN (HELMINTHIASIS) PADA WALI MURID SDN 1, 2, 3, DAN 4 MULYOAGUNG, KECAMATAN DAU, KABUPATEN MALANG, JAWA TIMUR

Preventia : The Indonesian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.17977/um044v2i2p76-84 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Dhia Irfan Hanif ◽

Moch Yunus ◽

Rara Warih Gayatri

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Data Retrieval ◽

Average Score ◽

Ministry Of Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Intestinal Worms ◽

Teacher Data ◽

Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Abstract: WHO (2016) said the helminthiasis is an infection of the intestinal parasites of the Nematodes are transmitted through the ground, Soil Transmitted Helminths or (STH). WHO (2016) reported more than 2 billion people are infected with helminthiasis. According to Indonesia Ministry of Health (2004), the prevalence of helminthiasis in children of the primary school in 2003 amounting to 33% increasing and in 2004 became 46,8%. Indonesia Ministry of Health (2005) presents results of survey of helminthiais in elementary school showed the prevalence of approximately 60%-80%. The purpose of this research is to know the description of the knowledge of the helminthiasis on caregivers SDN 1, 2, 3, and 4 Mulyoagung, Dau, Malang, East Java. This research uses descriptive methods (cross sectional) and quantitative approach. The population of the research was the entire caregivers SDN 1, 2, 3, and 4 Mulyoagung a number of 685 people, with samples 253 people. Research instrument using a questionnaire based on the indicator of knowledge on health. Engineering data retrieval done by giving questionnaires to caregivers through the student and teacher. Data analysis using descriptive statistical analysis to determine the score of the questionnaire and determine the level of knowledge of caregivers. The results of the research in general, the description of the knowledge of the disease intestinal worms (helminthiasis) on caregivers SDN 1, 2, 3, and 4 Mulyoagung, Kecamatan Dau, Malang, East Java was less, with an average score of respondents 45,81.Keywords: knowledge, helminthiasis, parents (caregivers)Abstrak: WHO (2016) mengatakan helminthiasis adalah infeksi cacing parasit usus dari golongan Nematoda usus yang ditularkan melalui tanah atau disebut Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH). WHO (2016) melaporkan lebih dari 2 miliar orang terinfeksi cacingan. Menurut DEPKES RI (2004), prevalensi cacingan pada anak sekolah dasar pada tahun 2003 sebesar 33% dan meningkat pada tahun 2004 menjadi 46,8%. DEPKES RI (2005) memaparkan hasil survei cacingan di sekolah dasar menunjukan prevalensi sekitar 60% - 80%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan helminthiasis pada wali murid SDN 1, 2, 3, dan 4 Mulyoagung, Kecamatan Dau, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh wali murid SDN 1, 2, 3, dan 4 Mulyoagung sejumlah 685 orang, dengan sampel sejumlah 253 orang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengetahui pengetahuan terhadap kesehatan. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan memberikan kuesioner kepada wali murid melalui siswa dan guru. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif untuk menentukan skor dari kuesioner dan menentukan tingkat pengetahuan wali murid. Hasil penelitian secara umum, gambaran pengetahuan penyakit cacingan (helminthiasis) pada wali murid SDN 1, 2, 3, dan 4 Mulyoagung, Kecamatan Dau, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur adalah kurang, dengan skor rata-rata responden 45,81.Kata kunci: pengetahuan, cacingan (helminthiasis), wali murid

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Can school-based distribution be used to maintain coverage of long-lasting insecticide treated bed nets: evidence from a large scale programme in southern Tanzania?

Health Policy and Planning ◽

10.1093/heapol/czx028 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (7) ◽

pp. 980-989 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Logan Stuck ◽

Angelina Lutambi ◽

Frank Chacky ◽

Paul Schaettle ◽

Karen Kramer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Bed Nets ◽

School Based ◽

Insecticide Treated Bed Nets

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Young Adults in Endemic Areas: An Untreated Group in Need of School-Based Preventive Chemotherapy for Schistosomiasis Control and Elimination

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease ◽

10.3390/tropicalmed3030100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 100 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harrison Korir ◽

Diana Riner ◽

Emmy Kavere ◽

Amos Omondi ◽

Jasmine Landry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Intensity Of Infection ◽

Preventive Chemotherapy ◽

Schistosomiasis Control ◽

Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽

College And University ◽

School Based ◽

College Setting ◽

University Settings

Parasitologic surveys of young adults in college and university settings are not commonly done, even in areas known to be endemic for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths. We have done a survey of 291 students and staff at the Kisumu National Polytechnic in Kisumu, Kenya, using the stool microscopy Kato-Katz (KK) method and the urine point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test. Based on three stools/two KK slides each, in the 208 participants for whom three consecutive stools were obtained, Schistosoma mansoni prevalence was 17.8%. When all 291 individuals were analyzed based on the first stool, as done by the national neglected tropical disease (NTD) program, and one urine POC-CCA assay (n = 276), the prevalence was 13.7% by KK and 23.2% by POC-CCA. Based on three stools, 2.5% of 208 participants had heavy S. mansoni infections (≥400 eggs/gram feces), with heavy S. mansoni infections making up 13.5% of the S. mansoni cases. The prevalence of the soil-transmitted helminths (STH: Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm) by three stools was 1.4%, 3.1%, and 4.1%, respectively, and by the first stool was 1.4%, 2.4% and 1.4%, respectively. This prevalence and intensity of infection with S. mansoni in a college setting warrants mass drug administration with praziquantel. This population of young adults is ‘in school’ and is both approachable and worthy of inclusion in national schistosomiasis control and elimination programs.

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Knowledge of Evidence-Based Practices and Frequency of Selection Among School-Based Professionals of Students With Autism

The Journal of Special Education ◽

10.1177/0022466920958688 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 002246692095868

Author(s):

Kristi L. Morin ◽

Ann Sam ◽

Brianne Tomaszewski ◽

Victoria Waters ◽

Samuel L. Odom

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Online Learning ◽

Large Scale ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Evidence Based Practices ◽

Learning Modules ◽

School Based ◽

Students With Autism ◽

Selection Of

Autism Focused Intervention Resources and Modules (AFIRM) are a set of self-paced, online learning modules designed to disseminate information about the 27 evidence-based practices identified through a large-scale review of focused intervention practices for individuals with autism. In this study, we used descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance to analyze more than 67,000 pre-tests completed by over 22,000 school-based AFIRM users to determine whether there are differences by occupation in the (a) selection of evidence-based practices, (b) knowledge of evidence-based practices, and (c) average number of evidence-based practices selected. Results reveal statistically significant differences between groups and have implications for providers and administrators responsible for designing and delivering professional development for school-based professionals working with students with autism.

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NM GRADS: Lessons Learned from Implementing a School-Based Program for Young Parents Across New Mexico

Maternal and Child Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10995-020-02993-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (S2) ◽

pp. 163-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jessica Harper ◽

Dean Hopper ◽

Betsy Keating ◽

Jessica Harding

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

New Mexico ◽

Large Scale ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

District Leaders ◽

Program Administrators ◽

School Based ◽

Young Fathers ◽

Care And Support ◽

Parenting Students

Abstract Purpose The New Mexico Graduation Reality and Dual-role Skills (GRADS) program provides services for expectant and parenting students at high schools. The GRADS program has operated since 1989, serving more than 17,000 youth. This study summarizes the GRADS program model and program administrators’ lessons learned from implementing this comprehensive, large-scale program. Description The GRADS program is a multicomponent intervention that can include a classroom intervention, case management, linkages to child care and health care, and support for young fathers. The program aims to support expectant and parenting youth in finishing high school, delaying a repeat pregnancy, promoting health outcomes for their children, and preparing for college and career. This study presents program administrators’ lessons learned to increase understanding of how to implement a statewide program to support expectant and parenting students. Assessment During the 2010–2017 school years, the GRADS program operated in 26–31 sites each year, serving a total of 2691 parenting youth. Program administrators identified lessons learned from implementing the GRADS program during that period of expansion, including allowing variation across sites based on resources and needs, providing centralized implementation support, fostering buy-in from school and district leaders, and collecting consistent data to better understand participant outcomes. Conclusions Although not based on a rigorous impact or implementation study, this article provides lessons learned from a statewide, school-based program that may be a promising way to serve a large number of expectant and parenting youth and help them overcome challenges for completing high school.

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