Dynamic cooling strategy based on individual animal response mitigated heat stress in dairy cows

This study aims to characterize the influence of short-term heat stress (HS; 4 day) in early lactating Holstein dairy cows, in terms of triggering blood metabolomics and parameters, milk yield and composition, and milk microRNA expression. Eight cows (milk yield = 30 ± 1.5 kg/day, parity = 1.09 ± 0.05) were homogeneously housed in environmentally controlled chambers, assigned into two groups with respect to the temperature humidity index (THI) at two distinct levels: approximately ~71 (low-temperature, low-humidity; LTLH) and ~86 (high-temperature, high-humidity; HTHH). Average feed intake (FI) dropped about 10 kg in the HTHH group, compared with the LTLH group (p = 0.001), whereas water intake was only numerically higher (p = 0.183) in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Physiological parameters, including rectal temperature (p = 0.001) and heart rate (p = 0.038), were significantly higher in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Plasma cortisol and haptoglobin were higher (p < 0.05) in the HTHH group, compared to the LTLH group. Milk yield, milk fat yield, 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM), and energy-corrected milk (ECM) were lower (p < 0.05) in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Higher relative expression of milk miRNA-216 was observed in the HTHH group (p < 0.05). Valine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, lactic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, 1,5-anhydro-D-sorbitol, myo-inositol, and urea were decreased (p < 0.05). These results suggest that early lactating cows are more vulnerable to short-term (4 day) high THI levels—that is, HTHH conditions—compared with LTLH, considering the enormous negative effects observed in measured blood metabolomics and parameters, milk yield and compositions, and milk miRNA-216 expression.

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Effects of dry period length on milk yield and content and metabolic status of high-producing dairy cows under heat stress

Tropical Animal Health and Production ◽

10.1007/s11250-021-02634-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

Author(s):

A. Boustan ◽

V. Vahedi ◽

M. Abdi Farab ◽

H. Karami ◽

R. Seyedsharifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Period Length ◽

Metabolic Status ◽

Dry Period

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Computational modeling of a conductive cooling system to alleviate heat stress in dairy cows

10.13031/2013.41850 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Mario R Mondaca ◽

Fernando Rojano ◽

Christopher Y Choi

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Computational Modeling ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Cooling System

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Recent Advances on Early Detection of Heat Strain in Dairy Cows Using Animal-Based Indicators: A Review

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11040980 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 980

Author(s):

Hang Shu ◽

Wensheng Wang ◽

Leifeng Guo ◽

Jérôme Bindelle

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Early Detection ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Real Time ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Time Measurement ◽

Heat Strain ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Livestock Farming ◽

Real Time Measurement

In pursuit of precision livestock farming, the real-time measurement for heat strain-related data has been more and more valued. Efforts have been made recently to use more sensitive physiological indicators with the hope to better inform decision-making in heat abatement in dairy farms. To get an insight into the early detection of heat strain in dairy cows, the present review focuses on the recent efforts developing early detection methods of heat strain in dairy cows based on body temperatures and respiratory dynamics. For every candidate animal-based indicator, state-of-the-art measurement methods and existing thresholds were summarized. Body surface temperature and respiration rate were concluded to be the best early indicators of heat strain due to their high feasibility of measurement and sensitivity to heat stress. Future studies should customize heat strain thresholds according to different internal and external factors that have an impact on the sensitivity to heat stress. Wearable devices are most promising to achieve real-time measurement in practical dairy farms. Combined with internet of things technologies, a comprehensive strategy based on both animal- and environment-based indicators is expected to increase the precision of early detection of heat strain in dairy cows.

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Effect of heat stress on milk production and its composition of Holstein Friesian crossbred dairy cows

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v2i2.29060 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 190-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahmud Al Reyad ◽

Md Abid Hasan Sarker ◽

Md Elias Uddin ◽

Raihan Habib ◽

Md Harun Ur Rashid

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Management Practices ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Mustard Oil ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Significant Difference

The aim of this research was to observe the effect of heat stress on milk yield and milk compositions of Holstein Friesian crossbred (HF) dairy cows. To fulfill the objectives, a total of 9 Holstein Friesian crossbred cows were selected for this study. Green grasses (German, Para) were supplied adlibitum and concentrate feeds (mixture of wheat bran, rice polish, mustard oil cake, di-calcium phosphate and salt) were supplied at the rate of 2.0 kg/day/cow. Management practices for all the cows were similar following the BAU Dairy farm practices. Data were collected on milk yield (l/h/d), relative humidity (%) and barn temperature (0C). The obtained temperature humidity index (THI) of July, August, September and October were 84.95, 81.99, 81.40 and 79.57, respectively. The highest THI was found in July which indicated higher heat stress during this month. A significant difference (p<0.05) in milk yield of cows was found among different months of July to October. The highest milk yield (6.10±0.50 l/h/d) was found in October among observed months. The compositions of milk such as total solids (TS), solids-not-fat (SNF), fat, protein, lactose, and ash also differed significantly (p<0.01). The highest values (%) of TS, SNF, fat, protein, lactose and ash content of milk were found in October as 12.63, 8.80, 3.83, 3.69, 4.39 and 0.72, respectively and lowest values (%) were in July as 12.20, 8.50, 3.71, 3.50, 4.30 and 0.69, respectively due to the high THI value. From these results, it is concluded that heat stress has strong effect on milk yield and milk composition of HF cows in Bangladesh. Management strategies are needed to minimize heat stress and attain optimal dairy animal performance.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 190-195

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Fertility and hormonal responses to temporary relief of heat stress in lactating dairy cows

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/s0093-691x(88)80026-8 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 1027-1035 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

M.E. Wise ◽

R.E. Rodriguez ◽

D.V. Armstrong ◽

J.T. Huber ◽

F. Wiersma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Hormonal Responses ◽

Temporary Relief ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows

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Reduce Heat Stress in High-Producing Dairy Cows with Feeding and Nutrition Management

Dairy Science Handbook ◽

10.1201/9780429049361-31 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 315-324

Author(s):

Carl E. Coppock

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Nutrition Management

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Hot and bothered: Public attitudes towards heat stress and outdoor access for dairy cows

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0205352 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. e0205352 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Clarissa S. Cardoso ◽

Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk ◽

Maria José Hötzel ◽

Jesse Robbins ◽

Daniel M. Weary

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Public Attitudes

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Thermoregulation, Haematological Profile and Productivity of Holstein Friesian Under Heat Stress at Different Land Elevations

Buletin Peternakan ◽

10.21059/buletinpeternak.v43i1.37648 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elmy Mariana ◽

Cece Sumantri ◽

Dewi Apri Astuti ◽

Anneke Anggraeni ◽

Asep Gunawan

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Plasma Cortisol ◽

Plasma Cortisol Level ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Haematological Profile ◽

Humidity Index ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

The Given

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of heat stress on thermoregulation, haematology, and productivity of Holstein Friesian (HF) dairy cows raised in different elevations. A total of 63 HF in a normal lactation period were used in this study. The research was conducted for 3 months during dry season in three different areas, which were at Pondok Ranggon (97 m.a.s.l) which categorized as a lowland, Ciawi (576 m.a.s.l) which categorized as a lower-upland, and Lembang (1241 m.a.s.l) which categorized as an upland. Observation on microclimate aspects which includes environmental temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH) and Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) was done by recording each variable for every 2 hours starting from 08.00 to 16.00 WIB. The thermoregulation analysis was done based on the given physiological responses which consisted of the skin temperature (Ts), rectal temperature (Tr), body temperature (Tb), heart rate (Hr), respiratory rate (Rr), Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC), plasma cortisol level and haematological profile observation. The Ta, Rr, and THI measurements showed that in the lowland and lower-upland, the HF experienced moderate heat stress, while the HF raised in the upland area experienced less heat stress. The results showed that the dairy cows which raised in lowland had the highest HTC, Tr, Ts and Tb (P<0.05) and lowest Hr (P<0.05). All of the physiological and haematological parameters in the three study area showed a normal value.Furthermore, the erythrocyte, Hb and PVC concentration in a lowland raised HF were higher (P<0.05), while the plasma cortisol levels were not significantly different. The milk production of the observed dairy cows in different elevations was significantly different (P<0.05), with the highest milk yields, were found in the upland raised HF (13.1±3.52 kg), followed by the lower-upland (11.3±4.73 kg) and lowland (7.0±3.36 kg). In general, all of the HF raised in different land elevations was exposed to heat stress during dry seasons, even though the cows showed the ability to physiologically adapt and cope with the conditions.

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