The Implications of Diabetes Mellitus on the Pattern of Risk factors Profile and treatment strategies in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. e3-e4
Author(s):  
Ashraf Reda ◽  
Atef Elbahry ◽  
Elsayed Farag ◽  
Hazem Khamis ◽  
Mohamed Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Frequency of risk factors in patients of acute coronary syndrome due to coronary ectasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 312-315
Author(s):  
Noor Dastgir ◽  
Arslan Masood ◽  
Ahmed Muqeet ◽  
Gul Zaman Khan Niazi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Coronary Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Risk ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Ectasia ◽  
Few Data

Background Coronary artery ectasia is a relatively common entity characterized by inappropriate dilatation of the coronary vasculature. In some cases of acute coronary syndrome without obstructive coronary lesions, coronary ectasia is the sole cause. The exact mechanism of its development is unknown but evidence suggests a combination of genetic predisposition, common risk factors for coronary artery disease, and abnormal vessel wall metabolism. As there are few data regarding the pattern of coronary risk factors in patients with coronary ectasia, the objective of the study was to determine the frequency and distribution of coronary risk factors in patients with acute coronary syndrome solely due to coronary ectasia. Methods The study included 155 patients over a period of 6 months, with coronary angiographic evidence of coronary ectasia as the sole cause of acute coronary syndrome. There were 79 (51%) men and 76 (49%) women with a mean age 51.92 ± 7.83 years; 73 (47.10%) were aged 20–50 years and 82 (52.90%) were 51–80 years of age. The frequencies of coronary risk factors were stratified according to sex and the two age groups. Results Seventy-one patients (45.80%) had diabetes mellitus, 83 (53.54%) had hypertension, 55 (35.48%) were smokers, 46 (29.68%) had dyslipidemia, and 47 (30.3%) were obese. Conclusion Hypertension is the leading coronary risk factors in patients with acute coronary syndrome solely due to coronary ectasia, followed by diabetes mellitus and smoking.

scholarly journals Impact of Age on Risk Factors and Clinical Manifestations of Acute Coronary Syndrome: Observations From the Coronary Care Unit of Sulaimani, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Amanj Abubakr Jalal Khaznadar ◽  
Rebin Wahid Salh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Coronary Care Unit ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Atypical Symptoms ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Coronary Care

Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI ) are common types of acute coronary syndrome which are associated with the risk factors of age, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effects of age on the risk factors and clinical symptoms of acute coronary syndrome. Methods: A cross-section prospective study was conducted on 125 patients with acute coronary syndrome chosen by non-probability convenience sampling method in the coronary care unit in Sulaimani, the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Acute coronary syndrome types were diagnosed through clinical presentations, electrocardiography (ECG), and troponin test. Data was collected using a researcherbased checklist through face-to-face interviews. Results: The results indicated that males were the dominant group. The age group 45-65 had the highest prevalence rate of acute coronary syndrome. The most frequent risk factors for acute coronary syndrome were hypertension (54.4%), dyslipidemia (52%), smoking (42.4%), and diabetes mellitus (38.4%). Typical chest pain was found to be the most frequent clinical presentation (88%). There was a significant difference between the age groups in terms of the effect of age on typical and atypical symptoms; however, neither age nor typical/atypical symptoms had a significant effect on type of acute coronary syndrome. Similarly, family history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and dyslipidemia had no effect on type of acute coronary syndrome. Conclusion: Age is a predictive factor for acute coronary syndrome, but family history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and dyslipidemia cannot predict acute coronary syndrome.

scholarly journals Relationship between the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Based on Tehran Heart Center’s Data Registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar Omidi ◽  
Saeed Sadeghian ◽  
Mojtaba Salarifar ◽  
Arash Jalali ◽  
Seyed Hesameddin Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gensini Score ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. We sought to evaluate the correlation between the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and conventional coronary artery risk factors in a large cohort of patients with ACS. Methods: This study included all patients admitted to the coronary care unit with a diagnosis of ACS between 2003 and 2017. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) unstable angina and 2) myocardial infarction. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of the risk factors and extension of coronary artery stenosis in patients with ACS according to the Gensini score. Results: Of a total 40 319 patients who presented with ACS, 18 862 patients (mean age =60.4±11.14 y, male: 67.2%) underwent conventional coronary angiography and met our criteria to enter the final analysis. The median of the Gensini score was 50 (25–88) in the study population. The multivariable analysis showed that age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history, cigarette smoking, opium consumption, and myocardial infarction increased the risk of positive Gensini scores. All the aforementioned risk factors, except cigarette smoking and opium consumption, increased the severity of stenosis in those with positive Gensini scores. The strongest relationship was seen vis-à-vis myocardial infarction, sex, and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that age, sex, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, family history, and myocardial infarction have significant effects on the severity of CAD. The obesity paradox in relation to CAD should be taken into consideration and needs further investigation in patients with ACS.

Abstract 9406: ST-Segment Elevation in Lead AVR Strongly Predicts Long-Term Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masami Kosuge ◽  
Toshiaki Ebina ◽  
Kiyoshi Hibi ◽  
Kengo Tsukahara ◽  
Noriaki Iwahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Lead Avr ◽  
Timi Risk Score

Introduction: In non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), ST-elevation in lead aVR (ST↑aVR) on admission ECG has been shown to be associated with severe coronary artery disease, but its impact on long-term clinical outcomes is unclear. Methods: We studied 454 patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent coronary angiography during initial hospitalization. Patients were divided into the 3 groups according to the degree of ST↑aVR on admission ECG: no ST↑aVR (n=301, G-A); ST↑aVR <1.0 mm (n=82, G-B); and ST↑aVR ≥1.0 mm (n=71, G-C). Troponin T (TnT), hemoglobin (Hb), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), TIMI risk score, and summed ST-segment depression in other leads were also measured on admission. Results: There were no differences in sex or coronary risk factors except for diabetes mellitus in the 3 groups. In G-A, G-B, and G-C, age was 66±11, 68±11, and 70±11 years; the rates of diabetes mellitus were 30%, 48%, and 51%; Killip class ≥2 was 7%, 20%, and 34%; positive TnT was 30%, 46%, and 56%; TIMI risk score was 2.8±1.4, 3.6±1.3, and 3.8±1.2; the levels of Hb were 13.4±1.9, 13.2±1.9, and 12.2±2.3 g/dl; eGFR was 65±24, 59±27, and 53±28 ml/min/1.73 m2; BNP was 155±249, 386±338, and 455±507 pg/ml; hsCRP was 0.339±1.499, 0.654±1.899, and 0.842±1.788 mg/dl; summed ST-segment depression was 2.0±2.6, 5.6±3.5, and 13.0±6.6 mm; the rates of left main or 3-vessel disease were 9%, 44%, and 75%; and major adverse events (death, [re]infarction, urgent revascularization, or heart failure requiring hospitalization) at 5 years were 19%, 43%, and 58%, respectively (all p<0.01). After adjusting for baseline characteristics, multivariate analysis showed that as compared with no ST↑aVR, the hazard ratios (95% CI) for 5-year adverse events associated with ST↑aVR <1.0 mm and ST↑aVR ≥1.0 mm were 2.16 (1.10-5.59; p=0.019) and 3.90 (1.44-9.76; p=0.001), respectively. Conclusions: In patients with NSTE-ACS, greater ST↑aVR on admission ECG strongly predicted 5-year adverse outcomes, even after adjusting for traditional risk factors, biomarker profiles, and ST-segment depression in other leads. Our findings suggest the importance of ST↑aVR in risk stratification for NSTE-ACS.

Effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Risk Factors of Acute Coronary Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Ju Moon ◽  
Jun Goo Kang ◽  
Min Ho Jo ◽  
Byung Wan Lee ◽  
Cheol Young Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

scholarly journals Contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation: risk factors and prognosis

The Clinician ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
O. V. Arsenicheva ◽  
N. N. Shchapovа
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
St Segment

Objective: to study the risk factors for acute renal injury, the dynamics of renal function and prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation (STEACS) with contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Materials and methods. We studied 20 patients with STEACS, who developed СIN after PCI (follow-up group), and 98 patients with STEACS without СIN (comparison group). All patients were measured plasma creatinine level and glomerular filtration rate by the formula CKD-EPI before and 48 hours after PCI. CIN was detected with an increase in creatinine levels in the blood by more than 26.5 µmol / l from the baseline 48 hours after administration of radiopaque drug (RCP). Endpoints were evaluated at the hospital stage and within 12 months after PCI.Results. CIN after PCI occurred in 16.9 % of patients with STEACS. Among patients with СIN, persons aged over 75 years (60 %), with diabetes mellitus (45 %), chronic kidney disease (75 %), postinfarction cardiosclerosis (50 %), chronic heart failure of functional class III–IV (80 %), developed acute heart failure T. Killip III–IV (90 %) were significantly more often observed. The left ventricular ejection fraction was lower in patients with СIN (p <0.05). The average increase in plasma creatinine 48 hours after PCI was higher in the follow-up group (p <0.05). In patients with СIN more often, than without СIN, three-vascular lesions of the coronary bed were detected (65 and 25.5 % respectively, p <0.001). The same trend was observed, when assessing the average number of coronary artery stenoses, the number of implanted stents and the volume of RCP used. Patients with СIN, than without СIN, were longer in hospital (12.1 ± 0.96 and 10.2 ± 1.11 days respectively, p <0.05) and more often needed re-hospitalization within 12 months after PCI (34 and 4.1 % respectively, p <0.05).Summary. CIN in patients with STEACS after primary PCI was more likely to develop, if the following symptoms were present: age over 75 years, diabetes mellitus, chronic heart failure, post-infarction cardiosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, low ejection fraction of the left ventricle, initially high creatinine level, development of acute heart failure, trisovascular coronary lesion and multiple coronary stenting. The duration of hospital stay and the frequency of re-hospitalizations within a year after PCI significantly increased in patients in the CIN group.

scholarly journals Gender Difference in Frequency of Conventional Risk Factors in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Admitted in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
M Parajuli ◽  
A Maskey ◽  
SC Kohli ◽  
UK Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the major manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD), which is a major killer of mankind. The modifiable risk factors for CAD may have different impact on men and women, which may also differ in different population groups. Identification and control of conventional risk factors is expected to result in a decline in incidence of CAD similar to that seen in western industrialized countries. Method: A retrospective study of 232 consecutive patients admitted to Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara between September 2009 to December 2010 by studying their hospital records for following conventional risk factors of CAD viz Body mass index, current cigarette smoking, hypertension, excessive alcohol use, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The results were analyzed by SPSS 16. Results: The important modifiable risk factors in order of descending frequency were high BMI, smoking, hypertension, excessive alcohol use, raised total cholesterol, raised triglyceride and diabetes mellitus. Smoking and excessive use of alcohol were seen in statistically significant higher percentage of cases in males. Our study further revealed that in females, unstable angina whereas in males ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was present in statistically significant higher number of cases. Conclusion: Our study showed a statistically significant higher incidence of smoking and excessive alcohol use as risk factors for ACS in males. It was also seen that in females unstable angina and in males STEMI was present in statistically significant higher number of cases. Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Coronary artery disease; gender difference; risk factor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v1i1.5794   Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012; 1(1): 31-34

scholarly journals Risk Stratification of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4574
Author(s):  
Dávid Bauer ◽  
Petr Toušek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Outcome Predictors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
New Treatment

Defining the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has been a challenge. Many individual biomarkers and risk scores that predict outcomes during different periods following ACS have been proposed. This review evaluates known outcome predictors supported by clinical data in light of the development of new treatment strategies for ACS patients during the last three decades.

scholarly journals Identification of risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in young patients between 18-40 years of age at a teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faryal Murtaza Cheema ◽  
Hasan Mujtaba Cheema ◽  
Zubair Akram
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Family History ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Case Series Study

Objectives: To identify the risk factors in acute coronary syndrome. Methods: It was a case series study, conducted in coronary care unit of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from January to December 2018. Convenient sampling was used for patients’ selection. The serum cardiac enzymes level was measured, and serial ECG was done at admission and repeated if required. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast of 14 hours and tests were done for total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Results: Out of 300 patients of acute coronary syndrome, 100 (33.33%) were female and 200 (66.67%) were males. Majority of patients 180 (60%) belonged to age group of 25-40 years. Out of 300 patients 94 (31.33%) had diabetes mellitus, while 139 (46.3%) were suffering from hypertension. Out of 290 patients 95 (32.7%) had family history of coronary artery disease. Out of 298 patients 125 (41.9%) were smokers. Conclusion: Acute coronary syndrome in age group of 18-40 Years showed a male predominance with major modifiable risk factors; Hypertension followed by Diabetes mellitus, smoking and Dyslipidemia. Positive family history a non-modifiable risk factor in patients of ACS was also a common finding. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2302 How to cite this:Cheema FM, Cheema HM, Akram Z. Identification of risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in young patients between 18-40 years of age at a teaching hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):821-824. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2302 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document