Potential threat of heavy metals and PAHs in PM2.5 in different urban functional areas of Beijing

Heavy metals are widely used in various industries and became a great concern all over the world due to environmental contamination. This study provides an assessment of seasonal variability and risks to human health associated with the exposure to heavy metals concentrated in Langat river water of Malaysia. The Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia kindly provided the heavy metal concentration data in water for this study. Several multivariate estimation such as an independent t test, box-and-whisker plot and Principal component analysis were carried out to evaluate the seasonal variation of metals concentration in water. The average value of ten analyzed metals was 250.81 µg/l and followed in order of abundance by August > Jun > February > October > April > December > March > May > September > January > July > November. The calculated HPI was 123.42, which is far above the critical index value of 100, indicating pollution with respect to heavy metals. Estimates of health risks associated with river water were summarized according to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health effects. No potential threat was detected for noncarcinogenic risk as the HI values calculated were <1. Potential carcinogenic risks associated with the ingestion and dermal absorption of heavy metals in water were evaluated probabilistically by performing 10,000 trails for Monte Carlo simulation where potential carcinogenic risk exists in case of Cd and As.It is necessary to take proper steps to reduce the pollution of heavy metals in Langat River.

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Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Traditional Cosmetics Sold in Tunisian Local Markets

International Scholarly Research Notices ◽

10.1155/2016/6296458 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mohamed Anouar Nouioui ◽

Salah Mahjoubi ◽

Asma Ghorbel ◽

Marouen Ben Haj Yahia ◽

Dorra Amira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risk ◽

Atomic Absorption ◽

Good Manufacturing Practice ◽

Potential Threat ◽

Analytical Test ◽

Metal Contents ◽

Cu And Zn

This study was undertaken in order to determine heavy metal contents in twelve (n=12) henna brands and eleven (n=11) kohl products. An analytical test was performed for Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in henna and kohl products using atomic absorption spectrophotometery. The overall mean concentrations of heavy metals in henna varied between 1.2 and 8.9 μg g−1 for Pb; 0.8 and 18.6 μg g−1 for Cd; 0.5 μg g−1 and 3.3 μg g−1 for Cu; and 3.7 μg g−1 and 90.0 μg g−1 for Zn. As for kohl products, Pb concentrations ranged between 51.1 μg g−1 and 4839.5 μg g−1, Cd concentrations ranged between 1.0 μg g−1 and 158.6 μg g−1, Cu concentrations ranged between 2.5 μg g−1 and 162.5 μg g−1, and Zn concentrations ranged between 0.7 μg g−1 and 185.0 μg g−1. The results of our study revealed that Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn contents in investigated samples were high, making from the prolonged use of such products a potential threat to human health. Therefore, major quality controls are recommended in order to enforce acceptable limits of potential contaminants in cosmetics and good manufacturing practice.

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Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, China

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics8030075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Rongxi Li ◽

Yuan Yuan ◽

Chengwei Li ◽

Wei Sun ◽

Meng Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Risk Index ◽

Pollution Index ◽

Hangzhou Bay ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Industrial Areas ◽

Agricultural Areas ◽

Functional Areas

Shanghai is the major city on the north shore of Hangzhou Bay, and the administrative regions adjacent to Hangzhou Bay are the Jinshan district, Fengxian district, and Pudong new area (Nanhui district), which are the main intersection areas of manufacturing, transportation, and agriculture in Shanghai. In this paper, we collected a total of 75 topsoil samples from six different functional areas (agricultural areas (19), roadside areas (10), industrial areas (19), residential areas (14), education areas (6), and woodland areas (7)) in these three administrative regions, and the presence of 10 heavy metals (manganese(Mn), zinc(Zn), chromium(Cr), nickel(Ni), lead(Pb), cobalt(Co), cadmium(Cd), mercury(Hg), copper(Cu), and arsenic(As)) was investigated in each sample. The Nemerow pollution index (NPI), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were calculated to assess the soil pollution levels. The hazard quotient (HQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) assessment models were used to assess the human health risks posed by the concentrations of the heavy metals. The CR and HQ for adults and children in different functional areas descended in the following order: industrial areas > roadside areas > woodland areas > residential areas > education areas > agricultural areas. The HQ of Mn for children in industrial areas was higher than 1, and the risk was within the acceptable range.

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Seasonal Levels, Sources, and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric PM2.5 from Four Functional Areas of Nanjing City, Eastern China

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos10070419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 419 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lichun Wu ◽

Xiao-San Luo ◽

Hongbo Li ◽

Long Cang ◽

Jie Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risks ◽

Metal Pollution ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Suburban Areas ◽

Nanjing City ◽

Functional Areas ◽

Atmospheric Pm2.5

Aerosol pollution is a serious environmental issue, especially in China where there has been rapid urbanization. To identify the intra-annual and regional distributions of health risks and potential sources of heavy metals in atmospheric particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5), this work collected monthly PM2.5 samples from urban, industrial, suburban, and rural areas in Nanjing city during 2016 and analyzed the heavy metal compositions (Cu, Pb, Cd, Co, V, Sr, Mn, Ti, and Sb). Enrichment factors (EFs) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to investigate the sources. The atmospheric PM2.5 pollution level was highest in the industrial area, followed by the urban and suburban areas, and was the lowest in the rural area. Seasonally, the concentrations of PM2.5 and associated heavy metals in spring and winter were higher than those in summer and autumn. Besides natural sources, heavy metal pollution in PM2.5 might come from metallurgical dust in the industrial area, while it mainly comes from automobile exhaust in urban and suburban areas. Health risk assessments revealed that noncancerous hazards of heavy metals in PM2.5 were low, while the lifetime cancer risks obviously exceeded the threshold. The airborne metal pollution in various functional areas of the city impacted human health differently.

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Spatial Distribution and Sources of Heavy Metal Pollution of Surface Dust in Taiyuan, China

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.503 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 737 ◽

pp. 503-507

Author(s):

Yong Zhang ◽

Jing Xia Chen ◽

Jun Qiu Zhang ◽

Ying Te Wang

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Shanxi Province ◽

Surface Dust ◽

Flame Atomic Absorption ◽

Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽

Development Area ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Functional Areas ◽

Different Levels

The concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Mn) were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer after digested with four acids. The samples were collected from seven kinds of different functional areas in Taiyuan, China. The concentration of the heavy metals were found in Taiyuan is higher than the soil background values in Shanxi Province, which appeared different levels of accumulation. High concentrations of Cr, Ni, Mn were found in the samples from industrial area and Cu was noted from economic development area. The correlational analysis and principle component analysis showed that the heavy metals of surface dust in Taiyuan were mainly influenced by industrial activities.

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City Soil Pollution Degree of Heavy Metals

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1107 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 1107-1111

Author(s):

Shu Hong Si

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Pollution ◽

Heavy Metal Pollution ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Gps Data ◽

Data Application ◽

Heavy Metals Pollution ◽

Functional Areas ◽

The City

This paper is mainly based on a city in surface soil heavy metal pollution on the measured GPS data,Application of the Nemeroww method to study the city all functional areas of the 8 kinds of heavy metals pollution degree.

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Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution of Topsoil in the Proposed Land for UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital

UNIOSUN Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences ◽

10.36108/ujees/0202.20.0290 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

A. J. Anifowose

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Risk Index ◽

University Teaching ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Elevated Concentration ◽

Potential Threat

Heavy metals which are released to the soil are found to be deleterious to environment and biota. Such soil quality, particularly in residential proximities, must be assessed periodically. This study investigated nine (9) heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe, Cr, Zn, As, Mn, Ni) in the surface soil of an agrarian land for Osun State University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, with a view to establishing their potential threat. They were measured in twenty (20) composite soil samples of the site by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results showed that the average concentrations of Cu (6.5 mg/kg), Pb (5.4 mg/kg), Fe (5831 mg/kg), Cr (22 mg/kg), Zn (14.8 mg/kg), As (1.4 mg/kg), Mn (575 mg/kg), Ni (2.6 mg/kg) were within the permissible range and posed no ecological risk. However, Cd ranging 0.1–1.3 mg/kg (average, 0.6 mg/kg) moderately posed ecological risk due to its positive geo-accumulation index and constituted 86.5% of risk index of all the metals. Applications of agrochemicals, fertilizers in the previous agricultural activities could be the primary sources of the elevated concentration of Cd measured in the soil. The overall pollution assessment of the surface soil indicated moderate pollution of the site soil by the heavy metals.

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