Spatial Distribution and Sources of Heavy Metal Pollution of Surface Dust in Taiyuan, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 503-507
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Jing Xia Chen ◽  
Jun Qiu Zhang ◽  
Ying Te Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Surface Dust ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Development Area ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
Different Levels

The concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Mn) were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer after digested with four acids. The samples were collected from seven kinds of different functional areas in Taiyuan, China. The concentration of the heavy metals were found in Taiyuan is higher than the soil background values in Shanxi Province, which appeared different levels of accumulation. High concentrations of Cr, Ni, Mn were found in the samples from industrial area and Cu was noted from economic development area. The correlational analysis and principle component analysis showed that the heavy metals of surface dust in Taiyuan were mainly influenced by industrial activities.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Heavy Metals Toxicity in Asian Clam, Corbicula fluminea, from Mekong River, Pa Sak River, and Lopburi River, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Yin Sow ◽  
Koh Han Dee ◽  
Seong Wei Lee ◽  
Aweng A. L. Eh Rak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Asian Clam ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Clam Corbicula ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Study Sites

High population density and economic development attributing to the changes in water quality in Pa Sak River, Lopburi River, and Mekong River have attracted great attention. This research aimed to determine the pollution of heavy metals in collected clams at three different study sites. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea) may be likely to cause serious health effects on human beings. The clams sampled from three different rivers (Mekong, Pa Sak, and Lopburi) from Thailand were analyzed for the presence of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Mn, and Pb) with an air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Among the heavy metals studied, Zn was recorded as having the highest concentration (127.33-163.65 μg/g) among the three rivers. The observed mean concentration of Cu was in the range of 84.61-127.15 μg/g followed by Mn (13.96-100.63 μg/g), Cr (5.79-15.00 μg/g), Pb (3.43-8.55 μg/g), and Cd (0.88-1.95 μg/g). Overall, Asian clam from Pa Sak River was found to contain high concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, and Pb compared to Mekong and Lopburi River.

scholarly journals Seasonal Levels, Sources, and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric PM2.5 from Four Functional Areas of Nanjing City, Eastern China

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichun Wu ◽  
Xiao-San Luo ◽  
Hongbo Li ◽  
Long Cang ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Nanjing City ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
Atmospheric Pm2.5

Aerosol pollution is a serious environmental issue, especially in China where there has been rapid urbanization. To identify the intra-annual and regional distributions of health risks and potential sources of heavy metals in atmospheric particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5), this work collected monthly PM2.5 samples from urban, industrial, suburban, and rural areas in Nanjing city during 2016 and analyzed the heavy metal compositions (Cu, Pb, Cd, Co, V, Sr, Mn, Ti, and Sb). Enrichment factors (EFs) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to investigate the sources. The atmospheric PM2.5 pollution level was highest in the industrial area, followed by the urban and suburban areas, and was the lowest in the rural area. Seasonally, the concentrations of PM2.5 and associated heavy metals in spring and winter were higher than those in summer and autumn. Besides natural sources, heavy metal pollution in PM2.5 might come from metallurgical dust in the industrial area, while it mainly comes from automobile exhaust in urban and suburban areas. Health risk assessments revealed that noncancerous hazards of heavy metals in PM2.5 were low, while the lifetime cancer risks obviously exceeded the threshold. The airborne metal pollution in various functional areas of the city impacted human health differently.

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Ayre Fish (Sperata Aor Hamilton, 1822), Sediment and Water of Dhaleshwari River in Dry Season

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Tweb Abu Ahmed ◽  
Suman Mandal ◽  
Didarul Alam Chowdhury ◽  
Abu Rayhan M Tareq ◽  
M Mizanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Fish Organs ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Nitric Acid Digestion

The present study was carried out to determine the level of bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in a freshwater fish Ayre (Sperata aor Hamilton, 1822) collected from Rajfulbaria (23°48?56.36? N and 90°14?54.04? E) of  Dhaleshwari river. Four heavy metals, namely chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were selected for this study. Metal concentrations were   determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after nitric acid  digestion of samples. The concentrations of accumulated heavy metals in fish were  also compared with the concentrations of metals in the sediments and waters of  that river. The level of bioaccumulations in different organs of S. aor were determined separately and compared among them. Average bioaccumulation levels  in S. aor were Cr: 1.458 mg/kg, Cu: 31.500 mg/kg, Pb: 18.776 mg/kg and Cd:  0.487 mg/kg of dry weight. The levels of heavy metals in sediments were Cr: 27.393 mg/kg, Cu: 37.450 mg/kg, Pb: 15.797 mg/kg and Cd: 2.083 mg/kg, and in water were Cr: 0.130 ppm, Cu: 0.000 ppm, Pb: 0.201 ppm and Cd: 0.001 ppm.The bioaccumulation of these four heavy metals in fish organs, sediment and  water samples were also compared with FAO approved standard levels and other  related studies, and found that the levels of bioaccumulation in the Dhaleshwari river exceeded all the standard levels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12904 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1):147-153, 2012

scholarly journals Non-carcinogenic and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Exposure to Indoor Dust in Kathmandu, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Sulakshya Bhandari ◽  
Sudarshana Shakya ◽  
Bijaya Adhikari ◽  
Mahesh Shrestha ◽  
Bindra Devi Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

The present study was carried out to assess the contamination of heavy metals in indoor household dust of Kathmandu, Nepal, and its adverse effect on the indoor environment and human health. The concentrations of four heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb) in a total of ninety-three (N = 93) indoor dust samples collected from four different types of land use zones viz., commercial, heavy traffic, residential, and control (undisturbed) of Kathmandu were determined by the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb in indoor dust samples over the study zones were 0.89, 158.1, 113.3, and 65.3 mg kg−1, respectively. The land use zones showed the various degree of metal contamination in indoor dust ranging from moderate to considerable level. PLI showed a high pollution load in the monitored locations, indicating an alarming condition and the urgent need for immediate remedial actions. Hazard quotient (HQ) values indicated ingestion as the major pathway of indoor dust heavy metal exposure to children while the inhalation pathway remained dominant in adults. Hazard index (HI) values showed no probable non-carcinogenic risk of the heavy metals present in the indoor dust of Kathmandu. For carcinogenic health risk, TLCR values were found within the acceptable safe limit indicating no cancer risk for both the receptor groups.

scholarly journals Elemental composition of wild colisa lalia in relation to body size and condition factor from Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Summera Fatima ◽  
Muhammad Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Condition Factor ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Colisa Lalia ◽  
Wet Weight

Twenty three samples of wild fish Colisa lalia were collected from Nala Daik, a stream in Sialkot. The concentration of Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Nickel (Ni) in the whole fish were determined by Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer to estimate the water contamination and health risk of human consumption in Sialkot region which is a popular industrial area. The detected cobalt in twenty two samples and nickel in eight samples exceeds the permitted limits for fish set by IAEA-407 (Wyse et al. 2003).While the concentration of Cadmium, Iron and Manganese in all samples were below permitted level set by European and other International Organizations. The concentration of Cd, Co, Fe, Mn and Ni was ranging from 0.20-1.71, 0.84-55.38, 82.82-137.63, 1.61-22.73, 2.23-5.98 having mean value as 0.67, 39.31, 139.09, 13.26 and 0.56 (ug/g wet weight) respectively. Regressions analysis was performed for both size and condition factor with metal concentrations. As far as correlation with total length and weight was concerned, a decreasing trend was shown by Cd and Ni while Co, Fe and Mn showed an increasing trend and these correlations were found significant for all these elements. No effect of condition factor was observed in the study on Colisa lalia. Inter-elemental regression showed significant correlations among metals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Heavy metals pollution around Kano municipal solid waste Dumpsites, Kano state, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
M. Z. Karkana ◽  
◽  
Mujahid Ajah Matazu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

The research was conducted to assess the level of heavy metals contamination using single and integrated pollution indices in soils around municipal solid waste dumpsites of Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria. Forty two soil samples were collected from seven municipal solid waste dumpsites of Kano metropolis using circular plot method. A stainless hand auger at a depth of (0 to 15) top soils and sub-surface soils (15-30cm) depth were collected and analyzed with Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer to determine the heavy metal concentration. The mean concentration (mg/kg) of heavy metals from the depth of (15-30 cm) were observed to follow a decreasing order Pb (7.71)>Zn (0.50) > Ni (0.45) > Cr (0.31) > Cd (0.025) while for surface soils (0- 15cm) the mean concentration were in the following order: Pb (1.77) > Ni (0.49) > Zn (0.30) > Cr (0.27) > Cd (0.012).The results showed that calculated CF and Er recorded that investigated soil samples are uncontaminated with Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Pb and Ni. The pollution load index (PLI) was less than unity showing that there was minimum pollution in the studied dumpsite. The potential ecological risk showed that soil samples were in the class of low contaminated with the studied heavy metals. The results showed that concentrations of heavy metals of soil samples from dumpsites location at waste dumpsites of Kano Metropolis were within limits of European Union (2002) standards. Keywords: Heavy metals, single and integrated pollution indices Kano, Municipal dumpsites

scholarly journals Assessment of Anions and Heavy Metals in Sediments from River Sio, Busia County, Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
K. O. Ondoo ◽  
J. K. Kiptoo ◽  
A. O. Onditi ◽  
S. M. Shivaji ◽  
J. K. Ogilo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Agricultural activities, discharge of raw sewage into farms and the rise in urbanization have greatly contributed to soil pollution. During the rainy season, surface runoff from farms find their way into water bodies and deposits these contaminants into Rivers and Lakes which poses a threat to both aquatic and terrestrial organisms that depend on that water source. The objective of this research was to determine the level of anions and heavy metals from sediments in River Sio, Busia County, Kenya. Five sediment samples were taken from five sampling points and the levels of anions and heavy metals in them determined. Anions were determined using Shimadzu 1800 UV/visible spectrophotometer while heavy metals were determined using Shimadzu 6200 flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Copper, lead and nickel were above the allowed WHO limits while cadmium was below detection limit. The levels of nitrates, phosphates and chlorides were higher during the wet season due to surface runoff that carried these nutrients from the farms and deposited them on the bottom of the River. The levels of heavy metals were high during the dry season due to evaporation of water from the River, leading to an increase in the analyte concentration during the dry season. High levels of copper and nickel in the sediments points to the use of herbicides and pesticides in farming and washing of vehicles and motorcycles on the banks of the River. According to Igeo nickel showed moderate pollution during the dry season. The contamination factor for lead was very high during the dry season, while pollution load index confirmed pollution due to anthropogenic activities in sampling sites 1 – 4 during the dry season and no pollution due to anthropogenic activities during the wet season.  The study recommends reduced use of inorganic fertilizers in order to save the River from the danger of eutrophication. Excessive use of agrochemicals such as herbicides and pesticides should be discouraged. In addition, pesticide leaching and the level of microbes in soil and sediments should be considered for further research

scholarly journals Bioakumulasi Logam Berat Pb dan Cu terhadap Penaeus merguiensis di Perairan Teluk Kelabat Bagian Dalam

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andini Komalasari ◽  
Budi Afriyansyah ◽  
Muhammad Ihsan ◽  
Mohammad Agung Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Average Ability ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Penaeus Merguiensis

Bioaccumulation of Pb and Cu Heavy Metals to Penaeus merguiensis in the Waters of Inner Kelabat BayThe waters of Kelabat Bay has a wealth of marine resources that is quite important in supporting the economy of Bangka Regency and West Bangka Regency. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cu (sea water, sediment, and Penaeus merguiensis) and measure the ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu. Heavy metals Pb and Cu in Water, sediments and Penaeus merguiensis analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). The results showed that concentration of heavy metals in water with an average range of Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) and Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Average concentration of heavy metals in Pb sediments (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg ). Average concentration of Pb heavy metals in Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). The average ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu is 15,83 to water and 0,19 to sediment. The value of the Bioconcentration Factor is below 250 (FBK <250) so it falls into the low category. Penaeus merguiensis is more exposed to heavy metals dissolved in water than those released from sediment.Perairan Teluk Kelabat memiliki kekayaan sumber daya laut yang cukup penting dalam mendukung perekonomian Kabupaten Bangka dan Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kandungan logam berat Pb dan Cu (air laut, sedimen, dan Penaeus merguiensis) dan mengukur kemampuan Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu. Logam berat Pb dan Cu padaair, sedimen dan Penaeus merguiensisdianalisis menggunakan Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat dalam air dengan kisaran rata-rata Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) dan Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat dalam sedimen Pb (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat Pb di Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). Kemampuan rata-rata Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu yaitu 15,83 terhadap air dan 0,19 terhadap sedimen. Nilai Faktor Biokonsentrasi tersebut di bawah 250 (FBK< 250) sehingga masuk dalam kategori rendah. Penaeus merguiensis lebih banyak terpapar logam berat yang terlarut dalam air daripada yang terlepas dari sedimen. 

Phytoremediation of Multi-Metal Contaminated Soil in Iron-Steel Industrial Area with Solanum nigrum L. and Optimized Amendments

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-498
Author(s):  
Xiuwei Feng ◽  
Xiaowei Cui ◽  
Xinxin Li ◽  
Xiaoyong Yang ◽  
Shouqing Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Steel Industries ◽  
Optimum Chemical

The soils in abandoned iron-steel industries contained high concentrations of heavy metals, which adversely affected the environmental quality. In this study, a greenhouse orthogonal (L16) experiment was conducted to investigate the optimal ratio of organic fertilizer, biochar, Maifan stone, attapulgite and phosphate fertilizer assisted with S. nigrum L., aimed to reach the maximum phytoremediation effects. T17 (organic fertilizer:biochar:Maifan stone:attapulgite:phosphate fertilizer = 2:2:2:1:2) was recommended as the optimum chemical proportions of the amendments. The results showed that after the application of amendments, the length and fresh weight of plants increased significantly, the accumulation of heavy metals in plant roots increased, and the transfer to the shoots decreased. The effective fractions of Pb, Zn and Cd were immobilized. The removal rates of heavy metals were the highest after adding the soil amendments in T17, and by the following of Zn (44.0%) > Cd (39.5%) > Pb (36.7%). In conclusion, it was shown that the results of metal phytostabilization can be significantly improved by the synergistic effect of S. nigrum L. and amendments, especially in T17 treatment.

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