Transcriptome analyses reveal molecular mechanisms that regulate endochondral ossification in amphibian Bufo gargarizans during metamorphosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1862 (12) ◽  
pp. 2632-2644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Bo ◽  
Minyao Wu ◽  
Hui Xiao ◽  
Hongyuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Bufo Gargarizans ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses

Cardiotoxicity Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Ethylparaben in Zebrafish Embryos Based on Transcriptome Analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zunpan Fan ◽  
Yunyi Yang ◽  
Peixuan Hu ◽  
Yaochen Huang ◽  
Huiping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses

scholarly journals Transcriptome analyses reveal molecular mechanisms underlying functional recovery after spinal cord injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (43) ◽  
pp. 13360-13365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Duan ◽  
Weihong Ge ◽  
Aifeng Zhang ◽  
Yue Xi ◽  
Zhihua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Cns Injury ◽  
Neurotrophin 3 ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses ◽  
Regeneration Capability

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is considered incurable because axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely challenging, due to harsh CNS injury environment and weak intrinsic regeneration capability of CNS neurons. We discovered that neurotrophin-3 (NT3)-loaded chitosan provided an excellent microenvironment to facilitate nerve growth, new neurogenesis, and functional recovery of completely transected spinal cord in rats. To acquire mechanistic insight, we conducted a series of comprehensive transcriptome analyses of spinal cord segments at the lesion site, as well as regions immediately rostral and caudal to the lesion, over a period of 90 days after SCI. Using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), we established gene modules/programs corresponding to various pathological events at different times after SCI. These objective measures of gene module expression also revealed that enhanced new neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and reduced inflammatory responses were keys to conferring the effect of NT3-chitosan on regeneration.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Sensory Neurons in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Reveals Inflammation and Neuronal Loss

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford Hall ◽  
Emma Macdonald ◽  
Margaret Cassidy ◽  
Sijung Yun ◽  
Matthew Sapio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Painful Neuropathy ◽  
Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Neuronal Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses

Pathological sensations caused by peripheral painful neuropathy occurring in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often described as sharp and burning and are commonly spontaneous in origin. Proposed etiologies implicate dysfunction of nociceptive sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) induced by generation of reactive oxygen species, microvascular defects, and ongoing axonal degeneration and regeneration. To investigate the molecular mechanisms contributing to diabetic pain, DRGs were acquired postmortem from patients who had been experiencing painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and subjected to transcriptome analyses to identify genes contributing to pathological processes and neuropathic pain. DPN occurs in distal extremities resulting in the characteristic glove and stocking pattern. Accordingly, the L4 and L5 DRGs, which contain the perikarya of primary afferent neurons innervating the foot, were analyzed from five DPN patients and compared with seven controls. Transcriptome analyses identified 844 differentially expressed genes. We observed increases in levels of inflammation-associated genes from macrophages in DPN patients that may contribute to increased pain hypersensitivity and, conversely, there were frequent decreases in neuronally-related genes. The elevated inflammatory gene profile and the accompanying downregulation of multiple neuronal genes provide new insights into intraganglionic pathology and mechanisms causing neuropathic pain in DPN patients with T2DM.

Altered temperature affect body condition and endochondral ossification in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles

2021 ◽  
pp. 103020
Author(s):  
Chaolu Ren ◽  
Yiran Teng ◽  
Yujia Shen ◽  
Qiong Yao ◽  
Hongyuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Bufo Gargarizans

scholarly journals RECENT RESEARCH ON THE GROWTH PLATE: Advances in fibroblast growth factor signaling in growth plate development and disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. T11-T34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangli Xie ◽  
Siru Zhou ◽  
Hangang Chen ◽  
Xiaolan Du ◽  
Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

Skeletons are formed through two distinct developmental actions, intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. During embryonic development, most bone is formed by endochondral ossification. The growth plate is the developmental center for endochondral ossification. Multiple signaling pathways participate in the regulation of endochondral ossification. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling has been found to play a vital role in the development and maintenance of growth plates. Missense mutations inFGFsandFGFRscan cause multiple genetic skeletal diseases with disordered endochondral ossification. Clarifying the molecular mechanisms of FGFs/FGFRs signaling in skeletal development and genetic skeletal diseases will have implications for the development of therapies for FGF-signaling-related skeletal dysplasias and growth plate injuries. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in elucidating the role of FGFs/FGFRs signaling in growth plate development, genetic skeletal disorders, and the promising therapies for those genetic skeletal diseases resulting from FGFs/FGFRs dysfunction. Finally, we also examine the potential important research in this field in the future.

scholarly journals Metabolome and transcriptome analyses of the molecular mechanisms of flower color mutation in tobacco

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangchan Jiao ◽  
Lu Zhao ◽  
Xingfu Wu ◽  
Zhongbang Song ◽  
Yongping Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Color Mutation ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses ◽  
Regulator Genes ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors

Abstract Background Anthocyanins determinate the flower color of many plants. Tobacco is a model plant for studying the molecular regulation of flower coloration. We investigated the mechanism underlying flower coloration in tobacco by profiling flavonoid metabolites,expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic structural genes and their regulator genes in the pink-flowered tobacco cultivar Yunyan 87 and white-flowered Yunyan 87 mutant. Result Significant down-accumulation of anthocyanins, including cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanin, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside, cyanidin O-syringic acid, pelargonin, and pelargonidin 3-O-malonylhexoside (log2 fold change < − 10), endowed the flower color mutation in Yunyan 87 mutant. Transcriptome analysis showed that the coordinately down-regulated anthocyanin biosynthetic genes including chalcone isomerase, naringenin 3-dioxygenase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase and UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase played critical roles in suppressing the formation of the aforesaid anthocyanins. Several genes encoding MYB and bHLH transcription factors were also found down-regulated, and probably the reason for the suppression of structural genes. Conclusion This is the first study of tobacco flower coloration combining metabolome and transcriptome analyses, and the results shed a light on the systematic regulation mechanisms of flower coloration in tobacco. The obtained information will aid in developing strategies to modify flower color through genetic transformation.

scholarly journals Methylome and transcriptome analyses of yaks of different ages revealed that DNA methylation and transcription factor ZGPAT co-regulate milk production

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwei Xin ◽  
Zhixin Chai ◽  
Chengfu Zhang ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Yong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Gene Correlation ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses

Abstract Background Domestic yaks play an indispensable role in sustaining the livelihood of Tibetans and other ethnic groups on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), by providing milk and meat, and have evolved numerous physiological adaptabilities to high-altitude landscape, such as strong capacity of blood oxygen transportation and high metabolism. The molecular mechanisms underlying milk production and adaptation to high altitudes of yak need further exploration. Results We performed genome-wide DNA methylome and transcriptome analyses of breast, lungs, and gluteal muscle from yaks of different ages. We identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) across age groups within the each tissue, and breast tissue had considerably more differential methylation than that from the three younger age groups. Hypomethylated genes with high expression level might regulate milk production by influencing protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Weighted gene correlation network analysis revealed that the “hub” gene ZGPAT was highly expressed in adult breast tissue and that it potentially regulated the transcription of 280 genes, which play roles in regulating protein synthesis, processing, and secretion. Besides, Tissue network analysis indicates that high expression of HIF1A regulates energy metabolism in the lung. Conclusions The results of this comprehensive study provide a solid basis for understanding the epigenetic mechanisms underlying milk production in yaks, which could be helpful to breeding programs aimed at improving milk production.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms through Which Short-Term Cold Storage Improves the Nutritional Quality and Sensory Characteristics of Postharvest Sweet Potato Tuberous Roots: A Transcriptomic Study

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2079
Author(s):  
Shuqian Zhou ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Yongxin Li ◽  
Huqing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is a commercially relevant food crop with high demand worldwide. This species belongs to the Convolvulaceae family and is native to tropical and subtropical regions. Storage temperature and time can adversely affect tuberous roots' quality and nutritional profile. Therefore, this study evaluates the effect of storage parameters using physicochemical and transcriptome analyses. Freshly harvested tuberous roots (Xingxiang) were stored at 13 °C (control) or 5 °C (cold storage, CS) for 21 d. The results from chilling injury (CI) evaluation demonstrated that there was no significant difference in appearance, internal color, weight, and relative conductivity between tuberous roots stored at 13 and 5 °C for 14 d and indicated that short-term CS for 14 d promoted the accumulation of sucrose, chlorogenic acid, and amino acids with no CI symptoms development. This, in turn, improved sweetness, antioxidant capacity, and nutritional value of the tuberous roots. Transcriptome analyses revealed that several key genes associated with sucrose, chlorogenic acid, and amino acid biosynthesis were upregulated during short-term CS, including sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, alanine aminotransferase, arogenate dehydrogenase, and prephenate dehydratase. These results indicated that storage at 5 °C for 14 d could improve the nutritional quality and palatability of sweet potato tuberous roots without compromising their freshness.

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