Interferon-γ is produced by another player of innate immune responses: The interferon-producing killer dendritic cell (IKDC)

AbstractBackgroundA proportion of tuberculosis (TB) case contacts do not become infected, even when heavily exposed. We studied the innate immune responses of TB case contacts to understand their role in protection against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, termed “early clearance.”MethodsIndonesian household contacts of TB cases were tested for interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) conversion between baseline and 14 weeks post recruitment. Blood cell populations and ex vivo innate whole blood cytokine responses were measured at baseline and, in a subgroup, flow cytometry was performed at weeks 2 and 14. Immunological characteristics were measured for early clearers, defined as a persistently negative IGRA at 3 months, and converters, whose IGRA converted from negative to positive.ResultsAmong 1347 case contacts, 317 were early clearers and 116 were converters. Flow cytometry showed a resolving innate cellular response from 2 to 14 weeks in persistently IGRA-negative contacts but not converters. There were no differences in cytokine responses to mycobacterial stimuli, but compared to converters, persistently IGRA-negative contacts produced more proinflammatory cytokines following heterologous stimulation with Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae.ConclusionsEarly clearance of M. tuberculosis is associated with enhanced heterologous innate immune responses similar to those activated during induction of trained immunity.

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Alterations in myeloid dendritic cell innate immune responses in the Gαi2-deficient mouse model of colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

10.1002/ibd.20744 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 248-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

J. A. Peña ◽

L. Thompson-Snipes ◽

P. R. Calkins ◽

N. Tatevian ◽

M. Puppi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cell ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Myeloid Dendritic Cell ◽

Deficient Mouse ◽

Innate Immune Responses

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PS3-06 Differences in magnitude and timing of human monocyte derived dendritic cell innate immune responses to two strains of respiratory syncytial virus

Cytokine ◽

10.1016/j.cyto.2010.07.345 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 52 (1-2) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Philippa Hillyer ◽

Aaron Chen ◽

Lynnsie M. Schramm ◽

Viraj P. Mane ◽

Maria Navarro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Dendritic Cell ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Human Monocyte ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Innate Immune Responses ◽

Syncytial Virus

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Augmented Age-associated Innate Immune Responses Contribute to Negative Inotropic and Lusitropic Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Interferon γ

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology ◽

10.1006/jmcc.2001.1448 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 33 (10) ◽

pp. 1849-1859 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Gisele O. Rosas ◽

Susan J. Zieman ◽

Maral Donabedian ◽

Koenraad Vandegaer ◽

Joshua M. Hare

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Interferon Γ ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Innate Immune Responses

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Impaired Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Innate Immune Responses in Patients with Herpes Virus-Associated Acute Retinal Necrosis

The Journal of Immunology ◽

10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.4219 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 179 (6) ◽

pp. 4219-4230 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Nicolai A. Kittan ◽

Antonio Bergua ◽

Sabrina Haupt ◽

Norbert Donhauser ◽

Philipp Schuster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cell ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Herpes Virus ◽

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Acute Retinal Necrosis ◽

Innate Immune Responses ◽

Herpès Virus

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The Protein Secretome Is Altered in Rectal Cancer Tissue Compared to Normal Rectal Tissue, and Alterations in the Secretome Induce Enhanced Innate Immune Responses

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13030571 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 571

Author(s):

Aisling B. Heeran ◽

Margaret R. Dunne ◽

Maria E. Morrissey ◽

Croí E. Buckley ◽

Niamh Clarke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Dendritic Cell ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Innate Immune Responses

Locally advanced rectal cancer is treated with neoadjuvant-chemoradiotherapy; however, only ~22% of patients achieve a complete response, and resistance mechanisms are poorly understood. The role of inflammation and immune cell biology in this setting is under-investigated. In this study, we profiled the inflammatory protein secretome of normal (non-cancer) (n = 8) and malignant rectal tissue (n = 12) pre- and post-radiation in human ex vivo explant models and examined the influence of these untreated and treated secretomes on dendritic cell biology (n = 8 for cancer and normal). These resultant profiles were correlated with patient clinical characteristics. Nineteen factors were secreted at significantly higher levels from the rectal cancer secretome when compared to the normal rectal secretome; Flt-1, P1GF, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, CCL20, CCL26, CCL22, CCL3, CCL4, CCL17, GM-CSF, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-17A, IL-1α, IL-17A/F, IL-1RA, TSLP and CXCL10 (p < 0.05). Radiation was found to have differential effects on normal rectal tissue and rectal cancer tissue with increased IL-15 and CCL22 secretion following radiation from normal rectal tissue explants (p < 0.05), while no significant alterations were observed in the irradiated rectal cancer tissue. Interestingly, however, the irradiated rectal cancer secretome induced the most potent effect on dendritic cell maturation via upregulation of CD80 and PD-L1. Patient’s visceral fat area correlated with secreted factors including CCL20, suggesting that obesity status may alter the tumour microenvironment (TME). These results suggest that radiation does not have a negative effect on the ability of the rectal cancer TME to induce an immune response. Understanding these responses may unveil potential therapeutic targets to enhance radiation response and mitigate normal tissue injury. Tumour irradiation in this cohort enhances innate immune responses, which may be harnessed to improve patient treatment outcome.

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Oral Immune Activation by Disgust and Disease-Related Pictures

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000143 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 119-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard J. Stevenson ◽

Deborah Hodgson ◽

Megan J. Oaten ◽

Luba Sominsky ◽

Mehmet Mahmut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Innate Immune Response ◽

Negative Control ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Innate Immune Responses ◽

Immune Markers ◽

Before And After ◽

Secondary Analyses ◽

Image Set

Abstract. Both disgust and disease-related images appear able to induce an innate immune response but it is unclear whether these effects are independent or rely upon a common shared factor (e.g., disgust or disease-related cognitions). In this study we directly compared these two inductions using specifically generated sets of images. One set was disease-related but evoked little disgust, while the other set was disgust evoking but with less disease-relatedness. These two image sets were then compared to a third set, a negative control condition. Using a wholly within-subject design, participants viewed one image set per week, and provided saliva samples, before and after each viewing occasion, which were later analyzed for innate immune markers. We found that both the disease related and disgust images, relative to the negative control images, were not able to generate an innate immune response. However, secondary analyses revealed innate immune responses in participants with greater propensity to feel disgust following exposure to disease-related and disgusting images. These findings suggest that disgust images relatively free of disease-related themes, and disease-related images relatively free of disgust may be suboptimal cues for generating an innate immune response. Not only may this explain why disgust propensity mediates these effects, it may also imply a common pathway.

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