In-situ fermentation coupling with partial-denitrification/anammox process for enhanced nitrogen removal in an integrated three-stage anoxic/oxic (A/O) biofilm reactor treating low COD/N real wastewater

2021 ◽  
pp. 126267
Author(s):  
Wenlong Liu ◽  
Shufeng Hao ◽  
Bin Ma ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Anammox Process

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal via a single-stage PN–Anammox process in a novel combined biofilm reactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1483-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-mei Han ◽  
Feng-xia Liu ◽  
Xiao-fei Xu ◽  
Zhuo Yan ◽  
Zhi-jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract This study developed a partial nitrification (PN) and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) process for treating high-ammonia wastewater using an innovative biofilm system in which ammonia oxidizing bacteria grew on fluidized Kaldnes (K1) carriers and Anammox bacteria grew on fixed acryl resin carriers. The airlift loop biofilm reactor (ALBR) was stably operated for more than 4 months under the following conditions: 35 ± 2 °C, pH 7.5–8.0 and dissolved oxygen (DO) of 0.5–3.5 mg/L. The results showed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency reached a maximum of 75% and the total nitrogen removal loading rate was above 0.4 kg/(d·m3). DO was the most efficient control parameter in the mixed biofilm system, and values below 1.5 mg/L were observed in the riser zone for the PN reaction, while values below 0.8 mg/L were observed in the downer zone for the Anammox reaction. Scanning electron microscopy and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization images showed that most of the nitrifying bacteria were distributed on the K1 carriers and most of the Anammox bacteria were distributed within the acryl resin carriers. Therefore, the results indicate that the proposed combined biofilm system is easy to operate and efficient for the treatment of high-ammonia wastewater.

scholarly journals NITROGEN REMOVAL IN THE ANAMMOX BIOFILM REACTOR USING PALM FIBER AS CARRIER IN TROPICAL TEMPERATURE OPERATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini ◽  
Ansiha Nur ◽  
Wina Ermaliza
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Anammox Process

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is the process of converting ammonium directly into nitrogen gas with nitrite as an electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions. This process is more effective than conventional nitrification-denitrification but is very dependent on several parameters, one of which is temperature. The optimum temperature range for the growth of anammox bacteria is 30-400C. The purpose of this research was to determine the efficiency of nitrogen removal by anammox process using palm fibers in the Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor in the tropical temperature. The experiment was conducted at a laboratory scale with a variation of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) 24 h and 12 h using artificial wastewater. The reactor was inoculated with anammox granule genus Candidatus Brocadia. The concentration of ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate in the influent and effluent were measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer based on standard method. Based on the experiment, the ratio ΔNH4+-N:ΔNO2--N and ΔNO3--N:ΔNH4+-N similar with stoichiometric of anammox. The maximum Nitrogen removal performance (NRT) achieved 0.11 kg-N/m3.d at Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR) 0.14 kg-N/m3.d and 0.20 kg-N/m3.d at NLR 0.29 kg-N/m3.d. The removal efficiency for Ammonium Conversion Efficiency (ACE) and Nitrogen Removal Efficiency (NRE) in HRT 24 h were 79% and 76%, respectively while decreased in HRT 12 h were 72% and 69%, respectively. Anammox process can be applied in the tropical temperature at a laboratory scale using a UASB reactor with palm fiber as the carrier.

A one-stage system with partial nitritation and Anammox processes in the moving-bed biofilm reactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Szatkowska ◽  
G. Cema ◽  
E. Plaza ◽  
J. Trela ◽  
B. Hultman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Stage System ◽  
Anammox Process

The ability of bacterial cultures to create biofilm brings a possibility to enhance biological wastewater treatment efficiency. Moreover, the ability of Anammox and Nitrosomonas species to grow within the same biofilm layer enabled a one-stage system for nitrogen removal to be designed. Such a system, with Kaldnes rings as carriers for biofilm growth, was tested in a technical pilot plant scale (2.1 m3) at the Himmerfjärden Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the Stockholm region. The system was directly supplied with supernatant originating from dewatering of digested sludge containing high ammonium concentrations. Nearly 1-year of operational data showed that during the partial nitritation/Anammox process, alkalinity was utilised parallel to ammonium removal. The process resulted in a small pH drop, and its relationship with conductivity was found. The nitrogen removal rate for the whole period oscillated around 1.5 g N m−2d−1 with a maximum value equal to 1.9 g N m−2d−1. Parallel to the pilot plant experiment, a series of batch tests were run to investigate the influence on removal rates of different dissolved oxygen conditions and addition of nitrite. The highest nitrogen removal rate (5.2 g N m−2d−1) in batch tests was obtained when the Anammox process was stimulated by the addition of nitrite. In the simultaneous partial nitritation and Anammox process, the partial nitritation was the rate-limiting step.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Removal from Landfill Leachate by Chemical and Biological Treatment: Process Comparison

2017 ◽  
pp. 655-664
Author(s):  
Andrii Butkovskyi ◽  
Karin Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Anammox Process

The efficiency of nitrogen removal from leachate by different chemical and biological methods was explored. The leachate was derived from Filborna landfill (NSR AB, Helsingborg, Sweden) and was characterized as an old leachate with pH = 8.0 and comparatively low concentrations of nitrogen and organic compounds (ca. 150 mg/l NH4-N and 500 mg/l COD). Three treatment processes were tested in lab-scale experiments; combined nitrification and denitrification in a sequencing-batch reactor (SBR), one-reactor nitritation-anammox process in a moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) in sequencing-batch configuration and nitrogen precipitation in the form of magnesium-ammonium-phosphate (MAP). State-of-the-art of these processes is described. The conventional combined nitrification/denitrification process allowed 99% removal of inorganic nitrogen with 23 mg NH4-N/(l·h) being the highest nitrification rate achieved. Aeration during nitrification step and addition of carbon source according to the stoichiometric ratio for denitrification was required, accounting for the operational costs. The nitritation-anammox process also allowed 99% removal of inorganic nitrogen with 3.7 g NH4- N/(m2·d) being the highest process rate achieved while running the reactor at 25°C and pH 8.0. The process is advantageous in comparison with the conventional biological removal process, as oxygen consumption is lower and addition of carbon source is not required. With MAP precipitation at the optimal Mg:N:P ratio (1.2:1:1) only 78% removal of inorganic nitrogen was achieved. The precipitation process led to a significant increase of phosphorous concentrations in the effluent, while external magnesium and phosphorous sources to be added resulted in high process costs. Detailed descriptions of the processes and obtainedresults are given in the article. Comparing the three processes, conclusions are drawn that it is possible to achieve effluent nitrogen requirements (15 mg N/l) by treatment of leachate with both tested biological processes, but not with MAP precipitation. One-reactor nitritation-anammox would require the lowest operational costs, while MAP precipitation – the highest.

scholarly journals Diversity and abundance of denitrifying bacteria in a simultaneously nitrifying and denitrifying rotating biological contactor treating real wastewater at low temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Ito ◽  
Toru Aoi ◽  
Naoki Miyazato ◽  
Masashi Hatamoto ◽  
Shunji Fuchigami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactor ◽  
Daily Monitoring ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

Abstract Nitrification and denitrification processes occur simultaneously in aerobic wastewater biofilms. Although wide regions of the world have average temperatures of less than 15 °C for a half year, few studies have investigated the nitrogen removal by nitrification and denitrification in a single-stage aerobic biofilm reactor used for treating real wastewater under low-temperature conditions. This study showed successful wastewater treatment in a high average nitrogen removal rate of 78% at low water temperatures by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a rotating biological contactor (RBC) biofilm. Batch operations using the RBC to evaluate the rates of ammonium decrease at low temperatures demonstrated that the rate of ammonium decrease at 8 °C was 76% of that at 20 °C. Daily monitoring of nitrification and denitrification rates suggested that the denitrification rate was highly correlated with the nitrification rate. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis revealed the presence of diverse and abundant denitrifying bacteria and aerobic bacteria in the RBC biofilm more than those in the activated sludge samples, which probably enabled the achievement of the high nitrogen removal rates at such low temperatures. Furthermore, correlation with the colony counts showed that the NGS analysis had the quantification range of three orders of magnitude (from 0.001% to 1%).

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