Stress hyperglycaemia or diabetes mellitus in cervicofacial infections? A Maxillofacial Surgery Trainees Research Collaborative (MTReC) Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Kent ◽  
Basim Dawoud ◽  
Alastair Henry ◽  
Chris McDonald ◽  
Anusha Hennedige ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Stress Hyperglycaemia

scholarly journals Effect of the systemic inflammatory response, as provoked by elective orthopaedic surgery, on HbA1c

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Chadburn ◽  
Elizabeth Garman ◽  
Raad Abbas ◽  
Anu Modupe ◽  
Clare Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Diagnostic Reliability ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Stress Hyperglycaemia ◽  
New Onset

Background In acutely ill patients with new onset hyperglycaemia, plasma glucose cannot reliably distinguish between stress hyperglycaemia and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. We, therefore, investigated the diagnostic reliability of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in acute illness by prospectively evaluating the effect of the systemic inflammatory response, as provoked by elective orthopaedic surgery, on HbA1c. Methods HbA1c and serum C-reactive protein concentrations were compared before and two days after elective knee or hip surgery in 30 patients without diabetes. C-reactive protein was used to assess the systemic inflammatory response. Results The mean (standard deviation) serum C-reactive protein increased following surgery (4.8 [7.5] vs. 179.7 [61.9] mg/L; P<0.0001). HbA1c was similar before and after surgery (39.2 [5.4] vs. 38.1 [5.1] mmol/moL, respectively; P = 0.4363). Conclusions HbA1c is unaffected within two days of a systemic inflammatory response as provoked by elective orthopaedic surgery. This suggests that HbA1c may be able to differentiate newly presenting type 2 diabetes mellitus from stress hyperglycaemia in acutely ill patients with new onset hyperglycaemia.

Serum fructosamine as a marker of 5-year risk of developing diabetes mellitus in patients exhibiting stress hyperglycaemia

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Wahid ◽  
J. Sultan ◽  
G. Handley ◽  
B. O. Saeed ◽  
J. U. Weaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Stress Hyperglycaemia ◽  
Serum Fructosamine

scholarly journals The FREQUENCY OF STRESS HYPERGLYCEMIA AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERGLYCEMIA IN MEDICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-56
Author(s):  
Shahzeb Ahmed Satti ◽  
Abdul Latif Khattak ◽  
Abdul Moueed Tariq ◽  
Sultan Mehmood Majoka ◽  
Arshad Naeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Medical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Stress Hyperglycemia ◽  
Stress Hyperglycaemia ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Medical Intensive Care ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To assess the frequency of stress hyperglycemia and mortality in patients with hyperglycemia admitted in medical Intensive Care Unit. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Medical Intensive Care Unit, Combined Military Hospital Quetta, from Nov 2018 to Jun 2019. Methodology: A total of 150 adult patients of age between 18-80 years, of both genders, with Intensive Care Unit stay >24 hours, who were treated in medical Intensive Care Unit during study period, were included in the study. Those patients with duration of stay <24 hours, paediatric patients, surgical and pregnant patients and those who were on chronic steroid therapy and those who were given TPN and dextrose infusions were excluded. The blood sugar fasting was measured daily and blood sugar random was measured on admission and twice daily. The patients were segregated into three groups: Normoglycemia, Diabetes mellitus and Stress hyperglycaemia. The frequency of patients and outcome of patients in terms of death was observed in all groups. Results: The mean age of study population was 55.02 ± 18.14 years, with 99 (66%) were males while 51 (34%) were females. Among study population 77 (51.3%) had normoglycemia, 46 (30.7%) had Diabetes Mellitus while 27 (18%) had stress hyperglycaemia. Out of 77 patients with normoglycemia 10 (12.9%) died, while number of deaths in patients with diabetes mellitus and stress hyperglycaemia was 21 (45.6%) and 15 (55.5%) respectively. The mean maximum blood glucose in those who survived and died was 214.39 ± 100.69 mg/dl and 295.26 ± 122.60................ 

scholarly journals The role of diabetes mellitus on the formation of severe odontogenic abscesses—a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Kia Rahimi-Nedjat ◽  
Keyvan Sagheb ◽  
Kawe Sagheb ◽  
Maike Hormes ◽  
Christian Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Fasting Blood Sugar ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Type I ◽  
General Group ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii

Abstract Objectives To analyze the correlation of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia with severe odontogenic abscesses. Materials and methods Records of all patients in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University who underwent inpatient treatment for severe odontogenic abscesses between 2010 and 2016 were evaluated retrospectively regarding diabetes anamnesis, maximum and fasting blood sugar count, and duration until discharge. In order to compare the numbers to a general maxillofacial group, all patients who received inpatient treatment in 2013 for any diagnosis other than an abscess of the head and neck region were analyzed as well, and the numbers were correlated. Results In total, 977 abscess patients were found in the analyzed period. 7.0% of the patients had a known diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type II and 0.6% of type I. Correlation with the general group showed that abscesses were significantly more likely in diabetics as well as patients with abnormal maximum and fasting blood sugar counts. These patients also needed significantly longer inpatient treatment. Conclusions Diabetics and patients with abnormal glucose tolerance show significantly higher numbers of severe odontogenic abscesses and might therefore benefit from earlier escalation of antibiotic medication. Clinical relevance Severe odontogenic abscesses are one of the most frequent diagnoses in maxillofacial practice. Adjusting the therapeutic approach for diabetics or patients with abnormal blood sugar counts might help to prevent the development of abscesses.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypertension among Dental Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: An Institutional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2092-2098
Author(s):  
Santhosh Kumar M P ◽  
Arthi Balasubramaniam ◽  
Sushanthi Suresh ◽  
Indumathy Pandiyan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Data Registry ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus and hypertension co-exists in many individuals as the pathogenic relationship between diabetes mellitus and hypertension is actually bidirectional. Extraction of teeth is a common procedure performed in Dentistry and the Co-existence of these systemic diseases in dental patients can cause many complications like delayed wound healing, infection or bleeding during dental extractions. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension among dental patients with diabetes mellitus in south Indian population. A retrospective study was conducted from the data of 6682 dental patients who visited the outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, for dental extractions due to various reasons during the time period from June 2019 – to March 2020. Patients data was retrieved from the institutional digital data registry and statistically analysed. Among 6682 patients who underwent extractions, 904 [13.5%] patients had diabetes mellitus. Among 904 patients with diabetes mellitus, 419 [46.3%] patients had hypertension. Prevalence of hypertension was more in males than females and the results were statistically not significant [p=0.062, (>0.05)]. Prevalence of hypertension was more in 41-50 years age group and the results were statistically significant. [p<0.001, (<0.05)]. According to our study, a high proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing dental extractions had hypertension which can cause increased morbidity and mortality. Males and patients belonging to fifth decade of life were more affected by both diabetes mellitus and hypertension. 

scholarly journals Features of oral immunity indicators in patients with phlegmons of the maxillofacial region against the background of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Shchenin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Mar Index ◽  
And Control

Objective: studying the interrelations of the local oral immunity indicators which allow to predict the severity of phlegmons course in patients with maxillofacial region phlegmons against the background of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. 44 patients were included in this prospective study. The main group: 19 patients with the maxillofacial region phlegmons and the type 2 diabetes mellitus as a concomitant pathology (PH+DM). The comparison group: 20 patients with the maxillofacial region phlegmons with no diabetes mellitus among the concomitant pathologies (PH). The control group: 5 patients were undergoing routine surgical treatment in the maxillofacial surgery department. The groups were comparable in age, gender, and phlegmon treatment (p > 0.05). Levels of the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, the humoral immunity factors and the microbial adsorption reaction (MAR) index to the oral epithelial cells were determined in the saliva of patients on the 1st and 5th days. The obtained data were statistically processed. Results. On the 1st day of hospital treatment the PH+DM group revealed an increase in interleukin-6, a decrease in interleukin-10 and lactoferrin as compared to the PH and control groups (p < 0.05). On the 5th day of the treatment the interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels did not differ between PH+DM and the control groups (p < 0.05). The interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 levels were lower in the PH+DM and PH groups than in the control group on the 5th day (p < 0.05). The lactoferrin level in the PH+DM group was lower than in the PH and control groups (p < 0.05). The significant negative correlation was found between the MAR index values and SOFA (Sequential organ failure assessment score) points in patients with sepsis, R = -0.9 (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The delayed regression of the saliva inflammation indicators was specific for the PH+DM group patients in comparison with the PH group patients. The MAR index below 10% may be a predictor of unfavorable course of the phlegmon development.

scholarly journals A Study on the Relationship of Glycaemic Status with Nature of Lesions in Acute Stroke Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Justin Haobam ◽  
Chingakham Arunkumar ◽  
Konjengbam Ghanachandra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Stress Hyperglycaemia ◽  
Stroke Lesion

Background: Stroke in patients of Diabetes Mellitus is a common complication all over the world. The present study was done with the aim to assess the blood glucose level in acute stroke patients of Manipur and find out any correlation with types, size and prognosis of different glycaemic group. Method: The study was a prospective cross-sectional study of all patients who were admitted as acute stroke in Medicine ward, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur. Clinical parameter including History and clinical examination findings were recorded. CT scan of brain, blood glucose level, HbA1c were taken in all the patients. Results: Of 109 patients of acute stroke patients included in the study, 34 were known cases of Diabetes, 10 were newly detected Diabetes cases summing up to a total of 64 cases of Diabetes, 44 of the cases had stress hyperglycaemia and 21 were euglycaemic. Maximum cases consisted of ischaemic strokes (84.4%) and maximum number of haemorrhagic strokes falls under the known diabetes group.None of the euglycaemic patients had any large sized lesions, maximum of them (89.5%) had small sized lesions. Most of the stress glycaemia patients had medium sized strokes while the known diabetes and newly detected diabetes groups had no case of small sized lesion with the maximum large sized lesions occurring in the known diabetes group (78.9%). Clinical outcome was worst in poor glucose control group with 70.3% fatality in this group while maximum clinical improvement was seen in Non-Diabetics (84.6%) consisting of euglycaemia and stress hyperglycaemia groups. Conclusion: There was a good correlation with admission day hyperglycaemia with the size of the stroke lesion in all cases of stroke. The diabetes especially poor glucose control group is associated with increased size of the stroke lesion, severity and poor clinical outcome. Keywords: Stroke, diabetes mellitus, stress hyperglycaemia, euglycaemia.

Peer Relationship Problems in Children with Tourette's Disorder or Diabetes Mellitus

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry N. Bawden ◽  
Aidan Stokes ◽  
Carol S. Camfield ◽  
Peter R. Camfield ◽  
Sonia Salisbury
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Tourette’S Disorder ◽  
Relationship Problems ◽  
Tourette's Disorder

Intramuscular Nerve and Neuromuscular Junction Alteration In Extraocular Muscles of Diabetic Mice

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Pachter
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Extraocular Muscles ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oculomotor Palsy ◽  
Third Nerve Palsy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve ◽  
Oculomotor Nerves

Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest causes of neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is a heterogeneous group of neuropathic disorders to which patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible; more than one kind of neuropathy can frequently occur in the same individual. Abnormalities are also known to occur in nearly every anatomic subdivision of the eye in diabetic patients. Oculomotor palsy appears to be common in diabetes mellitus for their occurrence in isolation to suggest diabetes. Nerves to the external ocular muscles are most commonly affected, particularly the oculomotor or third cranial nerve. The third nerve palsy of diabetes is characteristic, being of sudden onset, accompanied by orbital and retro-orbital pain, often associated with complete involvement of the external ocular muscles innervated by the nerve. While the human and experimental animal literature is replete with studies on the peripheral nerves in diabetes mellitus, there is but a paucity of reported studies dealing with the oculomotor nerves and their associated extraocular muscles (EOMs).

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