scholarly journals 3D analysis of the osteonal and interstitial tissue in human radii cortical bone

Bone ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 526-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémy Gauthier ◽  
Hélène Follet ◽  
Cécile Olivier ◽  
David Mitton ◽  
Françoise Peyrin
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
3D Analysis

scholarly journals Quantitative 3D analysis of the canal network in cortical bone by micro-computed tomography

2003 ◽  
Vol 274B (1) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M.L. Cooper ◽  
A.L. Turinsky ◽  
C.W. Sensen ◽  
B. Hallgrímsson
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Canal Network

HETEROGENEITY OF TIME-DEPENDENT MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HUMAN CORTICAL BONE AT THE MICRO SCALE

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Jaramillo-Isaza ◽  
Pierre-Emmanuel Mazeran ◽  
Karim El-Kirat ◽  
Marie-Christine Ho Ba Tho
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Femoral Diaphysis ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Micro Scale

Background: Remodeling process affects the mineral content of osteons and imparts heterogeneity through secondary mineralization; the aim of the present study is to assess the elastic and plastic time-dependent mechanical properties of osteons reflecting different mineral content as well as interstitial tissue of human femoral cortical bone by nanoindentation. Methods: Four trapezoiform blocks approximately 3[Formula: see text]mm thick were cut from the distal end of different human femoral diaphysis. Osteons with different apparent mineral degrees were classified by means of gray levels imaging using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). Nanoindentation tests were performed in the longitudinal direction of the bone axis using a four-stage protocol (load-hold-unload-hold) and the experimental curves were fitted by a mechanical model allowing the determination of the time-dependent mechanical properties. Results: Apparent low mineral content impact negatively the mechanical response of bone material at the micro-scale. Mechanical response varies among osteons exhibiting different mineral degrees. The values of the apparent elastic modulus double when the strain rate is analyzed at the extreme values ([Formula: see text] and infinity) whatever the bone component. Conclusions: These results evidence the mechanical heterogeneity of bone microstructure due to remodeling process. The quantification of the time-dependent mechanical properties could be useful to improve numerical models of bone behavior and provide new insights to build up original biomimetic materials.

scholarly journals The use of high-resolution computed tomography to explore age-related trabecular change in human ribs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Mavroudas ◽  
Victoria M Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Age Related

High-resolution computed tomography was used to explore age-related trabecular change in male human ribs ranging in age from 20–95 years (Mean=55 years, SD=21.634 years) from the Texas State Donated Skeletal Collection (TXSTDSC). Two regions of interest (ROIs), midshaft (50%) and anterior (75%) were extracted from each scan to analyze age-related trabecular change. Dragonfly V4.1 was used to isolate cortical bone volumes of interest (VOIs) and three trabecular VOIs for each ROI; one each along the cutaneous cortex, the center of the medullary cavity, and the pleural cortex. Each trabecular VOI was analyzed for bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (TbTh), trabecular spacing (TbSp), connectivity density (Conn.D), and degree of anisotropy (DA), within and between the 50 and 75% ROIs. Overall, the cutaneous VOIs at both the 50% and 75% ROIs exhibited greater BV/TV, TbTh, and Conn.D when compared to the center and pleural VOIs. All results are consistent with expected biomechanical strain on human ribs. Both trabecular variables and cortical bone volume are only weakly associated with age. These results show that 3D analysis of trabecular bone volume does not improve visualization or understanding of trabecular bone changes with age over traditional 2D methods. Future research should incorporate female samples to explore sex-related trabecular change variation.

Fracture analysis of cortical bone under the condition of cement line debonding and osteon pullout

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaogeng Chen ◽  
Wenshuai Wang ◽  
Xing Li
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Cement Line ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Crack Behavior ◽  
Bonding Condition ◽  
Crack Position ◽  
Line Crack ◽  
Reinforced Composite Material

Cortical bone consists of osteons embedded in interstitial bone tissue and there is a thin amorphous interface, named cement line, between osteon and interstitial bone. Due to fatigue and cyclic loading, the pullout or debonding phenomenon often occurs in osteonal and interstitial tissue bone. The study aims to construct a fiber-reinforced composite material debonding model for cortical bone, in which the bonding condition along the osteon, cement line and interstitial tissue bone are assumed to be imperfect. In the study, we used the complex variable method to obtain series representations for stress fields in the osteon, cement line and the interstitial tissue bone with a radial crack. The effects of material properties of osteon and cement line, crack position, and varying degrees of debonding on the fracture behavior were investigated by computing the stress intensity factor (SIF) in the vicinity of the microcrack tips. The investigation results indicated that the cement line was important for controlling the fracture toughening mechanisms and that the level of imperfect bonding among osteon, cement line and interstitial tissue bone had a pronounced effect on the crack behavior and should not be ignored.

scholarly journals Compositional and mechanical properties of growing cortical bone tissue: a study of the human fibula

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Lefèvre ◽  
Delphine Farlay ◽  
Yohann Bala ◽  
Fabien Subtil ◽  
Uwe Wolfram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Indentation Modulus ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Yield Strain ◽  
Adult Bone

AbstractHuman cortical bone contains two types of tissue: osteonal and interstitial tissue. Growing bone is not well-known in terms of its intrinsic material properties. To date, distinctions between the mechanical properties of osteonal and interstitial regions have not been investigated in juvenile bone and compared to adult bone in a combined dataset. In this work, cortical bone samples obtained from fibulae of 13 juveniles patients (4 to 18 years old) during corrective surgery and from 17 adult donors (50 to 95 years old) were analyzed. Microindentation was used to assess the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix, quantitative microradiography was used to measure the degree of bone mineralization (DMB), and Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy was used to evaluate the physicochemical modifications of bone composition (organic versus mineral matrix). Juvenile and adult osteonal and interstitial regions were analyzed for DMB, crystallinity, mineral to organic matrix ratio, mineral maturity, collagen maturity, carbonation, indentation modulus, indicators of yield strain and tissue ductility using a mixed model. We found that the intrinsic properties of the juvenile bone were not all inferior to those of the adult bone. Mechanical properties were also differently explained in juvenile and adult groups. The study shows that different intrinsic properties should be used in case of juvenile bone investigation.

Cortical Bone Model With a Microcrack Under Tensile Loading

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Wenshuai Wang ◽  
Shenghu Ding ◽  
Yaogeng Chen ◽  
Xing Li
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Singular Integral Equations ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Complex Behavior ◽  
Microcrack Propagation ◽  
Biological Composites ◽  
Edge Dislocations

Abstract BackgroundBone is a biological material whose mechanical properties are outstanding. The fracture mechanics research of cortical bone is a major challenge to fully understand the complex behavior of biological composites and for the design of future bioinspired materials. MethodsIn order to characterize the fracture mechanics behavior of cortical bone, the plane problem for the cortical bone with a microcrack located in the interstitial tissue under tensile loading was considered. Using the solution for the continuously distributed edge dislocations as Green's functions, the problem was formulated. ResultsThe singular integral equations with Cauchy kernels were obtained. And the numerical results indicate that the stress intensity factor of the microcrack is dominated by the material constants and the geometric parameters of the cortical bone.ConclusionThe numerical results suggest that a soft osteon promotes the microcrack propagation while stiff one repels it, but this interaction effect is limited near the osteon. Some of the numerical results are in accordance with the results obtained and additional numerical results predicted need to be confirmed.

Direct phase determination in electron crystallography: small organic molecules

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1166-1167
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Dorset
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Phase Determination ◽  
Measured Intensity ◽  
3D Data

The quantitative use of electron diffraction intensity data for the determination of crystal structures represents the pioneering achievement in the electron crystallography of organic molecules, an effort largely begun by B. K. Vainshtein and his co-workers. However, despite numerous representative structure analyses yielding results consistent with X-ray determination, this entire effort was viewed with considerable mistrust by many crystallographers. This was no doubt due to the rather high crystallographic R-factors reported for some structures and, more importantly, the failure to convince many skeptics that the measured intensity data were adequate for ab initio structure determinations.We have recently demonstrated the utility of these data sets for structure analyses by direct phase determination based on the probabilistic estimate of three- and four-phase structure invariant sums. Examples include the structure of diketopiperazine using Vainshtein's 3D data, a similar 3D analysis of the room temperature structure of thiourea, and a zonal determination of the urea structure, the latter also based on data collected by the Moscow group.

Pullout Strength of Screws in Foal Third Metacarpal Bone after Overdrilling a 4.5 mm Hole

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kelly ◽  
G. S. Martin ◽  
D. J. Burba ◽  
S. A. Sedrish ◽  
R. M. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Pullout Strength ◽  
Cancellous Screw ◽  
Bone Screw ◽  
Screw Insertion ◽  
Holding Power ◽  
Cortical Screw ◽  
Metaphyseal Bone

SummaryThe purpose of the study was to determine and to compare the in vitro pullout strength of 5.5 mm cortical versus 6.5 mm cancellous bone screws inserted in the diaphysis and metaphysis of foal third metacarpal (MCIII) bones in threaded 4.5 mm cortical bone screw insertion holes that were then overdrilled with a 4.5 mm drill bit. This information is relevant to the selection of a replacement screw if a 4.5 mm cortical screw is stripped during orthopaedic surgery. In vitro pullout tests were performed in two independent cadaver studies, each consisting of 12 foal MCIII bones. Two 4.5 mm cortical screws were placed either in the mid-diaphysis (study 1) or distal metaphysis (study 2) of MCIII bones. The holes were then overdrilled with a 4.5 mm bit and had either a 5.5 mm cortical or a 6.5 mm cancellous screw inserted; screw pullout tests were performed at a rate of 0.04 mm/s until screw or bone failure occurred.The bone failed in all of the tests in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal bone. The holding power for 6.5 mm cancellous screws was significantly (p <0.05) greater than for 5.5 mm cortical screws in both the diaphysis and metaphysis. There was not any difference in the holding power of screws in either the diaphysis or the metaphysis between proximal and distal screw holes.If a 4.5 mm cortical bone screw strips in MCIII diaphyseal or metaphyseal bone of foals, a 6.5 mm cancellous screw would provide greater holding power than a 5.5 mm cortical screw.In order to provide information regarding selection of a replacement screw if a 4.5 mm cortical screw is stripped, the in vitro pullout strength was determined for 5.5 mm cortical and 6.5 mm cancellous screws inserted in third metacarpal diaphyseal and metaphyseal bone of foals in which threaded 4.5 mm cortical bone screw insertion holes had been overdrilled with a 4.5 mm bit. The holding power of the 6.5 mm cancellous screw was significantly greater than the 5.5 mm cortical screw in both the diaphysis and metaphysis of foal third metacarpal bone. Thus, it appears that if a 4.5 mm cortical screw is stripped during orthopaedic surgery in foals, a 6.5 mm cancellous screw would provide superior holding power.

Glucocorticoid-induced loss of cortical bone is exacerbated during cold-exposure in male mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gado ◽  
M Noll ◽  
A Heinrich ◽  
M Rauner ◽  
LC Hofbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Male Mice
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document