Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancers: Potential Role of Optical Tomography with US Localization in Assisting Diagnosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-152
Author(s):  
M.-Y.L. Su
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Breast Cancers

scholarly journals Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancers: Potential Role of Optical Tomography with US Localization in Assisting Diagnosis

Radiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quing Zhu ◽  
Poornima U. Hegde ◽  
Andrew Ricci ◽  
Mark Kane ◽  
Edward B. Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Breast Cancers

scholarly journals Evaluation of serum ATX and LPA as potential diagnostic biomarkers in patients with pancreatic cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Chen ◽  
Hongyu Li ◽  
Wenda Xu ◽  
Xiaozhong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
The Poor

Abstract Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating disease that has a poor prognosis and a total 5-year survival rate of around 5%. The poor prognosis of PC is due in part to a lack of suitable biomarkers that can allow early diagnosis. The lysophospholipase autotaxin (ATX) and its product lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) play an essential role in disease progression in PC patients and are associated with increased morbidity in several types of cancer. In this study, we evaluated both the potential role of serum LPA and ATX as diagnostic markers in PC and their prognostic value for PC either alone or in combination with CA19-9. Methods ATX, LPA and CA19-9 levels were evaluated using ELISA of serum obtained from PC patients (n = 114) healthy volunteers (HVs: n = 120) and patients with benign pancreatic diseases (BPDs: n = 94). Results Serum levels of ATX, LPA and CA19-9 in PC patients were substantially higher than that for BPD patients or HVs (p < 0.001). The sensitivity of LPA in early phase PC was 91.74% and the specificity of ATX was 80%. The levels of ATX, LPA and CA19-9 were all substantially higher for early stage PC patients compared to levels in serum from BPD patients and HVs. The diagnostic efficacy of CA19-9 for PC was significantly enhanced by the addition of ATX and LPA (p = 0.0012). Conclusion Measurement of LPA and ATX levels together with CA19-9 levels can be used for early detection of PC and diagnosis of PC in general.

scholarly journals The Role of RUNX2 in Osteosarcoma Oncogenesis

Sarcoma ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Martin ◽  
M. Zielenska ◽  
G. S. Stein ◽  
A. J. van Wijnen ◽  
J. A. Squire
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Differentiation ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Biological Heterogeneity ◽  
Runx Proteins ◽  
Osteoblast Maturation

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive but ill-understood cancer of bone that predominantly affects adolescents. Its rarity and biological heterogeneity have limited studies of its molecular basis. In recent years, an important role has emerged for the RUNX2 “platform protein” in osteosarcoma oncogenesis. RUNX proteins are DNA-binding transcription factors that regulate the expression of multiple genes involved in cellular differentiation and cell-cycle progression. RUNX2 is genetically essential for developing bone and osteoblast maturation. Studies of osteosarcoma tumours have revealed that the RUNX2 DNA copy number together with RNA and protein levels are highly elevated in osteosarcoma tumors. The protein is also important for metastatic bone disease of prostate and breast cancers, while RUNX2 may have both tumor suppressive and oncogenic roles in bone morphogenesis. This paper provides a synopsis of the current understanding of the functions of RUNX2 and its potential role in osteosarcoma and suggests directions for future study.

scholarly journals Phytosulfokine Is Involved in Positive Regulation of Lotus japonicus Nodulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Haixiang Yu ◽  
Zhongming Zhang ◽  
Liangliang Yu ◽  
Xiaoshu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Positive Regulation ◽  
Transgenic Hairy Roots ◽  
Exogenous Addition ◽  
Nodule Initiation ◽  
Spontaneous Nodules

Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a tyrosine-sulfated peptide that is widely distributed in plants, participating in cell proliferation, differentiation, and innate immunity. The potential role of PSK in nodulation in legumes has not been reported. In this work, five PSK precursor genes were identified in Lotus japonicas, designated as LjPSK1 to LjPSK5. Three of them (LjPSK1, LjPSK4, and LjPSK5) were found to be expressed in nitrogen-fixing root nodules. LjPSK1 and LjPSK4 were not induced at the early stage of nodulation. Interestingly, while the expression of LjPSK4 was also found in spontaneous nodules without rhizobial colonization, LjPSK1 was not induced in these pseudo nodules. Promoter-β-glucuronidase analysis revealed that LjPSK1 was highly expressed in enlarged symbiotic cells of nodules. Exogenous addition of 1 μM synthetic PSK peptide resulted in increased nodule numbers per plant. Consistently, the number of mature nodules but not the events of rhizobial infection and nodule initiation was increased by overexpressing LjPSK1 in transgenic hairy roots, in which the expression of jasmonate-responsive genes was found to be repressed. These results suggest that PSK is a new peptide signal that regulates nodulation in legumes, probably through cross-talking with other phytohormones.

scholarly journals The potential role for sphingolipids in neuropathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Alessenko
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
The Brain

The review discusses the functional role of sphingolipids in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Certain evidence exist that the imbalance of sphingolipids such as sphingomyelin, ceramide, sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate and galactosylceramide in the brain of animals and humans, in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma of patients with Alzheimer's disease play a crucial role in neuronal function by regulating growth, differentiation and cell death in CNS. Activation of sphingomyelinase, which leads to the accumulation of the proapoptotic agent, ceramide, can be considered as a new mechanism for AD and may be a prerequisite for the treatment of this disease by using drugs that inhibit sphingomyelinase activity. The role of sphingolipids as biomarkers for the diagnosis of the early stage of Alzheimer's disease and monitoring the effectiveness of treatment with new drugs is discussed.

scholarly journals The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Sepsis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Chiche ◽  
Jean-Marie Forel ◽  
Guillemette Thomas ◽  
Catherine Farnarier ◽  
Fréderic Vely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

Severe sepsis and septic shock are still deadly conditions urging to develop novel therapies. A better understanding of the complex modifications of the immune system of septic patients is needed for the development of innovative immunointerventions. Natural killer (NK) cells are characterized as CD3−NKp46+CD56+cells that can be cytotoxic and/or produce high amounts of cytokines such as IFN-γ. NK cells are also engaged in crosstalks with other immune cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. During the early stage of septic shock, NK cells may play a key role in the promotion of the systemic inflammation, as suggested in mice models. Alternatively, at a later stage, NK cells-acquired dysfunction could favor nosocomial infections and mortality. Standardized biological tools defining patients' NK cell status during the different stages of sepsis are mandatory to guide potential immuno-interventions. Herein, we review the potential role of NK cells during severe sepsis and septic shock.

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