Efficient uptake of uranium(VI) by a layered manganese thiophosphite intercalated with NH4+

The uptake of the bile acids cholate (CHA) and taurocholate (TCHA) was studied in isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Both CHA and TCHA were taken up in a concentration- and temperature-dependent manner with optimum temperature at 15 degrees C and a strikingly efficient uptake even at low temperatures (0-5 degrees C). The total uptake was a combination of a saturable [Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) for CHA, 20 microM; Km for TCHA, 19 microM] and a nonsaturable component. The maximal uptake rate of the saturable component was 416 and 805 pmol.mg protein-1.min-1 for CHA and TCHA, respectively. The uptake of both bile acids was shown to be energy dependent, since it was inhibited by the metabolic inhibitors antimycin A, oligomycin and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone. The uptake was clearly Na+ independent, since isosmotic replacement of extracellular Na+ by Li+, choline, or K+ did not inhibit the uptake. Furthermore, it seemed to be independent of the presence of extracellular Cl-, since it was not inhibited by replacement of Cl- with sodium gluconate. On the whole, our results show that the hepatocellular uptake of bile acids in rainbow trout is mediated by a Na(+)-independent carrier system, with characteristics resembling the corresponding transport component in mammalian hepatocytes, but with high efficiency even at low temperatures.

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Front Cover: Hybrid Deep Eutectic Solvents with Flexible Hydrogen-Bonded Supramolecular Networks for Highly Efficient Uptake of NH3 (ChemSusChem 17/2017)

ChemSusChem ◽

10.1002/cssc.201701616 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 3279-3279

Author(s):

Yuhui Li ◽

Mohammad Chand Ali ◽

Qiwei Yang ◽

Zhiguo Zhang ◽

Zongbi Bao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Front Cover ◽

Highly Efficient ◽

Efficient Uptake ◽

Supramolecular Networks ◽

Hydrogen Bonded

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DAP12 Inhibits Pulmonary Immune Responses to Cryptococcus neoformans

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.00222-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 84 (6) ◽

pp. 1879-1886 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lena J. Heung ◽

Tobias M. Hohl

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Nk Cells ◽

Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Content Type ◽

Effector Cells ◽

Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen ◽

Efficient Uptake ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

Cryptococcus neoformansis an opportunistic fungal pathogen that is inhaled into the lungs and can lead to life-threatening meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients. Currently, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the mammalian immune response to respiratory cryptococcal challenge remain poorly defined. DAP12, a signaling adapter for multiple pattern recognition receptors in myeloid and natural killer (NK) cells, has been shown to play both activating and inhibitory roles during lung infections by different bacteria and fungi. In this study, we demonstrate that DAP12 plays an important inhibitory role in the immune response toC. neoformans. Infectious outcomes in DAP12−/−mice, including survival and lung fungal burden, are significantly improved compared to those in C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice. We find that eosinophils and macrophages are decreased while NK cells are increased in the lungs of infected DAP12−/−mice. In contrast to WT NK cells, DAP12−/−NK cells are able to repressC. neoformansgrowthin vitro. Additionally, DAP12−/−macrophages are more highly activated than WT macrophages, with increased production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and CCL5/RANTES and more efficient uptake and killing ofC. neoformans. These findings suggest that DAP12 acts as a brake on the pulmonary immune response toC. neoformansby promoting pulmonary eosinophilia and by inhibiting the activation and antifungal activities of effector cells, including NK cells and macrophages.

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A Novel Recombinant Fcγ Receptor-Targeted Survivin Combines with Chemotherapy for Efficient Cancer Treatment

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9070806 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 806

Author(s):

Chiao-Chieh Wu ◽

Chen-Yi Chiang ◽

Shih-Jen Liu ◽

Hsin-Wei Chen

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Fusion Protein ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Formyl Peptide Receptor ◽

Antigen Delivery ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Fcγ Receptor ◽

Formyl Peptide ◽

Efficient Uptake

Formyl peptide receptor-like 1 inhibitor (FLIPr), an Fcγ receptor (FcγR) antagonist, can be used as a carrier to guide antigen-FLIPr fusion protein to FcγR then enhances antigen-specific immune responses. Survivin, a tumor-associated antigen, is over-expressed in various types of human cancer. In this study, we demonstrate that recombinant survivin-FLIPr fusion protein (rSur-FLIPr) binds to FcγRs, and efficient uptake by dendritic cells in vivo. In addition, rSur-FLIPr alone stimulates survivin-specific immune responses, which effectively suppresses the tumor growth. The antitumor immunities are through TAP-mediated and CD8-dependent pathways. Furthermore, preexisting anti-FLIPr antibody does not abolish antitumor responses induced by rSur-FLIPr immunization. These results suggest that FLIPr is an effective antigen delivery vector and can be repeatedly used. Combination of chemotherapy with rSur-FLIPr treatment reveals a great benefit to tumor-bearing mice. Altogether, these findings suggest that rSur-FLIPr is a potential candidate for efficient cancer therapy.

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An Arabidopsis thaliana high-affinity molybdate transporter required for efficient uptake of molybdate from soil

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.0706373104 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 104 (47) ◽

pp. 18807-18812 ◽

Cited By ~ 141

Author(s):

H. Tomatsu ◽

J. Takano ◽

H. Takahashi ◽

A. Watanabe-Takahashi ◽

N. Shibagaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

High Affinity ◽

Efficient Uptake

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Tropism of Extracellular Vesicles and Cell-Derived Nanovesicles to Normal and Cancer Cells: New Perspectives in Tumor-Targeted Nucleic Acid Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13111911 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1911

Author(s):

Anastasiya Oshchepkova ◽

Oleg Markov ◽

Evgeniy Evtushenko ◽

Alexander Chernonosov ◽

Elena Kiseleva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Mammalian Cells ◽

Cytochalasin B ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Membrane Vesicles ◽

Nucleic Acid Delivery ◽

Isolation And Purification ◽

Cellular Origin ◽

Efficient Uptake

The main advantage of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a drug carrier system is their low immunogenicity and internalization by mammalian cells. EVs are often considered a cell-specific delivery system, but the production of preparative amounts of EVs for therapeutic applications is challenging due to their laborious isolation and purification procedures. Alternatively, mimetic vesicles prepared from the cellular plasma membrane can be used in the same way as natural EVs. For example, a cytoskeleton-destabilizing agent, such as cytochalasin B, allows the preparation of membrane vesicles by a series of centrifugations. Here, we prepared cytochalasin-B-inducible nanovesicles (CINVs) of various cellular origins and studied their tropism in different mammalian cells. We observed that CINVs derived from human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells exhibited an enhanced affinity to epithelial cancer cells compared to myeloid, lymphoid or neuroblastoma cancer cells. The dendritic cell-derived CINVs were taken up by all studied cell lines with a similar efficiency that differed from the behavior of DC-derived EVs. The ability of cancer cells to internalize CINVs was mainly determined by the properties of recipient cells, and the cellular origin of CINVs was less important. In addition, receptor-mediated interactions were shown to be necessary for the efficient uptake of CINVs. We found that CINVs, derived from late apoptotic/necrotic cells (aCINVs) are internalized by in myelogenous (K562) 10-fold more efficiently than CINVs, and interact much less efficiently with melanocytic (B16) or epithelial (KB-3-1) cancer cells. Finally, we found that CINVs caused a temporal and reversible drop of the rate of cell division, which restored to the level of control cells with a 24 h delay.

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Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (Bracken) As an Invasive Species in Permanent Grassland Ecosystems - Possibilities and Methods of Control

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:6501 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dorin PLESA ◽

Gheorghe MIHAI ◽

Nicuşor SIMA ◽

Dan PAVEL ◽

Mihaela MIHAI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pteridium Aquilinum ◽

Good Reduction ◽

Grassland Ecosystems ◽

Mechanical Methods ◽

Wide Range ◽

The World ◽

Efficient Uptake ◽

Uptake Of Nutrients ◽

Spring Sowing ◽

Methods Of Control

. Pteridium species around the world are aggressive, very productive, functionally closer to shrubs than ferns. Their rhizomes, buried deep and rich in starch, allow them to survive repeated fires and their efficient uptake of nutrients allow them to exploit a wide range of soils (McGlone et al., 2005). Mechanical methods. Tillage and cultivation. On lands that are not too steep or rocky, a good reduction in fern coverage can be achieved by plowing from late June to early August. The goal is to plow deep in order to expose the rhizomes, leaving them undisturbed throughout the winter and followed by the spring sowing

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