Halide salts induced the photodegradation of a fat-burning compound 2, 4-dinitrophenol by iron-montmorillonite

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 132694
Author(s):  
Anping Peng ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Lichun Yin ◽  
Zeyou Chen ◽  
Cheng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Halide Salts

Study on Mechanical Properties of AA6351 Alloy Reinforced with Titanium Di-Boride (TiB2) Composite by In Situ Casting Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mohanavel ◽  
K. Rajan ◽  
K.R. Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Aluminum Matrix Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
In Situ Reaction ◽  
Halide Salts ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the present study, an aluminum alloy AA6351 was reinforced with different percentages (1, 3 and 5 wt %) of TiB2 particles and they were successfully fabricated by in situ reaction of halide salts, potassium hexafluoro-titanate and potassium tetrafluoro-borate, with aluminium melt. Tensile strength, yield strength and hardness of the composite were investigated. In situ reaction between the inorganic salts K2TiF6 and KBF4 to molten aluminum leads to the formation of TiB2 particles. The prepared aluminum matrix composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Scanning electron micrographs revealed a uniform dispersal of TiB2 particles in the aluminum matrix. The results obtained indicate that the hardness and tensile strength were increased with an increase in weight percentages of TiB2 contents.

Solvation effects on the conductivity of concentrated electrolyte solutions

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (18) ◽  
pp. 2953-2966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas E. Goldsack ◽  
Raymond Franchetto ◽  
Arlene (Anttila) Franchetto
Keyword(s):  
Activity Coefficient ◽  
Alkali Halide ◽  
Infinite Dilution ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Molar Conductance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solvation Number ◽  
Parameter Equation ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Halide Salts

The Falkenhagen–Leist–Kelbg equation for the conductivity of electrolyte solutions has been extended to include the effect of solvation on the concentration of the salt. Two equations have been derived, both of which have only two freely adjustable parameters at any temperature: Λ0 the molar conductance of the salt at infinite dilution and H0, a solvation number parameter for the salt. In one of these equations H0 is assumed to be independent of concentration. In the other, H0 is assumed to be dependent on concentration and an explicit concentration dependent formula is derived for H0. Conductance data for the alkali halide salts in the 0.5 to 10 m concentration range and 0 to 60 °C temperature range were found to be adequately reproduced by both these equations, but with the variable hydration parameter equation yielding better fits to the data. The H0 parameters from the fixed hydration parameter equation are found to be similar to those obtained from the analysis of activity coefficient and other data whereas the variable hydration parameter equation yields H0 parameters which are much larger.

scholarly journals NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION REACTION OF CYANIDE AND METHOXYDE IONS TO QUATERNARY MANNICH BASE FROM VANILLIN

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-206
Author(s):  
Bambang Purwono ◽  
Estiana R. P. Daruningsih
Keyword(s):  
Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
Mannich Reaction ◽  
Substitution Reaction ◽  
Mannich Base ◽  
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Halide Salt ◽  
Leaving Group ◽  
Dimethyl Amine ◽  
Halide Salts

The nucleophilic substitution reaction to quaternary Mannich base from vanillin has been investigated. Mannich reaction to vanillin was carried out by refluxing mixture of vanillin, formaldehyde and dimethyl amine. Quaternary ammonium halide salt was obtained from reaction of Mannich vanillin base with methyl iodide in THF solvents and yielded 93.28 %. Nucleophilic substituion to the halide salts with cyanide nucleophile produced 4-hidroxy-3-methoxy-5-(cyano)methylbenzaldehyde in 54.39% yield. Reaction with methoxyde ion yielded 4-hydroxy- 3-methoxy-5-(methoxy) -methylbenzaldehyde in 67.80% yield. The nucleophilic substitution reaction showed that trimethylamino substituent of quaternary Mannich base can act as a good leaving group on nucleophilic substitution reactions. Keywords: Mannich reaction, vanillin, nucleophilic substitution

Thermochromism in copper halide salts. 3. Isopropylammonium tribromocuprate(II)

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 2615-2619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrel R. Bloomquist ◽  
Roger D. Willett
Keyword(s):  
Copper Halide ◽  
Halide Salts

Influence of Reaction Temperature for the Manufacturing of Al-3Ti and Al-3B Master Alloys and their Grain Refining Efficiency on a Al-7Si Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Kori ◽  
V. Auradi
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Master Alloy ◽  
Induction Furnace ◽  
Grain Refining ◽  
Refining Efficiency ◽  
Master Alloys ◽  
Halide Salts ◽  
Titanium Fluoride

In the present work binary Al-3Ti and Al-3B master alloys were prepared at different reaction temperatures in an induction furnace by the reaction of halide salts like potassium fluoborate and potassium titanium fluoride with liquid molten Al. The indigenously developed master alloys were used for grain refinement studies of Al-7Si alloy and evaluated for their grain refining ability by CACCA studies. The present results suggest that, the reaction temperature influences the size, size distribution and morphology of the intermetallic (Al3Ti in Al-3Ti, and AlB2/AlB12 in Al-3B) particles present in Al-3Ti and Al-3B master alloys. Grain refinement studies of Al-7Si alloy reveal that, Al-3Ti and Al-3B master alloys prepared at 8000C-60 min. have shown better grain refining efficiency on Al- 7Si alloy when compared to the master alloys prepared at 9000C-60 min and 10000C-60 min respectively. In addition, B-rich Al-3B master alloy shows efficient grain refinement than Ti rich Al- 3Ti master alloy.

scholarly journals Size Controlled Synthesis of Germanium Nanocrystals: Effect of Ge Precursor and Hydride Reducing Agent

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darragh Carolan ◽  
Hugh Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Strong Emission ◽  
Quantum Confinement Effects ◽  
Solution Phase Synthesis ◽  
Germanium Nanocrystals ◽  
High Carrier ◽  
Halide Salts

Germanium nanocrystals (Ge NCs) have attracted increasing attention as a promising alternative to II–VI and IV–VI semiconductor materials as they are cheap, “green,” electrochemically stable, and compatible with existing CMOS processing methods. Germanium is a particularly attractive material for optoelectronic applications as it combines a narrow band gap with high carrier mobilities and a large exciton Bohr radius. Solution-phase synthesis and characterisation of size monodisperse alkyl-terminated Ge NCs are demonstrated. Ge NCs were synthesised under inert atmospheric conditions via the reduction of Ge halide salts (GeX4) by hydride reducing agents within inverse micelles. Regulation of NC size is achieved by variation of germanium precursor and the strength of hydride reducing agents used. UV-Visible absorbance and photoluminescence spectroscopy showed strong significant quantum confinement effects, with moderate absorption in the UV spectral range, and strong emission in the violet with a marked dependence on excitation wavelength.

Facile photochemical synthesis of main-chain-type semifluorinated alternating copolymers catalyzed by conventional amines or halide salts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxue Wang ◽  
Kai Tu ◽  
Jiannan Cheng ◽  
Enjie He ◽  
Jinying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Main Chain ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photochemical Synthesis ◽  
Alternating Copolymers ◽  
Halide Salts ◽  
Chain Type

In this work, we report a much simple and low-cost method to prepare main-chain-type semifluorinated alternating copolymers by the formation of halogen bond (XB) complex between α,ω-diiodoperfluoroalkanes and amines/halide salts....

Hydrohalogenation of Unactivated Alkenes Using a Methanesulfonic Acid/Halide Salt Combination

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Paquin ◽  
Xavier Bertrand ◽  
Pascal Paquin ◽  
Laurent Chabaud
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Alkyl Halides ◽  
Halide Salt ◽  
Acid Halide ◽  
Halide Salts

AbstractThe hydrochlorination, hydrobromination, and hydroiodination of unactivated alkenes using methanesulfonic acid and inorganic halide salts (CaCl2, LiBr, LiI) in acetic acid are reported. This approach uses readily available and inexpensive reagents to provide the alkyl halides in up to 99% yield. An example of deuteriochlorination using deuterated acetic acid as the solvent is also demonstrated.

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