scholarly journals Negative gradient slope methods to improve the separation of closely eluting proteins

2021 ◽  
Vol 1635 ◽  
pp. 461743
Author(s):  
Szabolcs Fekete ◽  
Amarande Murisier ◽  
Jennifer M. Nguyen ◽  
Matthew A. Lauber ◽  
Davy Guillarme
Keyword(s):  
Gradient Slope ◽  
Negative Gradient

scholarly journals Role of social integration in the protection against depression in the Chilean elderly population

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L de Albuquerque Araújo ◽  
N Bello Escamilla ◽  
V Sabando Franulic
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
National Study ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Negative Gradient

Abstract Chile has improved survival however this process occurs under a framework of socioeconomic and gender inequalities, which results in an impact of mental health, especially in vulnerable groups. The objective was to determine the association between depression and social integration in Chilean older adults. Cross-sectional study from the National Study of Dependence in Old Person 2010. The risk of depression was amount with Geriatric Depression Scale (>5). The social integration were quantity as frequency of meeting with close relatives (child, partner, daughter/ son-in-law, grandchildren); with other relatives (brother, brothers-in-law, nephews or other relatives) and with friends and neighbors in the last 12 months in 5 categories (never visit; less frequently; 1-2 times a month; 1-2 times a week; every day or almost). Logistic regression models considered the sampling design of the survey to identify association with odd ratio (OR) (never as reference category), adjustment for sex, age, ethnicity, household income, education, housing arrangement and chronic diseases (p ≤ 0,5). Total of 4179 older adults 25,3% reported risk of depression, the significative association with close relatives was in daily or almost frequency OR:0.42 (95%CI 0.27-0.67), 1-2 times a week OR: 0,57 (95%CI 0,33-0,99), 1-2 times/month OR: 0,56 (95%CI 0,99); other relatives were lower frequency OR: 0.54 (95%CI 0.38-0.78); 1-2 times/month OR; 0.50 (95%CI 0.31-0.81); 1-2 times/week OR:0.35 (95%CI 0.22-0.55); daily or almost OR:0.27 (95%CI 0.18-0.42). And meeting with friends and neighbors in the same frequency order were OR: 0.66 (95%CI 0.44-0.99); OR:0.43 (95%CI 0.26-0.73); OR:0.4 (95%CI 0.25-0.62); OR: 0.32 (95%CI 0.21-0.47). There is a negative gradient between depression and the frequency of meeting with friends, neighbors and family, independent of sociodemographic and health characteristics. Social integration must be promoted as a protective factor of mental health in elderly. Key messages Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses in old age and we found a negative gradient between the frequency of meeting friends, neighbors and family and the possibility of depression. It seems essential for public health to have strategies that address social life in old age to strengthen quality of live and mental health.

scholarly journals UV Monochromatic Imaging of the Protoplanetary Nebula Hen 3-1475 Using HST STIS

Galaxies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Xuan Fang ◽  
Martín Guerrero ◽  
Ana Castro ◽  
Jesús Toalá ◽  
Bruce Balick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Monochromatic Imaging ◽  
Protoplanetary Nebula ◽  
Low Dispersion ◽  
Negative Gradient

Collimated outflows and jets play a critical role in shaping planetary nebulae (PNe), especially in the brief transition from a spherical AGB envelope to an aspherical PN, which is called the protoplanetary nebula (pPN) phase. We present UV observations of Hen 3-1475, a bipolar pPN with fast, highly collimated jets, obtained with STIS on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The deep, low-dispersion spectroscopy enabled monochromatic imaging of Hen 3-1475 in different UV nebular emission lines; this is the first of such attempt ever conducted for a pPN. The northwest inner knot (NW1) is resolved into four components in Mg ii λ 2800. Through comparison analysis with the HST optical narrowband images obtained 6 yr earlier, we found that these components of NW1 hardly move, despite of a negative gradient of high radial velocities, from −1550 km s - 1 on the innermost component to ∼−300 km s - 1 on the outermost. These NW1 knot components might thus be quasi-stationary shocks near the tip of the conical outflow of Hen 3-1475.

Isotope Fractionation due to Sedimentation of Atoms in Centrifuged Indium-Lead Alloy

2009 ◽  
Vol 289-292 ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Ono ◽  
Yusuke Iguchi ◽  
Satoru Okayasu ◽  
Fumitaka Esaka ◽  
Katsura Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Centrifugal Force ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Isotope Abundance ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Negative Gradient

The atomic-scale graded structure of In-Pb alloy was formed by an ultracentrifuge under a gravitational field of 0.81 x 106 g for 100 hours at 150 °C in solid state. The isotope ratio measurements were performed on the centrifuged sample with secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS, CAMECA IMS-6f). 206Pb/208Pb and 207Pb/208Pb isotope ratio changed with negative gradient in the direction of centrifugal force approximately 1.5% and 0.8%, respectively. There was a tendency that the heavy 208Pb isotope abundance increased and the light 206Pb isotope abundance decreased in the direction of centrifugal force. Three-isotope diagram of 206Pb/208Pb versus 207Pb/208Pb proved that the isotope fractionation depends on the isotopic mass difference. These results showed that a strong gravitational field not only affected the inter-diffusion but also the self-diffusion in this alloy by causing isotope fractionation effect, which was dependent on the mass-difference.

On the polynomial entropy for morse gradient systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-624
Author(s):  
Jelena Katić ◽  
Milan Perić
Keyword(s):  
Metric Space ◽  
Singular Set ◽  
Compact Metric Space ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Gradient Systems ◽  
Continuous Map ◽  
Negative Gradient

Abstract We adapt the construction from [HAUSEUX, L.—LE ROUX, F.: Polynomial entropy of Brouwer homeomorphisms, arXiv:1712.01502 (2017)] to obtain an easy method for computing the polynomial entropy for a continuous map of a compact metric space with finitely many non-wandering points. We compute the maximal cardinality of a singular set of Morse negative gradient systems and apply this method to compute the polynomial entropy for Morse gradient systems on surfaces.

Circulating galanin: origin, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics in anesthetized pigs

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. E52-E57
Author(s):  
H. Harling ◽  
J. J. Holst
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Distribution Space ◽  
Metabolic Clearance Rate ◽  
Concentration Difference ◽  
Arterial Plasma ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Apparent Distribution ◽  
Negative Gradient

The concentration of galanin-like immunoreactivity (GAL-LI) was 12.9 +/- 0.9 pmol/l in porcine arterial plasma (n = 9) and ranged from 1 to 14 pmol/g in extracts of porcine gastrointestinal tract (n = 5), the colon being the richest gut segment. A significant (P less than 0.05) arteriovenous concentration difference of circulating endogenous GAL-LI occurred across the kidney (15.1 +/- 2.3 vs. 6.2 +/- 0.5 pmol/l) and a hind leg (15.7 +/- 2.5 vs. 10.2 +/- 1.0 pmol/l), whereas a negative gradient was observed across the intestine (12.5 +/- 2.0 vs. 17.7 +/- 3.3 pmol/l) of anesthetized pigs. Passage through the brain, liver, or lungs did not change the concentration of endogenous GAL-LI significantly. During basal circumstances, the major source of circulating GAL-LI is therefore the gut. During infusion of 20 pmol.kg-1.min-1 of synthetic porcine galanin, a significant extraction occurred across the kidney (64.8 +/- 4.3%), hind leg (20.3 +/- 3.8%), and liver (19.7 +/- 4.3%). The overall metabolic clearance rate was 37.8 +/- 3.7 ml.min-1.kg-1. The half-life of galanin in plasma was 4.6 +/- 0.3 min, and the apparent distribution space was 255.6 +/- 31.4 ml/kg. Incubation studies in vitro showed that the concentration of galanin, added to blood and plasma at 37 degrees C, was halved in 1 h, unless stabilized with EDTA and aprotinin.

Compaction Wave Propagation in Layered Cellular Materials Under Air-Blast

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minzu Liang ◽  
Xiangyu Li ◽  
Yuliang Lin ◽  
Fangyun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Equal Mass ◽  
Propagation Direction ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Air Blast ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Compaction Waves ◽  
Negative Gradient

The propagation of compaction waves in layered cellular material subjected to air-blast is analyzed to examine the mechanism of compaction wave and reveal the phenomena that develop at the interface between the cellular layers. Similar to the previous studies of cellular materials under dynamic loading, the topology of cellular materials is neglected and homogeneous properties are assumed. The rigid-perfectly plastic-locking (R-PP-L) material idealization and the simple shock theory are employed to analyze the compaction situations. Analytical solutions for compaction wave propagation of double-layer cellular materials with two gradient-arrangements under air-blast loading have been worked out. The densification wave occurs at the blast end and then gradually propagates to the distal end for layers’ densities increase in the propagation direction (positive gradient). While compaction waves simultaneously form in both layers and propagate to the distal end in the same direction for the negative gradient. The finite element (FE) models using the Voronoi technique are carried out with practical aluminum foam to verify the predictions of the theoretical analysis. The potential of layered cellular materials to design efficient structural components under air-blast load is discussed, which would outperform their corresponding single counterpart with equal mass.

scholarly journals Globular Clusters, Dwarf Galaxies, and the Assembly of the M87 Halo

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (S317) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Eric W. Peng ◽  
Hong-Xin Zhang ◽  
Chengze Liu ◽  
Yiqing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Galaxy Cluster ◽  
Virgo Cluster ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Massive Galaxies ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Gradient

AbstractAt the center of the nearest galaxy cluster, the Virgo cluster, lies the massive cD galaxy, M87 (NGC 4486). Using data from the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey, we investigate the relationship between M87, its globular clusters (GCs), and satellite dwarf galaxies. We find that the kinematics of GCs and ultra-compact dwarfs (UCDs) are different, indicating that UCDs are not simply massive GCs. We also identify a morphological sequence of envelope fraction around UCDs correlated with cluster-centric distance that suggest UCDs are the result of tidal stripping. Lastly, we find that the [α/Fe] abundance ratios of low-mass early-type galaxies in Virgo exhibit a strong negative gradient within ~ 400 kpc of M87, where the galaxies closest to M87 have the highest values. These satellite galaxies are likely the surviving counterparts of accreted dwarfs that contribute stars to the metal-poor, α-rich stellar halos of massive galaxies. Together, these results describe a dense environment that has had a strong and continuing impact on the evolution of its low-mass neighbors.

Medical Image Compressed Sensing Reconstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 4835-4838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Xia Yan ◽  
Yan Jun Liu ◽  
Yu Ming Sun
Keyword(s):  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Compressed Sensing ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Gradient Projection ◽  
Sparse Reconstruction ◽  
Image Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Gradient Direction ◽  
Medical Image Reconstruction ◽  
Negative Gradient

In order to improve the speed of compressed sensing image reconstruction algorithm, a two step rapid gradient projection for sparse reconstruction in medical image reconstruction is proposed. in traditional gradient projection for sparse reconstruction algorithm, the searching direction is alternate between the negative gradient direction when the direction is ill, the searching speed is slow. Now we search with two step gradient projection, the speed is increased when meets the ill-condition. Compared with the original GPSR algorithm, the TSGPSR algorithm not only accelerate the speed of operation, but also improves the accuracy of the reconstruction. and exhibits higher robustness under different noise intensities.

A New Hybrid Algorithm of Trust Region Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 442-446
Author(s):  
De Qing Zhang ◽  
Pei Pei Zhou ◽  
Qing Hua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Trust Region ◽  
Acute Angle ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Interaction Point ◽  
Trust Region Algorithms ◽  
Value Range ◽  
One Step ◽  
Current Interaction ◽  
Negative Gradient

In the solution of trust region subproblem within the classical trust region algorithms, the centre of sphere is the current interaction point and one step-size is the upper bound. Considering that only with the negative gradient direction to acute angle may reduce the function value, we introduce the parameter to control of the centre of sphere and the radius. Based on the numerical experiments, obtains the value range of the parameter. The numerical evaluation demonstrates the validity of the new trust region algorithms.

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