Simultaneous study on energy consumption and emission generation for an ethylene plant under different start-up strategies

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 68-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Fu ◽  
Qiang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Ethylene Plant ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Simultaneous Study

Design of Vacuum System of Steam Jet Bursting Unit for Chestnut Shell

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1685-1688
Author(s):  
Xi Nan Dang ◽  
Qiao Fu Chen ◽  
Li Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Jet Pump ◽  
Waste Gas ◽  
System A ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Chestnut Shell ◽  
Bursting Process

According to the vacuum bursting process for fresh chestnut shell and requirements for relevant vacuum system, a vacuum system of steam jet pump was designed with a start-up jet pump attached to it. Of which the waste gas from ejector was used for reheating in the bursting process to lead the vacuum bursting unit to run more reliably and stably with efficiency improved and energy consumption reduced. The rate of bursting came up to 95% in the process test.

scholarly journals Reduction of Energy Consumption for Tire Test Room

2021 ◽  
Vol 2120 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
M Z N M Ghazali ◽  
D T K Tien ◽  
S C Lim ◽  
K R Sarmin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Test Room ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption ◽  
Simulated Analysis

Abstract This article presents a software-implemented 3-dimensional simulated analysis of a 4-tire test room and the 6-tire test room. The results of the average performance through the simulated analysis of 100 iterations were obtained. The simulation showed the temperature distribution in the test rooms. This objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of the start-up process in each test room and to find the most efficient setup. A promising improvement would be to install the heaters at the bottom of the room under the drums instead of at the ceiling. The results of the simulation will be compared to the data of temperature logging of the tire test rooms once there is availability upon the lifting of the Covid pandemic lockdown restrictions.

scholarly journals Conceptual methods of starting and controlling operating modes of compressorless combined cycle gas turbine unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Mikhail Sinkevich ◽  
Eldar Ramazanov ◽  
Anatoliy Kosoy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Steady State Mode ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Temperature State ◽  
Nominal Mode

A method for operation study of a compressorless combined-cycle gas turbine (CCCGT) unit during transients from one steady-state mode to another, including during start-up and shutdown, is proposed. As an example, studies of the transients of an energy complex with a capacity of 60 MW are given. A variant of an algorithm concept for start/stop and transients of such an energy complex is proposed. This concept includes algorithms for starting from the three initial states of the energy complex (cold, hot and standby). For these algorithms, the time and energy consumption characteristics are estimated. It is shown that from a cold state, such an energy complex can be started and brought to the nominal mode in 1.5-2 hours. At the same time, the energy costs will not exceed energy consumption for its own needs in a nominal mode. The start-up time from the hot state can be reduced to 20-25 minutes, and the start-up from the standby state can be 2.5-3 minutes. The proposed concept of control algorithms for transient modes is such, so that a temperature state of the main components and parts of the energy complex is provided at a constant temperature. Thus, the time of transients will be determined only by the speed of the regulatory authorities. Consequently, power systems operating on the CCCGT cycle can operate equally efficiently, both in the basic mode and in the power control mode.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT LEVEL OF THE SPEED OF MIXING BODY OF ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (52) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
N. Zablodskiy ◽  
◽  
М. Spodoba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Electromechanical System ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Biogas Reactors

Purpose. Today, biomass fermentation in biogas plants is one of the most advanced, environmentally and economically viable solutions for energy production from waste. However, the process of anaerobic digestion of waste is long, so the main process of intensification is mixing. Analysis of well-known studies of domestic and foreign scientists indicates the urgency of reducing energy consumption for the mixing process. The aim of the study is to determine the energy-efficient speed of a paddle stirrer with blades set at an angle of 450 for small biogas reactors. Methodology. At the decision of the set tasks the general methods of physics, three-dimensional modeling, processing and visualization of the received results in the SolidWorks Flow Simulation and Wolfram Mathematica programs are applied. Results. Using 3D modeling, the influence of the stirrer speed on the picture of the distribution of the velocity vectors of the substrate flows in the biogas reactor was studied. Graphs of power consumption at the beginning of mixing for different stirrer speeds were obtained and analyzed, and the levels of energy consumed for mixing biomass during the start-up period and the whole mixing period were compared. A method for determining the energy efficient rotation speed of the stirring mechanism of the electromechanical system of biogas reactors is proposed. Practical value. The results can be used in the construction and modernization of biogas plants to reduce energy consumption of the substrate mixing process. Conclusion. Based on the research, it was concluded that for a paddle two-tier mixer with blades set at an angle of 450 energy-efficient speed, is 40 rpm. At this speed, careful and intensive mixing of the biomass is observed throughout the volume of the tank. The average velocity of flow vectors in the biomass volume is 0,273 m/s. The energy consumed per cycle of biomass mixing is 2471,3 J, and the percentage of energy consumed during the start-up period from the energy consumed during the entire mixing period is 0,62 %. References 19, figures 5.

scholarly journals Statistical evaluation of tablet coating processes: influence of pan design and solvent type

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-664
Author(s):  
Valdomero Pereira de Melo Junior ◽  
Raimar Löbenberg ◽  
Nádia Araci Bou-Chacra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Process Yield ◽  
Solvent Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Simultaneous Study ◽  
Time And Energy

Partially and fully perforated pan coaters are among the most relevant types of equipment currently used in the process of coating tablets. The goal of this study was to assess the performance differences among these types of equipment employing a factorial design. This statistical approach allowed the simultaneous study of the process variables and verification of interactions among them. The study included partially-perforated and fully-perforated pan coaters, aqueous and organic solvents, as well as hypromellose-based immediate-release coating. The dependent variables were process time, energy consumption, mean weight of tablets and process yield. For the tests, placebo tablets with a mean weight of 250 mg were produced, divided into eight lots of two kilograms each and coated in duplicate, using both partially perforated pan and fully perforated pan coaters. The results showed a significant difference between the type of equipment used (partially and fully perforated pan coaters) with regard to process time and energy consumption, whereas no significant difference was identified for mean weight of the coated tablets and process yield.

Optimization of the Thermal Request Profiles of Buildings Connected With a Large District Heating Network

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Verda ◽  
Elisa Guelpa ◽  
Giulia Barbero ◽  
Francesco Brundu ◽  
Andrea Acquaviva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Central Area ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Start Up

Thermal storage is very important in modern district heating networks in order to increase the share of waste heat and heat produced through renewable sources and cogeneration. The role of thermal storage is even more important in the case of Mediterranean areas, where climate and user behavior cause high peak requests in the morning. Nevertheless the installation of large storage volumes is not always feasible, especially in dense urban areas, therefore alternative options are investigated. One of these options is virtual storage. This consists in proposing changes to the thermal request profiles of some of the connected buildings, in order to obtain a peak shaving, which is an effect similar to that obtained using storage. To perform such approach there are two crucial elements: 1) an advanced ICT solution able provide real time information about the thermal request of the buildings and the thermodynamic conditions at the thermal substations; 2) a detailed thermo fluid-dynamic model of the district heating network able to simulate the temperature evolution along the network as the function of time. Using physical models it is possible to examine the effects, obtained by modifying the thermal request of users, on the total load of the thermal plants feeding the network. In particular, the model is applied to the analysis of changes in the start-up time of the buildings as well as possible pauses during the day. The start-up strategy should not produce significant effects on the building temperatures, so that acceptable comfort standard can be guaranteed. This is checked using a compact model of the buildings which parameters are obtained through data measured at the thermal substations. These changes in the request profiles usually involve a larger heat request. Nevertheless, peak shaving is accompanied by a reduction in heat generation of boilers and an increase in the thermal production of efficient systems, such as cogeneration units. This results in a significant reduction in the primary energy consumption. The goal of the analysis is to find the optimal start-up strategy in order to minimize the primary energy consumption at the thermal plants. An application to the Turin district heating network, which is the largest network in Italy, is presented. In particular, a subnetwork connecting the main transport network to about 100 buildings located in the central area of the town is considered. The analysis if performed in selected days where the optimization was conducted the day before on the basis of weather forecasts and then applied to the network. Despite the changes in the request profiles could be applied only to a limited number of buildings, the analysis show that the peak request can be reduced. Simulations performed considering the application of changes to a larger number of buildings show that reduction in the primary energy consumptions of the order of 1.25% can be obtained.

scholarly journals Reduction of Induction Motor Energy Consumption via Variable Velocity and Flux References

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Resa ◽  
Domingo Cortes ◽  
Juan Francisco Marquez-Rubio ◽  
David Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Stator Current ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Energy Expense ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

Induction motors (IM) have been a fundamental part of industrial applications for over a century and the number of their applications continues to expand. A significant amount of the world’s total energy expense is consumed by this kind of motor. Hence, it is very important to increase the energy efficiency of these machines. Due to its good performance, field-oriented control (FOC) is the most common strategy to control IM. FOC requires references for stator current and rotor magnetic fluxes. For velocity regulation, a velocity reference is used instead of a stator current reference. However, at motor start-up or when a change of torque is required, it would be convenient for these references to be variable in order to reduce energy consumption. In this work, it is shown that this is indeed the case, and a technique to find optimal time-variable references for stator currents and magnetic rotor fluxes to reduce energy consumption is proposed. It is shown that, depending on the mechanical load, an energy reduction of 20–45% can be achieved.

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