scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT LEVEL OF THE SPEED OF MIXING BODY OF ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (52) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
N. Zablodskiy ◽  
◽  
М. Spodoba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Electromechanical System ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Biogas Reactors

Purpose. Today, biomass fermentation in biogas plants is one of the most advanced, environmentally and economically viable solutions for energy production from waste. However, the process of anaerobic digestion of waste is long, so the main process of intensification is mixing. Analysis of well-known studies of domestic and foreign scientists indicates the urgency of reducing energy consumption for the mixing process. The aim of the study is to determine the energy-efficient speed of a paddle stirrer with blades set at an angle of 450 for small biogas reactors. Methodology. At the decision of the set tasks the general methods of physics, three-dimensional modeling, processing and visualization of the received results in the SolidWorks Flow Simulation and Wolfram Mathematica programs are applied. Results. Using 3D modeling, the influence of the stirrer speed on the picture of the distribution of the velocity vectors of the substrate flows in the biogas reactor was studied. Graphs of power consumption at the beginning of mixing for different stirrer speeds were obtained and analyzed, and the levels of energy consumed for mixing biomass during the start-up period and the whole mixing period were compared. A method for determining the energy efficient rotation speed of the stirring mechanism of the electromechanical system of biogas reactors is proposed. Practical value. The results can be used in the construction and modernization of biogas plants to reduce energy consumption of the substrate mixing process. Conclusion. Based on the research, it was concluded that for a paddle two-tier mixer with blades set at an angle of 450 energy-efficient speed, is 40 rpm. At this speed, careful and intensive mixing of the biomass is observed throughout the volume of the tank. The average velocity of flow vectors in the biomass volume is 0,273 m/s. The energy consumed per cycle of biomass mixing is 2471,3 J, and the percentage of energy consumed during the start-up period from the energy consumed during the entire mixing period is 0,62 %. References 19, figures 5.

Numerical Simulation of Start-Up Jets in a Mixing Chamber

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenzhou Lian ◽  
Dmytro M. Voytovych ◽  
Guoping Xia ◽  
Charles L. Merkle
Keyword(s):  
Transient Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Grid Refinement ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Parametric Analyses ◽  
Transient Mixing

Numerical simulations of a transient flow of helium injected into an established background flow of nitrogen were carried out to identify the dominant features of the transient mixing process between these two dissimilar gases. The geometry of interest is composed of two helium slots on either side of a central nitrogen channel feeding into a ‘two-dimensional’ mixing chamber. Simulations were accomplished on both two- and three-dimensional grids using an unsteady DES approach. Results are compared with experimental measurements of species distributions. Unsteady 2-D solutions give a reasonable qualitative picture of the transient mixing process in the middle of the chamber and enable cost-effective parametric analyses and grid refinement studies. The 2-D solutions also provide quantitative estimates of representative characteristic times to guide the 3-D calculations. The 3-D solutions give a reasonable approximation to span-wise events.

scholarly journals ACCOUNTING FOR THE INFLUENCE OF THE BUILDING SHAPE ON ITS ENERGY EFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
M.V. Rubtsova ◽  
◽  
Е.Е. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Building Shape

The influence of building plan configurations in relation to their spatial characteristics on their energy consumption is considered. The article substantiates the relevance of the research of space-planning solutions of building forms, taking into account energy efficiency. As the object of research, the authors selected the most common three-dimensional configurations of building forms, taking into account energy efficiency. Examples of the analysis of the main space-planning parameters of the building and the prerequisites for their influence on its heat loss are considered with the provided graphic materials that allow you to find out the dependence of the change in the area of enclosing structures on the change in the floor area. This comparison is carried out in order to determine an energy-efficient and rationally arranged space-planning solution, taking into account the principles of energy saving for the construction of buildings.

scholarly journals Influence of Environmental Conditions on Methanogenic Compositions in Anaerobic Biogas Reactors

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitar Karakashev ◽  
Damien J. Batstone ◽  
Irini Angelidaki
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Biogas Reactors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The influence of environmental parameters on the diversity of methanogenic communities in 15 full-scale biogas plants operating under different conditions with either manure or sludge as feedstock was studied. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to identify dominant methanogenic members of the Archaea in the reactor samples; enriched and pure cultures were used to support the in situ identification. Dominance could be identified by a positive response by more than 90% of the total members of the Archaea to a specific group- or order-level probe. There was a clear dichotomy between the manure digesters and the sludge digesters. The manure digesters contained high levels of ammonia and of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and were dominated by members of the Methanosarcinaceae, while the sludge digesters contained low levels of ammonia and of VFA and were dominated by members of the Methanosaetaceae. The methanogenic diversity was greater in reactors operating under mesophilic temperatures. The impact of the original inoculum used for the reactor start-up was also investigated by assessment of the present population in the reactor. The inoculum population appeared to have no influence on the eventual population.

Numerical Simulation of Start-Up Jets in a Mixing Chamber

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenzhou Lian ◽  
Dmytro M. Voytovych ◽  
Guoping Xia ◽  
Charles L. Merkle
Keyword(s):  
Transient Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Local Point ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow ◽  
Reduced Dimension ◽  
Transient Mixing

Numerical simulations of the transient flow of helium injected into an established background flow of nitrogen were carried out to identify the dominant features of the transient mixing process between these two dissimilar gases. The geometry of interest is composed of two helium slots on either side of a central nitrogen channel feeding into a rectangular mixing chamber that was experimentally designed to give “two-dimensional” flow. Simulations were accomplished on both two- and three-dimensional grids. The 3D solutions employ an unsteady DES approach, while the 2D results are based upon a reduced dimension, “DES-like” method. Results are compared with quantitative experimental measurements of species distributions both in terms of contour plots and local point measurements. The 2D solutions give a reasonable qualitative picture of the transient mixing process in the center of the chamber while also providing quantitative estimates of representative characteristic times for guiding the 3D calculations. The 3D solutions give a reasonable approximation to span-wise variations observed in the experiment.

scholarly journals The Urban Car Body Design for “Energy Efficient Car Contest 2019” using Quality Function Deployment

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Fajrin Nurul Falah ◽  
Gilang Purnama Adi ◽  
Cindy Saraswati ◽  
Hari Prasetyo ◽  
Muchamad Djunaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Body Design ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Critical Components

The Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta team seeks to develop an urban-concept car to participate in the KMHE 2019. The KMHE (Energy Efficient Car Contest) is a competition for students to create safe, economical and environmentally friendly vehicles held by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia. One of the most critical components of a car is the body. The body should be able to protect the driver, and its specifications affect the vehicle's performance. Thus, this research is performed to obtain a sound body design. In designing the body, a three-dimensional visual design modeling using Solidworks 2016 is performed. The specifications of the body are following the KMHE regulations. Afterwards, mass calculation and flow simulation are performed to evaluate the performance of the design. The results are the total body mass is 38.35 kg, and the airflow on the body surface is dominated by laminar flow.

Network Energy Consumption Models and Energy Efficient Algorithms

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fa ZHANG ◽  
Antonio Fernandez Anta ◽  
Lin WANG ◽  
Chen-Ying HOU ◽  
Zhi-Yong LIU
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Efficient Algorithms

Performance Analysis of Energy Efficient Opportunistic Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premkumar Chithaluru ◽  
Rajeev Tiwari ◽  
Kamal Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Wireless Medium ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

Background: Energy Efficient wireless routing has been an area of research particularly to mitigate challenges surrounding performance in category of Wireless Networks. Objectives: The Opportunistic Routing (OR) technique was explored in recent times and exhibits benefits over many existing protocols and can significantly reduce energy consumption during data communication with very limited compromise on performance. Methods : Using broadcasting nature of the wireless medium, OR practices to discourse two foremost issues of variable link quality and unpredictable node agility in constrained WSNs. OR has a potential to reduce delay in order to increase the consistency of data delivery in network. Results : Various OR based routing protocols have shown varying performances. In this paper, a detailed conceptual and experimental analysis is carried out on different protocols that uses OR technique for providing more clear and definitive view on performance parameters like Message Success Rate, Packet Delivery Ratio and Energy Consumption.

A Split Network based Routing Approach in Wireless Sensor Network to Enhance Network Stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardeep S. Saini ◽  
Dinesh Arora
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Network Stability ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Ch Selection

Background & Objective: The operating efficiency of a sensor network totally relies upon the energy that is consumed by the nodes to perform various tasks like data transmission etc. Thus, it becomes mandatory to consume the energy in an intelligent way so that the network can run for a long period. This paper proposed an energy efficient Cluster Head (CH) selection mechanism by considering the distance to Base Station (BS), distance to node and energy as major factors. The concept of volunteer node is also introduced with an objective to reduce the energy consumption of the CH to transmit data from source to BS. The role of the volunteer node is to transmit the data successfully from source to destination or BS. Conclusion: The results are observed with respect to the Alive nodes, dead nodes and energy consumption of the network. The outcome of the proposed work proves that it outperforms the traditional mechanisms.

Energy Efficient Clustering and Routing Algorithm for WSN

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Kumar ◽  
Sonu Mittal ◽  
Md. Amir Khusru Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Relay Node ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering ◽  
Hot Spot Problem

Background: This paper presents a novel Energy Efficient Clustering and Routing Algorithm (EECRA) for WSN. It is a clustering-based algorithm that minimizes energy dissipation in wireless sensor networks. The proposed algorithm takes into consideration energy conservation of the nodes through its inherent architecture and load balancing technique. In the proposed algorithm the role of inter-cluster transmission is not performed by gateways instead a chosen member node of respective cluster is responsible for data forwarding to another cluster or directly to the sink. Our algorithm eases out the load of the gateways by distributing the transmission load among chosen sensor node which acts as a relay node for inter-cluster communication for that round. Grievous simulations show that EECRA is better than PBCA and other algorithms in terms of energy consumption per round and network lifetime. Objective: The objective of this research lies in its inherent architecture and load balancing technique. The sole purpose of this clustering-based algorithm is that it minimizes energy dissipation in wireless sensor networks. Method: This algorithm is tested with 100 sensor nodes and 10 gateways deployed in the target area of 300m × 300m. The round assumed in this simulation is same as in LEACH. The performance metrics used for comparisons are (a) network lifetime of gateways and (b) energy consumption per round by gateways. Our algorithm gives superior result compared to LBC, EELBCA and PBCA. Fig 6 and Fig 7 shows the comparison between the algorithms. Results: The simulation was performed on MATLAB version R2012b. The performance of EECRA is compared with some existing algorithms like PBCA, EELBCA and LBCA. The comparative analysis shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other existing algorithms in terms of network lifetime and energy consumption. Conclusion: The novelty of this algorithm lies in the fact that the gateways are not responsible for inter-cluster forwarding, instead some sensor nodes are chosen in every cluster based on some cost function and they act as a relay node for data forwarding. Note the algorithm does not address the hot-spot problem. Our next endeavor will be to design an algorithm with consideration of hot-spot problem.

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