Analysis of water droplet penetration in earth plasters using X-ray microtomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 122651
Author(s):  
T. Mauffré ◽  
E. Keita ◽  
E. Contraires ◽  
F. McGregor ◽  
A. Fabbri
Keyword(s):  
Water Droplet ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Droplet Penetration

Direct Visualization of the Behavior and Shapes of the Nanoscale Menisci of an Evaporating Water Droplet on a Hydrophilic Nanotextured Surface via High-Resolution Synchrotron X-ray Imaging

Langmuir ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (19) ◽  
pp. 6460-6467
Author(s):  
Dong In Yu ◽  
Seungwoo Doh ◽  
Ho Jae Kwak ◽  
Jiwoo Hong ◽  
Narayan Pandurang Sapkal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Direct Visualization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

Effect of oxygen deprivation on soil hydrophobicity during heating

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bryant ◽  
S. H. Doerr ◽  
M. Helbig
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Oxygen Deprivation ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Soil Hydrophobicity ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Penetration Time ◽  
Droplet Penetration ◽  
Heating Duration

Previous studies of the effects of heating on soil hydrophobicity have been conducted under free availability of oxygen. Under fire, however, soils may be deprived of oxygen due to its consumption at the heat source and inadequate replenishment in the soil. In the present study, effects of heating on soil hydrophobicity are examined for three initially hydrophobic Australian eucalypt forest soils under standard and oxygen-deprived atmospheres for temperatures (T) of 250–600°C and durations (tE) 2–180 min. Hydrophobicity assessments using water droplet penetration time (WDPT) tests indicate substantial differences between the absence and presence of oxygen. Heating to 250–300°C enhanced hydrophobicity from initial respective WDPTs of 2029 s, 361 s and 15 s to > 18 000 s for all samples under both atmospheres. Depending on heating duration, hydrophobicity was eliminated (WDPTs ~0 s) in air between 210 and 340°C, but under oxygen-deprived conditions between 400 and 510°C. Relationships between the destruction temperature for hydrophobicity TD and tE provide temperature–duration thresholds below which hydrophobicity persists under oxygen concentrations <21%. As established temperature–duration thresholds for hydrophobicity destruction are based on the free availability of oxygen, caution is advised in their applicability to field situations where heating under burning may occur in oxygen-depleted conditions.

Measurements of Water Droplet Behavior in Gas Diffusion Layer of PEFC using X-Ray CT and Substance Microscope

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Ippei Suzuma ◽  
Eiji Ejiri ◽  
Masaki Hirono ◽  
Masato Takimoto ◽  
Masakazu Yoneda
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Layer ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Gas Diffusion Layer ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Droplet Behavior

Probing homogenous ice nucleation within supercooled bulk water droplet in "no man's land" with an ultrafast X-ray laser

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartawan Laksmono ◽  
Trevor A. McQueen ◽  
Jonas A. Sellberg ◽  
Congcong Huang ◽  
N. Duane Loh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Droplet ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Ice Nucleation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
No Man's Land

Laser Texturing of Plasma Electrolytically Oxidized Aluminum 6061 Surfaces for Improved Hydrophobicity

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Yilbas ◽  
A. Matthews ◽  
C. Karatas ◽  
A. Leyland ◽  
M. Khaled ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
High Water ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Laser Surface Texturing ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
X Ray

Laser surface texturing of plasma electrolytically oxidized aluminum 6061 alloy has been carried out through a controlled surface ablation under a high pressure nitrogen gas assistance. Morphological and metallurgical changes in the laser-treated region were examined using optical, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction phase analysis. The hydrophobicity of the textured surface was assessed through water droplet contact angle measurements. It was found that a dense layer with a nanotexture/microtexture is developed at the surface after the laser treatment process. The assessment of the surface characteristics reveals that a superhydrophobic surface results from the laser treatment process; in which case, high water droplet contact angles are measured over the treated surface, which can be explained by known models of texture-induced superhydrophobicity.

Pyrogenic Evidence in Paleosols along the North Saskatchewan River in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1238-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Dormaar ◽  
L. E. Lutwick
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
The North ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Vertical Sections ◽  
Droplet Penetration

Vertical sections of paleosols along the Upper North Saskatchewan River valley show horizons that have distinct brown to reddish-brown colors. Based on such criteria as time for water droplet penetration, magnetic susceptibility, and crystallization of Fe oxides, together with present conditions and vegetation of the fans and floodplain in that area, it was concluded that these brown horizons were fire-affected. The organic debris in the bogs before a fire is continually being enriched with silt blowing from the floodplain. The colored horizons are considered to be a combination of accessed eolian matter reddened in the layer of burning debris and some mineral matter reddened by conducted heat.

A Novel Biomimetic Nanocomposite Exhibiting Petal Wetting Phenomenon: Fabrication and Experimental Investigations

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adithya Lenin ◽  
Pandurangan Arumugam ◽  
Aruna Prakasa Rao ◽  
Angayarkanny Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Contact Angle Hysteresis ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Boron Nitride Nanotubes ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Droplet Penetration

Abstract A functional composite material that simultaneously exhibits hydrophobicity and water droplet adhesion has monumental potential in controlling fluid flow, studying phase separation, and biological research. This article reports the fabrication of a petal wetting biomimetic Boron Nitride Nanotubes (BNNTs) -Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposite achieved by drop casting. The petal effect was investigated by non-destructive techniques. The nanotubes were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition at 1150 °C and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The mean diameter of the nanotubes was found to be 70 nm. The nanocomposites had BNNT fillers ranging from 0.5 wt. % to 2 wt. %. Water contact angles for pure PDMS polymer was 94.7° and for the 2 wt. % BNNT-PDMS nanocomposite was 132.4°. The petal wetting nanocomposite displayed a characteristic trait of high contact angle hysteresis. The surface roughness parameters of the nanocomposites were determined by atomic force microscopy. Laser scanning confocal microscopy aided in analyzing the droplet penetration and in observing the trapped air between the water droplet and the nanocomposite surface. Based on surface observations, roughness parameters, and the extent of droplet penetration by the surface, we shed light on the Cassie impregnating wetting regime followed by the biomimetic nanocomposite. Such a surface would be beneficial in the study of the embryogenesis of cells and aid in moisture collection.

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