Investigation of mutagenic effects of gibberellic acid and 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic acid by Salmonella Ames test

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. S98
Author(s):  
Sevilay Yapıcı ◽  
Güven Uraz ◽  
Ebru Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

scholarly journals Sensitivity of plant and bacterial test systems in detecting of mutagenic effects of oil pollution

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Petimat M Djambetova ◽  
Nina V Reutova
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Plant Test ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
By Products

The plant test system soybean (Glycine max. (L.) Merill) line T219 turned out to be more sensitive than standart Ames test for evaluation of the mutagenic effect of soil, contaminated by products of combustion and domestic cottage processing of oil. It is preferable to use plant test systems for such investigations because they are more sensitive, simple and inexpensive in comparison with microbial ones.

Superoxide dismutase protects against paraquat-mediated dioxygen toxicity and mutagenicity: studies in Salmonella typhimurium

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1367-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosni M. Hassan ◽  
Carmella S. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Oxygen Free Radicals ◽  
Chromosomal Breaks ◽  
Oxygen Sensitive ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Paraquat is univalently reduced to the relatively stable, but oxygen-sensitive, paraquat radical (PQ∙+). This PQ∙+ can react with dioxygen to generate the superoxide radical, which can further generate other more deleterious species of oxygen free radicals (i.e., hydroxyl radical, OH∙). These oxygen free radicals are known to cause chromosomal breaks; therefore, it was logical to postulate that paraquat is a mutagen. This proved to be the case when tested in a modified Ames test using a liquid incubation assay. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 were grown in the presence of various concentrations of PQ, as well as in the presence of known mutagenic compounds: mitomycin C, azide, and proflavine. Paraquat was much more toxic and mutagenic in a simple nutritionally restricted medium than in a rich complex medium and these toxic and mutagenic effects were oxygen dependent. Furthermore, cells containing high levels of superoxide dismutase were more resistant to the toxic and mutagenic effects of paraquat than were cells containing a normal level of this enzyme.

scholarly journals Characterization and Quantification of Compounds in the Hydroalcoholic Extract of the Leaves fromTerminalia catappaLinn. (Combretaceae) and Their Mutagenic Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Mininel ◽  
Carlos Sérgio Leonardo Junior ◽  
Lívia Greghi Espanha ◽  
Flávia Aparecida Resende ◽  
Eliana Aparecida Varanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Calibration Standard ◽  
Hyphenated Techniques ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
External Calibration ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
C Nmr

Terminaliais a genus of Combretaceous plants widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Thus, the aim of this study was to quantify the majority compounds of the hydroalcoholic extract (7 : 3, v/v) of the leaves fromT. catappaby HPLC-PDA, chemically characterize by hyphenated techniques (HPLC-ESI-IT-MSn) and NMR, and evaluate its mutagenic activity by theSalmonella/microsome assay onS. typhimuriumstrains TA98, TA97a, TA100, and TA102. The quantification of analytes was performed using an external calibration standard. Punicalagin is the most abundant polyphenol found in the leaves. The presence of this compound as a mixture of anomers was confirmed using HPLC-PDA and1H and13C NMR. Mutagenic activity was observed in strains TA100 and TA97a. As the extract is a complex mixture of punicalagin, its derivatives, and several other compounds, the observed mutagenicity may be explained in part by possible synergistic interaction between the compounds present in the extract. These studies show that mutagenic activity ofT. catappain the Ames test can only be observed when measured at high concentrations. However, considering the mutagenic effects observed forT. catappa, this plant should be used cautiously for medicinal purposes.

Genotoxicity of Aqueous Extract From Heated Cooking Oils and its Suppression by Lactobacilli

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Isidori ◽  
A. Parrella
Keyword(s):  
Ames Test ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Sos Response ◽  
Smoke Point ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Sos Chromotest ◽  
Genotoxic Activity ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Double Heat Treatment

In the present study the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of aqueous extracts from six cooking oils (extra vergine olive, peanut, sunflower, soybean, corn, and various seeds oils) heated to the respective smoke point were investigated. The Ames test and the SOS Chromotest were carried out for this evaluation. The same oils were also tested after their re-frying, simulating domestic reuse process. Furthermore, the ability of different lactobacilli to reduce the potential genotoxic activity of the fried and re-fried oils was determined applying SOS Chromotest after co-incubation of samples with lactobacilli. The results showed that all the fried oils did not produce mutagenic effects while they induced a SOS response with the highest induction factor for the corn oil. Double heat-treatment caused an increase of the genotoxic activity until two times the first heating. The most susceptible oil to the re-frying procedure was the sunflower oil. The antigenotoxicity results were expressed as percent of genotoxicity inhibition. All the tested strains of lactobacilli exhibited antigenotoxic properties on the fried oils.

scholarly journals Genotoxicity of triiodothyronine: Effects on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and human lymphocytes in vitro

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-397
Author(s):  
Jasna Bosnjak-Neumüller ◽  
Ninoslav Djelic ◽  
Milena Radakovic ◽  
Stoimir Kolarevic ◽  
Dragana Mitic-Culafic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Mutation Assay

There is increasing evidence that substances which are normally present in human or animal bodies may, under the certain circumstances, exhibit deleterious effects on genetic material, therefore acting as endogenous mutagenic agents. Since hormones represent one of the best studied endogenous mutagens, some research focused on the possible role of thyroid hormone in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Indeed, thyroid hormones accelerate aerobic metabolism and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, therefore, may exhibit mutagenic effects in various test systems on mammalian cells. However, possible mutagenic effects on prokaryotic DNA has not been investigated so far. Hence, the aim of this research was to compare the sensitivity of TA 100 Salmonella typhimurium with and without metabolic activation with S9 fraction, and human lymphocytes to possible genotoxic effects of triiodothyronine (T3). Therefore, we used the reverse mutation assay on S. typhimurium (Ames test) and in vitro Comet assay in isolated peripheral blood human lymphocytes. In both tests-systems a broad spectrum of T3 concentrations was applied. The obtained results showed absence of genotoxic effects of T3 in bacterial reverse mutation assay and very profound genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes at concentrations higher than 15 ?M. We only observed cytotoxic effects in bacterial system at very high T3 concentrations (300 and 500 ?M). In conclusion, T3 was unable to increase the level of reverse mutations in Ames test both with and without S9 mix. Therefore, it seems that ROS production in mitochondria may be the primary cause of DNA damage caused by T3 in mammalian cells.

Assessment of Mutations Induced by Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet Treatment Relative to Known Mutagens in Escherichia coli

Mutagenesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany L Patenall ◽  
Hollie J Hathaway ◽  
Maisem Laabei ◽  
Amber E Young ◽  
Naing T Thet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Abstract The main bactericidal components of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) are thought to be reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and UV radiation, both of which have the capacity to cause DNA damage and mutations. Here, the mutagenic effects of CAP on Escherichia coli were assessed in comparison to X- and UV-irradiation. DNA damage and mutagenesis were screened for using a diffusion-based DNA fragmentation assay and modified Ames test respectively. Mutant colonies obtained from the latter were quantitated and sequenced. CAP was found to elicit a similar mutation spectrum to X-irradiation, that did not resemble that for UV implying that CAP produced RONS are more likely the mutagenic component of CAP. CAP treatment was also shown to promote resistance to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Our data suggest that CAP treatment has mutagenic effects that may have important phenotypic consequences.

scholarly journals Genotoxic properties of some organophosphate pesticides

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
О.В. Егорова ◽  
Н.А. Илюшина ◽  
Н.С. Аверьянова ◽  
Л.А. Кара ◽  
Ю.В. Демидова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ames Test ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Organophosphate Pesticides ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Mammalian Erythrocyte ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

С использованием теста Эймса и микроядерного теста in vivo на эритроцитах млекопитающих изучена генотоксичность некоторых фосфорорганических пестицидов, применяемых в сельском хозяйстве. Технические продукты хлорпирифоса и диазинона не проявляли генотоксичности ни в условиях in vitro, ни in vivo. Выявлены слабые мутагенные эффекты диметоата на штаммах бактерий. Некоторые технические продукты глифосата, диметоата, а также пиримифос-метил индуцировали цитогенетические нарушения у мышей линии CD-1. Наблюдаемые эффекты in vivo были низкими даже на уровне максимальных переносимых доз, поэтому все исследованные фосфорорганические пестициды могут быть отнесены к 3 или 4 классам опасности по критерию «мутагенность» согласно принятой в Российской Федерации классификации. The genotoxicity of some organophosphate pesticides applied in agriculture was studied using the Ames test and the mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test in vivo. Technical grade active ingredients (TGAI) of chlorpyrifos and diazinon did not show genotoxicity either in vitro or in vivo. The weak mutagenic effects of dimethoate were revealed with bacterial strains. Some TGAIs of glyphosate, dimethoate, and pyrimifos-methyl induced cytogenetic abnormalities in CD-1 mice. The observed effects in vivo were low even at the maximum tolerated doses. Therefore, according to the pesticide hygienic classification adopted in the Russian Federation all studied organophosphate pesticides can be assigned a 3 or 4 class of hazard upon the criterion “mutagenicity”.

scholarly journals Amylenes Do Not Lead to Bacterial Mutagenicity in Contrast to Structurally Related Epoxides

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Götz A. Westphal ◽  
Carolin Tüshaus ◽  
Christian Monsé ◽  
Nina Rosenkranz ◽  
Thomas Brüning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parent Strain ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Gas Tight

Amylenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons (C5H10), such as 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 2-methyl-but-1-en (3-methyl-1-butene), 2-methyl-but-2-en (isopentene), and 3-methyl-but-1-en. We investigated bacterial mutagenicity of 1-pentene, 2-pentene, and 3-methyl-but-1-en in the Ames test. 2-Pentene was investigated as racemate and as pure diastereomers. We included the methyltransferase deficientSalmonellaTyphimurium strain YG7108 and the application of a gas-tight preincubation to reduce the risk of false negative results. 1,2-Epoxypentane which may arise from 1-pentene was used as positive control. None of the investigated amylenes showed mutagenic effects, whereas 1,2-epoxypentane was mutagenic exceeding 100 μg per plate. An exceptional high reverse mutation in the negative control plates in the experiments with 1,2-epoxypentane was obviously caused by evaporation into the incubator which was shown by placing the control plates in a separate apparatus. No differences were seen upon use of YG7108 and its parent strain TA1535. In conclusion, 1,2-epoxypentane is most probably not a substrate of the deleted bacterial methyltransferases. The comparison of the bacterial mutagenicity of the investigated amylenes and 1,2-epoxipentane suggests that epoxidation of amylenes in the S9-mix does not proceed effectively or is counterbalanced by detoxifying reactions. The assessment of mutagenic effects of short chained aliphatic epoxides can be underestimated due to the evaporation of these compounds.

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