Vowel-specific mismatch responses in the anterior superior temporal gyrus: An fMRI study

The present study investigated the neural bases of phonological onset competition using an eye tracking paradigm coupled with fMRI. Eighteen subjects were presented with an auditory target (e.g., beaker) and a visual display containing a pictorial representation of the target (e.g., beaker), an onset competitor (e.g., beetle), and two phonologically and semantically unrelated objects (e.g., shoe, hammer). Behavioral results replicated earlier research showing increased looks to the onset competitor compared to the unrelated items. fMRI results showed that lexical competition induced by shared phonological onsets recruits both frontal structures and posterior structures. Specifically, comparison between competitor and no-competitor trials elicited activation in two nonoverlapping clusters in the left IFG, one located primarily within BA 44 and the other primarily located within BA 45, and one cluster in the left supramarginal gyrus (SMG) extending into the posterior superior temporal gyrus. These results indicate that the left IFG is sensitive to competition driven by phonological similarity and not only to competition among semantic/conceptual factors. Moreover, they indicate that the SMG is not only recruited in tasks requiring access to lexical form but is also recruited in tasks that require access to the conceptual representation of a word.

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Weighted RSA: an improved framework on the perception of audio-visual affective speech in left insula and superior temporal gyrus

10.1101/2020.08.31.276485 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Junhai Xu ◽

Haibin Dong ◽

Fei Guo ◽

Zeyu Wang ◽

Jianguo Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Visual Modality ◽

Speech Stimuli ◽

Multimodal Interactions ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Left Posterior ◽

Dynamic Facial Expressions ◽

Posterior Insula ◽

Conjunction Analysis ◽

Left Insula

AbstractBeing able to accurately perceive the emotion expressed by the facial or verbal expression from others is critical to successful social interaction. However, only few studies examined the multimodal interactions on speech emotion, and there is no consistence in studies on the speech emotion perception. It remains unclear, how the speech emotion of different valence is perceived on the multimodal stimuli by our human brain. In this paper, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study with an event-related design, using dynamic facial expressions and emotional speech stimuli to express different emotions, in order to explore the perception mechanism of speech emotion in audio-visual modality. The representational similarity analysis (RSA), whole-brain searchlight analysis, and conjunction analysis of emotion were used to interpret the representation of speech emotion in different aspects. Significantly, a weighted RSA approach was creatively proposed to evaluate the contribution of each candidate model to the best fitted model. The results of weighted RSA indicated that the fitted models were superior to all candidate models and the weights could be used to explain the representation of ROIs. The bilateral amygdala has been shown to be associated with the processing of both positive and negative emotions except neutral emotion. It is indicated that the left posterior insula and the left anterior superior temporal gyrus (STG) play important roles in the perception of multimodal speech emotion.

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Psychophysiological interaction between superior temporal gyrus (STG) and cerebellum: An fMRI study

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/694/1/012055 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 694 ◽

pp. 012055

Author(s):

A N Yusoff ◽

X L Teng ◽

S B Ng ◽

A I A Hamid ◽

S Z M Mukari

Keyword(s):

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Psychophysiological Interaction

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Brain Regions Involved in Underlying Syntactic Processing of Mandarin Chinese Intransitive Verbs: An fMRI Study

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11080983 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 983

Author(s):

Xin Wang ◽

Shiwen Feng ◽

Tongquan Zhou ◽

Renyu Wang ◽

Guowei Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mandarin Chinese ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Syntactic Processing ◽

Neural Processing ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Intransitive Verbs ◽

Syntactic Properties ◽

Passive Verbs

According to the Unaccusative Hypothesis, intransitive verbs are divided into unaccusative and unergative ones based on the distinction of their syntactic properties, which has been proved by previous theoretical and empirical evidence. However, debate has been raised regarding whether intransitive verbs in Mandarin Chinese can be split into unaccusative and unergative ones syntactically. To analyze this theoretical controversy, the present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare the neural processing of deep unaccusative, unergative sentences, and passive sentences (derived structures undergoing a syntactic movement) in Mandarin Chinese. The results revealed no significant difference in the neural processing of deep unaccusative and unergative sentences, and the comparisons between passive sentences and the other sentence types revealed activation in the left superior temporal gyrus (LSTG) and the left middle frontal gyrus (LMFG). These findings indicate that the syntactic processing of unaccusative and unergative verbs in Mandarin Chinese is highly similar but different from that of passive verbs, which suggests that deep unaccusative and unergative sentences in Mandarin Chinese are both base-generated structures and that there is no syntactic distinction between unaccusative and unergative verbs in Mandarin Chinese.

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Abnormal causal connectivity of left superior temporal gyrus in drug-naïve first- episode adolescent-onset schizophrenia: A resting-state fMRI study

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging ◽

10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111330 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111330

Author(s):

Hailong Lyu ◽

Jianping Jiao ◽

Guoxun Feng ◽

Xinxin Wang ◽

Bin Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

First Episode ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Drug Naïve

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The neural correlates of ideation in product design engineering practitioners

Design Science ◽

10.1017/dsj.2019.27 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

L. Hay ◽

A. H. B. Duffy ◽

S. J. Gilbert ◽

L. Lyall ◽

G. Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Product Design ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Design Engineering ◽

Functional Requirements ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Design Engineers ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Fmri Analysis ◽

The Right ◽

Creative Ideation

In product design engineering (PDE), ideation involves the generation of technical behaviours and physical structures to address specific functional requirements. This differs from generic creative ideation tasks, which emphasise functional and technical considerations less. To advance knowledge about the neural basis of PDE ideation, we present the first fMRI study on professional product design engineers practising in industry. We aimed to explore brain activation during ideation, and compare activation in open-ended and constrained tasks. Imagery manipulation tasks were contrasted with ideation tasks in a sample of 29 PDE professionals. The key findings were: (1) PDE ideation is associated with greater activity in left cingulate gyrus; (2) there were no significant differences between open-ended and constrained tasks; and (3) a preliminary association with activity in the right superior temporal gyrus was also observed. The results are consistent with existing fMRI work on generic creative ideation, suggesting that PDE ideation may share a number of similarities at the neural level. Future work includes: functional connectivity analysis of open-ended and constrained ideation to further investigate potential differences; investigating the effects of aspects of design expertise/training on processing; and the use of novelty measures directly linked to the designer’s internal processing in fMRI analysis.

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Bilateral Frontal Activation Associated with Cutaneous Stimulation of Elixir Field: An fMRI Study

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x06003771 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 34 (02) ◽

pp. 207-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Agnes S. Chan ◽

Mei-Chun Cheung ◽

Yu Leung Chan ◽

David K. W. Yeung ◽

Wan Lam

Keyword(s):

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

The Body ◽

Attention And Memory ◽

External Stimulation ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Postcentral Gyrus ◽

Cortical Regions ◽

Neurophysiological Basis ◽

Stimulation Of

Elixir Field, or Dan Tian, is the area where energy is stored and nourished in the body according to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Although Dan Tian stimulation is a major concept in Qigong healing and has been practiced for thousands of years, and while there are some recent empirical evidence of its effect, its neurophysiological basis remains unknown. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study brain activations associated with external stimulation of the lower Elixir Field in ten normal subjects, and compared the results with the stimulation of their right hands. While right-hand stimulation resulted in left postcentral gyrus activation, stimulation of the lower Elixir Field resulted in bilateral activations including the medial and superior frontal gyrus, middle and superior temporal gyrus, thalamus, insula, and cingulate gyrus. These findings suggest that stimulation of the Elixir Field is not only associated with activation of the sensory motor cortex but also with cortical regions that mediate planning, attention, and memory.

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Altered Brain Activation in Early Drug-Naive Parkinson’s Disease during Heat Pain Stimuli: An fMRI Study

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2015/273019 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ying Tan ◽

Juan Tan ◽

Cheng Luo ◽

Wenjuan Cui ◽

Hui He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Heat Pain ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Contact Heat ◽

Central Nervous System Dysfunction ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Pain Stimuli

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and nonmotor signs and symptoms. To date, many studies of PD have focused on its cardinal motor symptoms. To study the nonmotor signs of early PD, we investigated the reactions solicited by heat pain stimuli in early untreated PD patients without pain using fMRI. The activation patterns of contact heat stimuli (51°C) were assessed in 14 patients and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Patients with PD showed significant decreases in activation of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and insula compared with controls. In addition, a significant relationship between activation of the insula and STG and the pain scores was observed in healthy controls but not in PD. This study provided further support that the insula and STG are important parts of the somatosensory circuitry recruited during the period of pain. The hypoactivity of the STG and insula in PD implied that functions including affective, cognitive, and sensory-discriminative processes, which are associated with the insula and STG, were disturbed. This finding supports the view that leaving early PD untreated could be tied directly to central nervous system dysfunction.

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Modulation of brain activity by selective attention to audiovisual dialogues

10.1101/781344 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alina Leminen ◽

Maxime Verwoert ◽

Mona Moisala ◽

Viljami Salmela ◽

Patrik Wikman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Selective Attention ◽

Semantic Processing ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Real Life ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Visual Quality ◽

Angular Gyrus ◽

Facial Movements ◽

Fmri Study ◽

The Right

AbstractIn real-life noisy situations, we can selectively attend to conversations in the presence of irrelevant voices, but neurocognitive mechanisms in such natural listening situations remaiin largely unexplored. Previous research has shown distributed activity in the mid superior temporal gyrus (STG) and sulcus (STS) while listening to speech and human voices, in the posterior STS and fusiform gyrus when combining auditory, visual and linguistic information, as well as in lefthemisphere temporal and frontal cortical areas during comprehension. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we investigated how selective attention modulates neural responses to naturalistic audiovisual dialogues. Our healthy adult participants (N = 15) selectively attended to video-taped dialogues between a man and woman in the presence of irrelevant continuous speech in the background. We modulated the auditory quality of dialogues with noise vocoding and their visual quality by masking speech-related facial movements. Both increased auditory quality and increased visual quality were associated with bilateral activity enhancements in the STG/STS. In addition, decreased audiovisual stimulus quality elicited enhanced fronto-parietal activity, presumably reflecting increased attentional demands. Finally, attention to the dialogues, in relation to a control task where a fixation cross was attended and the dialogue ignored, yielded enhanced activity in the left planum polare, angular gyrus, the right temporal pole, as well as in the orbitofrontal/ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate gyrus. Our findings suggest that naturalistic conversations effectively engage participants and reveal brain networks related to social perception in addition to speech and semantic processing networks.

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