Sedentary behaviour, physical activity and dietary patterns are independently associated with the metabolic syndrome

Modification of lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, is the primary approach for metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy. The aim of this study was to estimate how individual nutrition intervention affects the reduction of MetS components. Subjects diagnosed with MetS were recruited in the Lomza Medical Centre. The study group consisted of 90 participants and was divided into one intervention group (individual nutrition education group (INEG)) and one control group (CG). The research was conducted over 3 months. The following measurements were obtained during the first visit and after completion of the 3 months intervention: body mass, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and blood lipids. Dietary assessments were performed before and post-intervention using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary knowledge was evaluated with the KomPAN questionnaire. The total polyphenol content of the diet was calculated. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected from a self-reported questionnaire. The physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It was found that the individual nutrition education was an effective method to improve the knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity of the study participants. The modification of the diet in terms of higher intake of polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins), fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA n-3, and lower intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) had a significant impact on the improvement of some MetS risk factors (waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL-cholesterol).

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The effect of leisure time physical activity and sedentary behaviour on the health of workers with different occupational physical activity demands: a systematic review

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-021-01166-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie A. Prince ◽

Charlotte Lund Rasmussen ◽

Aviroop Biswas ◽

Andreas Holtermann ◽

Tarnbir Aulakh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Occupational Physical Activity ◽

Protocol Registration

Abstract Background Although it is generally accepted that physical activity reduces the risk for chronic non-communicable disease and mortality, accumulating evidence suggests that occupational physical activity (OPA) may not confer the same health benefits as leisure time physical activity (LTPA). It is also unclear if workers in high OPA jobs benefit from LTPA the same way as those in sedentary jobs. Our objective was to determine whether LTPA and leisure time sedentary behaviour (LTSB) confer the same health effects across occupations with different levels of OPA. Methods Searches were run in Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, ProQuest Public Health and Scopus from inception to June 9, 2020. Prospective or experimental studies which examined the effects of LTPA or LTSB on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal pain, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, arrhythmias and depression among adult workers grouped by OPA (low OPA/sitters, standers, moderate OPA/intermittent movers, high OPA/heavy labourers) were eligible. Results were synthesized using narrative syntheses and harvest plots, and certainty of evidence assessed with GRADE. Results The review includes 38 papers. Across all outcomes, except cardiovascular mortality, metabolic syndrome and atrial fibrillation, greater LTPA was consistently protective among low OPA, but conferred less protection among moderate and high OPA. For cardiovascular mortality and metabolic syndrome, higher levels of LTPA were generally associated with similar risk reductions among all OPA groups. Few studies examined effects in standers and none examined effects of LTSB across OPA groups. Conclusions Evidence suggests that LTPA is beneficial for all workers, but with larger risk reductions among those with low compared to high OPA jobs. This suggests that, in our attempts to improve the health of workers through LTPA, tailored interventions for different occupational groups may be required. More high-quality studies are needed to establish recommended levels of LTPA/LTSB for different OPA groups. Protocol registration PROSPERO #CRD42020191708.

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Effectiveness of a Community-Based Physical Activity and Nutrition Behavior Intervention on Features of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders ◽

10.1089/met.2016.0113 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 63-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Van Dinh Tran ◽

Anthony P. James ◽

Andy H. Lee ◽

Jonine Jancey ◽

Peter A. Howat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Behavior Intervention ◽

Community Based ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Nutrition Behavior ◽

Cluster Randomized

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Comparison of two exploratory dietary patterns in association with the metabolic syndrome in a Northern German population

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114514002098 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 112 (8) ◽

pp. 1364-1372 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Janett Barbaresko ◽

Sabine Siegert ◽

Manja Koch ◽

Imke Aits ◽

Wolfgang Lieb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Processed Meat ◽

German Population ◽

Food Groups ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Diet is related to many chronic disease conditions such as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We set out to compare behaviour-related with disease-related patterns and their association with the MetS in a German cross-sectional study. A total of 905 participants of a Northern German cohort (aged 25–82 years) completed a FFQ, underwent anthropometric assessments and provided a blood sample. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced-rank regression (RRR) from forty-two food groups. Components of the MetS were used as response variables for the RRR analysis. Simplified patterns comprising ten food groups were generated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of having the MetS across the quartiles of simplified pattern scores. We identified two similar dietary patterns derived by PCA and RRR characterised by high intakes of potatoes, various vegetables, red and processed meat, fats, sauce and bouillon. Comparing simplified patterns, an increased RRR pattern score was associated with a higher OR (2·18, 95 % CI 1·25, 3·81) of having the MetS than an increased PCA pattern score (OR 1·92, 95 % CI 1·21, 3·03). Comparing concordant food groups by both dietary pattern methods, a diet high in legumes, beef, processed meat and bouillon was also positively associated with the prevalence of the MetS after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 1·71, 95 % CI 1·04, 2·79). We identified a behaviour-related pattern that was positively associated with the MetS. The application of both dietary pattern methods may be advantageous to obtain information for designing and realising dietary guidelines. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the results.

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Gender specific effect of major dietary patterns on the metabolic syndrome risk in Korean pre-pubertal children

Nutrition Research and Practice ◽

10.4162/nrp.2013.7.2.139 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 139 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Soo Jin Park ◽

Seung Min Lee ◽

Seon Mee Kim ◽

Myoungsook Lee

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Specific Effect ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Gender Specific

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Metabolic syndrome in people with a long-standing spinal cord injury: associations with physical activity and capacity

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2016-0269 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (11) ◽

pp. 1190-1196 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sonja de Groot ◽

Jacinthe J. Adriaansen ◽

Marga Tepper ◽

Govert J. Snoek ◽

Lucas H.V. van der Woude ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Peak Aerobic Capacity

This study investigated (i) the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in people with a long-standing spinal cord injury (SCI); (ii) whether personal or lesion characteristics are determinants of the MetS; and (iii) the association with physical activity or peak aerobic capacity on the MetS. In a cross-sectional study, persons with SCI (N = 223; time since injury of ≥10 years) were tested. The individual components of the MetS were assessed together with the physical activity measured by the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD), while peak aerobic capacity was tested during a graded wheelchair exercise test on a treadmill. Thirty-nine percent of the participants had MetS. In a multivariate logistic regression analyses and after performing a backward regression analysis, only age and education were significant determinants of the MetS. A 10-year increase in age leads to a 1.5 times more chance to have the MetS. Furthermore, people with a low education will multiply the relative risk of MetS compared with people with high education by almost 2. With and without correcting for confounders, no significant relationship was found between PASIPD or peak aerobic capacity and the MetS. It can be concluded that the prevalence of the MetS is high (39%) in people with a long-standing SCI but is comparable to the general Dutch population. Older people and those with a lower education level are most at risk for the MetS. Physical activity and peak aerobic fitness were not related to the MetS in this group with a long-standing SCI.

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The Relationship Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Salivary Cortisol, and the Metabolic Syndrome Score in Girls

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.2013-0109 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 221-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Katrina D. DuBose ◽

Andrew J. McKune

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Fat ◽

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Sexual Maturity ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between physical activity levels, salivary cortisol, and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) score was examined. Twenty-three girls (8.4 ± 0.9 years) had a fasting blood draw, waist circumference and blood pressure measured, and wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for 5 days. Saliva samples were collected to measure cortisol levels. Previously established cut points estimated the minutes spent in moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. A continuous MetSyn score was created from blood pressure, waist circumference, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride, and glucose values. Correlation analyses examined associations between physical activity, cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components. Regression analysis examined the relationship between cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components adjusting for physical activity, percent body fat, and sexual maturity. Vigorous physical activity was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol values. The MetSyn score was not related with cortisol values after controlling for confounders. In contrast, HDL was negatively related with 30 min post waking cortisol. Triglyceride was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol and area under the curve. The MetSyn score and many of its components were not related to cortisol salivary levels even after adjusting for physical activity, body fat percentage, and sexual maturity.

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