Differential effects of perceived stress on alcohol consumption in moderate versus heavy drinking HIV-infected women

Heavy drinking is injurious to health and may even lead to death. Previous studies showed that Past-Negative, Present-Fatalistic, and Future time perspectives influence alcohol consumption; however, this study presents evidence that contradicts these claims. Lazarus and Folkman’s (1984) transactional model of stress and coping explains that cognitive processes, such as perceived stress, are responsible for individual choices of coping strategies or decision to consume alcoholic beverages. Personal factors also influence time perspectives. This study applies the aforementioned model to hypothesize that the relationship between time perspectives and alcohol consumption is mediated by perceived stress. A total of 307 participants aged 18–22 years (late adolescence) who were habitual consumers of alcohol participated in this study. Mediation analysis was employed and it was revealed that perceived stress did not mediate the relationship between Past-Negative and Present-Fatalistic time perspectives and alcohol consumption. However, perceived stress was found to be a mediator in the relationship between Future time perspective and alcohol consumption. To summarize, dominant Past-Negative and Present-Fatalistic time perspectives can cause alcohol consumption in individuals who possess specific characteristics. Conversely, stress can precipitate alcohol consumption for individuals evincing the Future time perspective.

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Reward-Related Attentional Capture Moderates the Association between Fear-Driven Motives and Heavy Drinking

European Addiction Research ◽

10.1159/000513470 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Chang Liu ◽

Murat Yücel ◽

Chao Suo ◽

Mike E. Le Pelley ◽

Jeggan Tiego ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Attentional Capture ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Drinking Motives ◽

Drinking Patterns ◽

Cognitive Mechanisms ◽

Problematic Drinking ◽

The Past ◽

Motivational Profile

Background: To date, there has been little investigation on how motivational and cognitive mechanisms interact to influence problematic drinking behaviours. Towards this aim, the current study examined whether reward-related attentional capture is associated with reward, fear (relief), and habit drinking motives, and further, whether it interacts with these motives in relation to problematic drinking patterns. Methods: Ninety participants (mean age = 34.8 years, SD = 9.1, 54% male) who reported having consumed alcohol in the past month completed an online visual search task that measured reward-related attentional capture as well as the Habit Reward Fear Scale, a measure of drinking motives. Participants also completed measures of psychological distress, impulsivity, compulsive drinking, and consumption items of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Regression analyses examined the associations between motives for alcohol consumption and reward-related attentional capture, as well as the associations between reward-related attentional capture, motives, and their interaction, with alcohol consumption and problems. Results: Greater reward-related attentional capture was associated with greater reward motives. Further, reward-related attentional capture also interacted with fear motives in relation to alcohol consumption. Follow-up analyses showed that this interaction was driven by greater fear motives being associated with heavier drinking among those with lower reward-related attentional capture (i.e., “goal-trackers”). Conclusion: These findings have implications for understanding how cognition may interact with motives in association with problematic drinking. Specifically, the findings highlight different potential pathways to problematic drinking according to an individual’s cognitive-motivational profile and may inform tailored interventions to target profile-specific mechanisms. Finally, these findings offer support for contemporary models of addiction that view excessive goal-directed behaviour under negative affect as a critical contributor to addictive behaviours.

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Nalmefene against alcohol use disorder: A report of one case

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1734 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s866-s866

Author(s):

M. Juncal Ruiz ◽

O. Porta Olivares ◽

L. Sánchez Blanco ◽

R. Landera Rodríguez ◽

M. Gómez Revuelta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Opioid Receptor ◽

Treatment Option ◽

Withdrawal Syndrome ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Family Relationship ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

IntroductionAlcohol consumption represents a significant factor for mortality in the world: 6.3% in men and 1.1% in women. Alcohol use disorder is also very common: 5.4% in men and 1.5% in women. Despite its high frequency and the seriousness of this disorder, only 8% of all alcohol-dependents are ever treated. One potentially interesting treatment option is oriented toward reducing alcohol intake.AimsTo describe one case who has improved his alcohol consumption after starting treatment with nalmefene, an opioid receptor antagonist related to naltrexone.MethodsA 35-year-old male with alcohol use disorder since 2001 came to our consult in November 2015. He was in trouble with his family and he had a liver failure. We offer a new treatment option with nalmefene 18 mg to reduce alcohol consumption.ResultsBefore to start nalmefene he drank 21 drinks/week. Six-month later, he decreased alcohol intake until 5 drinks/week with better family relationship and liver function. After starting nalmefene he complained of nausea, so we recommend to take the middle of the pill for next 7 days. After this time he returned to take one pill with good tolerance and no more side effects or withdrawal syndrome.ConclusionsNalmefene appears to be effective and safe in reducing heavy drinking and in preventing alcohol withdrawal syndrome due to its opioid receptor antagonism. This case suggests nalmefene is a potential option to help patients, who do not want or cannot get the abstinence, in reducing their alcohol consumption.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Exploring relationships between alcohol consumption, inflammation and brain structure in a heavy drinking sample

Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1111/acer.14712 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hollis C. Karoly ◽

Carillon J. Skrzynski ◽

Erin N. Moe ◽

Angela D. Bryan ◽

Kent E. Hutchison

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Brain Structure ◽

Heavy Drinking

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Nordic, Italian, and German Drinking Habits: A Comparison between Surveys Made since the 1980s

Nordisk Alkoholtisdkrift (Nordic Alcohol Studies) ◽

10.1177/145507259501201s12 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 12 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 14-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sari Hanhinen

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Adult Population ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Nordic Countries ◽

European Countries ◽

Drinking Patterns ◽

Central European ◽

Four Dimensions ◽

Drinking Habits ◽

Drinking Frequency

This article compares Nordic drinking habit surveys and their results — a comparison previously done in 1988. It includes all the main surveys regarding drinking habits of the adult population in the Nordic countries since 1988. In addition the analysis takes in Italy and Germany. Drinking habits are described and compared on four dimensions: the share of abstainers and drinkers, overall drinking frequency, the volume of alcohol consumption, and heavy drinking and drinking for intoxication. The study highlights the difficulties inherent in the international comparison of drinking habits. The results indicate that even though the changes in beverage preferences imply a homogenization of drinking patterns, the homogenization hypothesis proves to be wrong when comparing the results concerning the shares of abstainers, drinking frequencies or distribution of alcohol consumption between women and men. Denmark still differs from the rest of the Nordic countries in these respects, being closer to central European countries like Germany. In the other Nordic countries traditional drinking patterns seem to persist despite the changes in beverage preferences. Closest to Denmark and central European countries stands Finland, where drinking frequency has been rising and where more alcohol is consumed than in Sweden, Norway and Iceland. Looking at the previous comparison of Nordic drinking habits, it can be concluded that drinking habits are very open to changes.

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Heavy alcohol consumption in individuals with HIV infection: Effects on neuropsychological performance

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617705050095 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 70-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

JOHANNES C. ROTHLIND ◽

TANYA M. GREENFIELD ◽

ANNE V. BRUCE ◽

DIETER J. MEYERHOFF ◽

DEREK L. FLENNIKEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Heavy Alcohol ◽

Heavy Drinkers ◽

Heavy Alcohol Use ◽

Active Alcohol

Higher rates of alcohol use have been reported in HIV+ individuals compared to the general population. Both heavy alcohol use and HIV infection are associated with increased risk of neuropsychological (NP) impairment. We examined effects of heavy active alcohol use and HIV on NP functioning in a large sample of community-residing HIV+ individuals and HIV− controls. The four main study groups included 72 HIV− light/non-drinkers, 70 HIV− heavy drinkers (>100 drinks per month), 70 HIV+ light/non-drinkers, and 56 HIV+ heavy drinkers. The heavy drinking group was further subdivided to assess effects of the heaviest levels of active alcohol use (>6 drinks per day) on NP functioning. A comprehensive NP battery was administered. Multivariate analysis of covariance was employed to examine the effect of HIV and alcohol on NP functioning after adjusting for group differences in age and estimated premorbid verbal intellectual functioning. The analyses identified main effects of heavy drinking and HIV on NP function, with greatest effects involving the contrast of HIV+ heavy drinkers and the HIV− light drinkers. Synergistic effects of heaviest current drinking and HIV infection were identified in analyses of motor and visuomotor speed. Supplementary analyses also revealed better NP function in the HIV+ group with antiretroviral treatment (ART) and lower level of viral burden, a finding that was consistent across levels of alcohol consumption. Finally, heavy alcohol use and executive functioning difficulties were associated with lower levels of self-reported medication adherence in the HIV+ group. The findings suggest that active heavy alcohol use and HIV infection have additive adverse effects on NP function, that they may show synergistic effects in circumstances of very heavy active alcohol use, and that heavy drinking and executive functioning may mediate health-related behaviors in HIV disease. (JINS, 2005, 11, 70–83.)

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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERCEIVED STRESS AND ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN STUDENTS FROM IFPE – VITÓRIA’S FROM SANTO ANTÃO CAMPUS

International Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy ◽

10.28933/ijart-2020-01-2007 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Perceived Stress

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Alcohol-Related Dementia: Rethink How Much You Drink

The Senior Care Pharmacist ◽

10.4140/tcp.n.2021.324. ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (7) ◽

pp. 324-330

Author(s):

Raquel Mateus ◽

Jeannette Y. Wick

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽

Care Plans ◽

Korsakoff Syndrome ◽

Excessive Alcohol ◽

The 1960S ◽

Heath Care ◽

Abstinence From Alcohol

People have consumed alcohol for centuries. Most clinicians who work with people who have dementia acknowledge that alcohol may cause or exacerbate dementia's symptoms. Alcohol-related dementia (ARD) has been recognized since the 1960s, but clinicians rarely use this diagnosis. Regardless, it is common and develops pursuant to long-term excessive alcohol consumption. It may, in some cases, evolve into Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Diagnosis can be obscured if patients are not truthful about their alcohol consumption. Often, friends or family provide a better picture of the patient's alcohol history than patients do themselves. Thiamine treatment may prevent or improve symptoms. Abstinence from alcohol is critical, but it is difficult for older people with long histories of heavy drinking. Consultant pharmacists can help the heath care team develop nuanced care plans for patients who have ARD.

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1. Drinking and temperance

Prohibition: A Very Short Introduction ◽

10.1093/actrade/9780190280109.003.0002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 7-27

Author(s):

W. J. Rorabaugh

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

West Indies ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

The United States ◽

The West ◽

Temperance Movement ◽

History Of ◽

Viable System ◽

The Revolution

‘Drinking and temperance’ describes the history of alcohol consumption in the United States and the introduction of the temperance movement. From the earliest European settlers to the fighters of the Revolution, Americans were among the world’s heartiest drinkers, producing their own corn beer and importing rum from the West Indies. The British blockades during the war meant access to rum was lost. Americans began to distill whiskey from corn instead, which became the country’s patriotic drink. Problems associated with heavy drinking resulted in reformers creating the temperance movement, a cause that was then taken up by Protestant preachers. In the 1850s, evangelicals lobbied for statewide prohibition laws, but there was no viable system of enforcement.

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Effect of alcohol consumption on patient-reported outcomes in hip arthroscopy: a matched controlled study with minimum 2-year follow-up

Hip International ◽

10.1177/1120700019853554 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 457-468

Author(s):

Ajay C Lall ◽

Erwin Secretov ◽

Muriel R Battaglia ◽

David R Maldonado ◽

Itay Perets ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroscopy ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Heavy Drinkers ◽

Outerbridge Grade

Introduction:There is a paucity of literature examining the effects of alcohol consumption on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after hip arthroscopy. The purpose of this study was to report 2-year outcomes of hip arthroscopy in patients who consume alcohol compared to patients who abstain.Methods:Registry data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed to identify heavy drinkers at the time of primary hip arthroscopy. Patients were matched 1:1 (heavy drinkers:non-drinkers) based on age, sex, BMI, acetabular Outerbridge grade, and capsular treatment. All patients were assessed with 4 validated PROs: mHHS, NAHS, HOS-SSS, and iHOT-12. Pain was estimated with VAS.Results:42 patients were pair matched in each group (heavy drinkers:non-drinkers). Both groups demonstrated significant improvement for all PROs and VAS. Heavy drinkers reported lesser improvement in HOS-SSS ( p = 0.0169), smaller decrease in VAS ( p = 0.0157), and lower final scores on iHOT-12 ( p = 0.0302), SF-12 mental ( p = 0.0086), and VR-12 mental ( p = 0.0151). Significantly fewer patients in the heavy-drinking group reached PASS for mHHS ( p = 0.0464). Odds of achieving PASS for mHHS was 2.5 times higher for patients who abstain from alcohol. The rates of revision hip arthroscopy and conversion to total hip arthroplasty were not statistically different between groups.Conclusion:While hip arthroscopy may still yield clinical benefit in drinkers, patients who consume heavy amounts of alcohol may ultimately achieve an inferior functional status and should be counselled on drinking cessation to optimise their results.

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