Prevalence of insomnia symptoms and associated risk factors in UK Biobank participants with hazardous alcohol use and major depression

2021 ◽  
pp. 109128
Author(s):  
Bhanu Prakash Kolla ◽  
Joanna M. Biernacka ◽  
Meghna P. Mansukhani ◽  
Colin Colby ◽  
Brandon J. Coombes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

scholarly journals Hazardous alcohol use among transwomen in a Brazilian city

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Kerr-Corrêa ◽  
Francisco Marto Leal Pinheiro Júnior ◽  
Telma Alves Martins ◽  
Daniel Lucas da Conceição Costa ◽  
Raimunda Hermelinda Maia Macena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract: There is a lack of information about alcohol use by transgender women. We estimated the prevalence of dangerous alcohol use in the last 12 months by transgender women, who are known as travestis in Brazil, and we identified the associated risk factors. Three hundred travestis were recruited using Respondent Driving Sampling (RDS). We applied the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). We controlled the sample by applying a weight to each interviewee. Three quarters (74.2%) of travestis were regular drinkers, half (48.7%) scored over eight in the AUDIT and 14.8% scored over 20. The risk factors for alcohol use were: aged over 24, low income and unprotected sex. The dangerous use of alcohol is prevalent among travestis. Given that this group has a greater risk of HIV infection and transmission, and that the dangerous use of alcohol was associated with unsafe sex, specific intervention strategies are required.

Unpacking Violent Behavior in Young Adulthood: The Relative Importance of Hazardous Alcohol Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110441
Author(s):  
Siobhan Lawler ◽  
Lexine Stapinski ◽  
Maree Teesson ◽  
Katrina Prior ◽  
Miguel Basto-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol

Young adulthood is an important developmental period for investigating the nature of violent behavior. This study examines the unique contribution of alcohol use to violence perpetration among young adults in the Australian community, after accounting for the influence of sociodemographic, early life, trait, and well-being influences. Cross-sectional, self-report data was collected from 507 young adults aged 18-20 years in the Australian general community via an online survey. Sequential logistic regressions examined the relative and independent contribution of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), impulsivity, psychological distress, and hazardous alcohol use to past-year violent behavior. Results show one in eight young adults aged 18-20 (13%) reported at least one act of violent behavior in the past year, primarily assault perpetrated against another person. Sequential logistic regression identified that after controlling for other risk factors, the number of ACEs reported and hazardous alcohol use were independently and positively associated with increased odds of reporting violent behavior in young adulthood. These findings demonstrate that ACEs and hazardous alcohol use are important, independent correlates of violent behavior in young adults. While preventing early adversity is key for reducing violence in the community, this evidence suggests that it is also important to target proximal causes such as hazardous alcohol use. Increasing early and widespread access to evidence-based, trauma-informed violence-prevention programs targeting risk factors across multiple settings is critical for reducing harm and supporting young people into healthy adulthood.

Routine alcohol screening in the ED: unscreened patients have an increased risk for hazardous alcohol use

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Merel van Loon ◽  
Roos C Van der Mast ◽  
M Christien van der Linden ◽  
Floris A van Gaalen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Routine Screening ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Consumption ◽  
A Prospective Study

BackgroundRoutine screening programmes for hazardous alcohol use in the ED miss large numbers of patients. We investigated whether patient-related or staff-related factors cause screening failures and whether unscreened patients are at increased risk of hazardous alcohol use.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a prospective study. From November 2012 to November 2013, all adult patients visiting a Dutch inner city ED were screened for hazardous alcohol consumption using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption. Reasons for failure of screening were categorised as: (A) patient is unable to cooperate (due to illness or pain, decreased consciousness or incomprehension due to intoxication, psychiatric, cognitive or neurological disorder or language barrier), (B) healthcare professional forgot to ask, (C) patient refuses cooperation and (D) screening was recently performed (<6 months ago). Presence of risk factors for hazardous alcohol use was compared between screened and unscreened patients.ResultsOf the 28 019 ED patients, 18 310 (65%) were screened and 9709 (35%) were not. In 7150 patients staff forgot to screen, whereas 2559 patients were not screened due to patient factors (2340 being unable and 219 unwilling). Patients with any of these risk factors were less likely to be screened: male sex, alcohol-related visit, any intoxication, head injury, any kind of wound and major trauma. In multivariate analysis, all these risk factors were independently associated with not being screened. Patients with at least one risk factor for hazardous alcohol use were less likely to be screened. Highest prevalence of risk factors was found in patients unable or unwilling to cooperate.ConclusionPatients who do not undergo routine screening for alcohol use at triage in the ED have an increased risk for hazardous alcohol use. These data highlight the importance of screening patients, especially those initially unwilling or unable to cooperate, at a later stage.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sleep disturbance and associated risk factors in UK Biobank participants with alcohol use disorders and major depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanu Prakash Kolla ◽  
Joanna M. Biernacka ◽  
Meghna P. Mansukhani ◽  
Colin Colby ◽  
Brandon J. Coombes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

AbstractIntroductionCurrent understanding of the differences in sleep disturbance (SD) and associated risk factors in patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD), major depressive disorders (MDD), and comorbid AUD+MDD is limited.MethodsData from the UK Biobank (UKB) (n=47,825) were utilized to categorize subjects into those with MDD (n=5,991), AUD (n=12,952), both (MDD+AUD)(n=3,219), and controls (n=25,663). We used generalized linear models (GLMs) to test whether rates of SD and sleep duration differed among the groups and determine the clinical predictors of SD. Rates of SD and sleep duration were compared using regression analyses accounting for demographic (age, sex, ethnicity, and Townsend deprivation index) and clinical (body mass index, neuroticism score, and alcohol consumption) factors.ResultsAfter accounting for diagnostic category, SD was associated with age, female sex, white ethnicity, and higher BMI, neuroticism and alcohol consumption scores (all p<0.0001).The unadjusted prevalence of SD was 25.6%, 25.9%, 39.2%, and 41.1% in control, AUD, MDD, and MDD+AUD categories respectively. Rates of SD in controls and AUD group as well as MDD alone and MDD+AUD did not differ in unadjusted models (p=0.45 and 0.075, respectively). Prevalence of SD differed in the four groups (p<0.0001 for all pairwise comparisons) after adjusting for demographic confounders. After further adjustment for clinical factors, effect sizes were reduced, but pairwise comparisons remained significant, except in the AUD versus MDD group (all p<0.05). After adjusting for demographic and clinical factors, sleep duration did not differ among the groups.ConclusionDemographic and clinical characteristics associated with SD were similar in patients with MDD, AUD, and MDD+AUD. The differences in rates of SD between the diagnostic groups were attenuated but persisted after accounting for these confounders. Genetic and other factors capable of influencing SD in patients with MDD, AUD, and comorbid MDD+AUD merit future investigation.

scholarly journals Acceptability of chronic liver disease screening in a UK primary care setting: a qualitative evaluation

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e041574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Knight ◽  
David Harman ◽  
Joanne R Morling ◽  
Guruprasad Aithal ◽  
Timothy Card ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Primary Care Setting ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Patient Awareness ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol

ObjectivesThe increasing incidence of chronic liver disease (CLD) in the UK may be attributed to a rise in preventable risk factors, including hazardous alcohol use and type 2 diabetes. Transient elastography (TE) can rapidly stratify risk of CLD in primary care populations and provide an opportunity to raise patient awareness of risk factors.This study explores patients’ experiences of TE screening in a primary care setting. In addition, patient awareness of CLD risk is explored.Study design and settingThis study used a qualitative process evaluation of a community screening pathway for CLD (Nottingham, UK). Participants completed semistructured interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.ParticipantsTwenty adults were purposively recruited 6 months to 2 years after TE screening. Inclusion criteria included (1) hazardous alcohol use, (2) type 2 diabetes and/or (3) persistently elevated liver enzymes without known cause.ResultsUndergoing TE in primary care was seen as acceptable to most participants. Hazardous alcohol use was identified as the primary cause of CLD; no participants were aware of metabolic risk factors. TE improved understanding of personal risk factors and prompted contemplation of lifestyle changes across all TE stratifications. However, participants’ perceptions of risk were altered by the healthcare providers’ communication of TE scores.ConclusionsHigh acceptability of TE, regardless of the risk factor, provides strong support for inclusion of TE stratification in primary care. Findings highlight the positive impact of receiving TE on risk awareness. Future clinical iterations should improve the structure and communication of TE results to patients.

Hazardous Alcohol Use in the Four Years Following Bariatric Surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lisa R. Miller-Matero ◽  
Julia Orlovskaia ◽  
Leah M. Hecht ◽  
Jordan M. Braciszeweski ◽  
Kellie M. Martens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol

scholarly journals The association between medication or alcohol use and the incidence of frailty: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janja Jazbar ◽  
Igor Locatelli ◽  
Mitja Kos
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol

Abstract Background Understanding potentially modifiable factors that influence the risk of frailty is a key concern for the management of this urgent contemporary public health challenge. This study evaluates the association between the use of various medications or alcohol and the incidence of frailty among older adults. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study on older adults (≥ 65 years) using data from the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE survey, 28 countries). Medication use was measured as taking several different groups of medications. Alcohol use was assessed with SHARE questions corresponding to AUDIT-C. The outcome measure was the incidence of frailty after two years, defined by frailty index (FI) and frailty phenotype (FP). A multiple logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association with adjustment for several potential confounding factors. Results Of the 14,665 FI-population participants, 1800 (12.3%) developed frailty within two years. Of the 8133 FP-population participants, 2798 (34.4%) developed pre-frailty and 247 (3.0%) developed frailty within two years of baseline. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, non-hazardous alcohol use (adjusted OR; 95% CI for the FI-population: 0.68; 0.60–0.77) and hazardous alcohol use (0.80; 0.68–0.93) are associated with lower incidence of frailty compared to no alcohol use. The odds of frailty are increased when taking medications; the largest effect size was observed in older adults taking medication for chronic bronchitis (adjusted OR; 95% CI for the FI-population: 2.45; 1.87–3.22), joint pain and other pain medication (2.26; 2.00–2.54), medication for coronary and other heart disease (1.72; 1.52–1.96), medication for diabetes (1.69; 1.46–1.96), and medication for anxiety, depression and sleep problems (1.56; 1.33–1.84). Additionally, the risk of frailty was increased with stroke, Parkinson’s disease and dementia. Conclusions Taking certain groups of medication was associated with increased incidence of frailty and pre-frailty, which might be due to either medication use or the underlying disease. Alcohol use was associated with a lower risk of pre-frailty and frailty compared to no alcohol use, which might be due to reverse causality or residual confounding. There was no significant interaction effect between medication groups and alcohol use on frailty incidence.

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