scholarly journals Prenatal maternal depression is associated with low birth weight through shorter gestational age in term infants in Korea

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung Yoon Chang ◽  
Katherine M. Keyes ◽  
Kyung-Sook Lee ◽  
In Ae Choi ◽  
Se Joo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Term Infants

SMALL-FOR-DATES NEONATES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1019
Author(s):  
A. Frederick North
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Neonatal Complications ◽  
Antecedent Conditions ◽  
Longterm Outcome

Records of 762 infants weighing less than 2,500 gm at birth and born after 37 to 44 weeks' gestation—small-for-dates neonates—were compared with records of infants with similar birth weight born after 28 to 32 weeks' gestation—pre-term infants—and with records of infants weighing 3,000 to 3,500 gm born after 37 to 44 weeks' gestation—"average" infants. Records were compared with regard to maternal and gestational features, perinatal survival, and neonatal complications. The group of small-for-dates neonates differed markedly from the pre-term infants in 15 of the 35 variables examined and from the "average" infants in 31 of the 35 variables examined. Small-for-dates infants showed a higher incidence of maternal toxemia and hypertension, a greater incidence of primiparous mothers, a lower incidence of gestational bleeding, a lower incidence of low-birth-weight siblings, fewer neonatal complications and deaths, and a lower incidence of hemolytic disease and pulmonary disease in the newborn period than did weight-matched pre-term controls. Gestational age, though subject to error in measurement, is as important a predictor of neonatal clinical status and outcome as is birth weight. Future studies of the antecedent conditions, neonatal course, and longterm outcome of low-birth-weight infants must consider both birth weight and gestational age.

scholarly journals The influence of birth weight and gestational age on kidney function in premature infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-230
Author(s):  
Bella D. Tsintsadze ◽  
Klavdiya A. Kazakova ◽  
Vladislav V. Chernikov ◽  
Andrey P. Fisenko ◽  
Aleksey N. Tsygin
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Enzymatic Method ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Blood Creatinine

Introduction. The impact of prematurity on the functional state of the kidneys in infants has not yet been sufficiently studied. Aim. To determine the influence of birth weight and gestational age on the creatinine level in the blood and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in early childhood. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records of 316 children aged from 1 month to 1.5 years, hospitalized at the Department of Early Childhood Pathology (National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow) from 2012 to 2020 due to consequences of perinatal CNS damage. Children without congenital kidney diseases, with normal urine values in medical history, without structural abnormalities on ultrasound were included in this study. Serum creatinine was determined by the enzymatic method, GFR - by the Schwartz’s formula using a coefficient of 0.413, as well as, previously proposed coefficients of 0.33 for premature and 0.44 for full-term infants. Results. In premature infants, notably born with extremely low birth weight and very low birth weight, at the age of 1 year, serum creatinine is reduced compared to full-term infants, GFR in deep-premature infants exceeds the level of GFR in full-term infants by the year. The results allow concluding the method of calculating GFR by formulas based on serum creatinine to be invalid. Due to possible hyperfiltration in preterm infants, they need regular monitoring urine tests, blood pressure, due to the risk of developing chronic kidney disease. Conclusions. It is necessary to search for other methods for determining GFR in extremely premature infants. The established indices of the blood creatinine content can be used as reference values for different periods of gestation and body weight at birth in institutions using the enzymatic method for determining blood creatinine. The obtained GFR indices as a reference can be recommended for full-term and premature babies born after 32 weeks of gestation and with a birth weight of more than 1500 g.

Antibody Response of Low Birth Weight Infants to Haemophilus influenzae Type b Polyribosylribitol Phosphate-Outer Membrane Protein Conjugate Vaccine

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Munoz ◽  
Agnes Salvador ◽  
Nancy L. Brodsky ◽  
Allan M. Arbeter ◽  
Rachel Porat
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Immunization Schedule ◽  
Type B ◽  
Term Infants

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness in low birth weight (LBW) infants of the currently recommended immunization schedule for conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB) vaccine. Methods. We quantified antibody responses in 36 preterm infants with a mean birth weight of 1060 g and a mean gestational age of 28 weeks. Infants were immunized with 0.5 mL of HIB vaccine at 2 and 4 months' postnatal age. Specific HIB antibodies were quantified on cord blood, immediately before each immunization and 2 months after the last immunization. Results. Even though the geometric mean titers increased significantly during the study period, they were still markedly lower than values reported in term infants. After the second immunization, only 24 infants (67%) attained antibody concentrations of more than 0.25 µg/mL, defined as seropositivity. Also, only 53% of infants achieved antibody concentrations of more than 1.0 µg/mL compared with 92% as reported in term infants. Stepwise logistic regression identified gestational age of 27 weeks or less and the amount of intravenous immunoglobulin received as the significant variables influencing the antibody response after the first immunization. The incidence of side effects was negligible. Conclusions. We conclude that LBW infants, and especially those born at 27 or less weeks' gestation, do not respond as effectively to the HIB vaccine. We speculate that reevaluation of the current immunization schedule may be required for very LBW infants.

scholarly journals Kinematic Analysis of Kicking Movements in Preterm Infants With Very Low Birth Weight and Full-Term Infants

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suh-Fang Jeng ◽  
Li-Chiou Chen ◽  
Kuo-Inn Tsou Yau
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Spontaneous Movements

Abstract Background and Purpose. Study of kicking development provides important information to understand how early spontaneous movements change in infants as they acquire voluntary control. Researchers have investigated the kicking movements of preterm infants; however, the movement patterns that they have described were inconsistent. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to examine the development of kicking movements with kinematic analysis in preterm infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) and full-term infants. Subjects and Methods. Twenty-two infants with VLBW who were divided into low gestational age (gestational age of <30 weeks, n=9) and high gestational age (gestational age of ≥30 weeks, n=13) classes and 22 full-term infants were evaluated during kicking movements using 4 synchronized cameras and 3-dimensional kinematic analysis when the infants were 2 and 4 months of corrected age. Results. The infants with VLBW and a high gestational age showed similar kicking movements compared with the full-term infants. In contrast, the infants with VLBW and a low gestational age exhibited a higher kick frequency and a shorter flexion phase at 4 months of corrected age. They also exhibited a higher hip-knee correlation and lower variability in the interlimb coordination pattern at 2 and 4 months of corrected age. Discussion and Conclusion. The findings indicate that infants with VLBW, particularly those with a low gestational age, have age-related differences in movement organization and coordination of kicking compared with full-term infants.

scholarly journals The influence of gestational age and birth weight of the newborn on tooth eruption

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Regina Piovezani Ramos ◽  
Renato Cordeiro Gugisch ◽  
Fabian Calixto Fraiz
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tooth Eruption ◽  
Deciduous Tooth ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Term Infants

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to compare the beginning of eruption of the first deciduous tooth in preterm infants (<38 weeks) with full-term infants (38 and 42 weeks) of normal birth weight (³2.500g), low birth weight (< 2.500g) and very low birth weight (<1.500g), in order to evaluate if premature birth and low birth weight would affect tooth eruption. METHODS: The neonatal records and the moment of eruption of the first deciduous tooth of 146 infants - 77 preterm infants and 69 full-term infants, ranging from 5 to 36 months old, of both genders - were recorded. All of them were under care at the Pediatric Ambulatory of Hospital Universitário Evangélico at Curitiba - Parana. Data were analyzed considering biological age and post-conception, or corrected, age - which is the gestational age plus the infant's chronological age at the month of eruption of the first deciduous tooth. RESULTS: Results showed that when chronological age is considered, tooth eruption in preterm and very low birth weight infants is importantly delayed. However, when corrected age is considered, no statistically significant differences were found among groups. CONCLUSION: The delayed eruption may be related to the premature birth and not to a delay in dental development.

A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF THE GROWTH OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-628
Author(s):  
Mary O. Cruise
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Normal Velocity ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Actual Length ◽  
Growth Measurement

Physicians may need to consider the growth of children–especially those of unusual size for age–from two different viewpoints. Most pediatricians are used to thinking of what may be called distance growth: how "normal" is a child's actual length at 2 years? The other aspect, velocity growth, expresses the rate or speed at which the child has grown. This may be equal for children of corresponding ages, whereas their distance growth may vary greatly. Failure of growth at a normal rate in one child should be investigated whereas another child with horizontal growth measurement outside ± 2 SD, but with normal velocity growth may require no investigation. Data from this study provide not only mean measurements for weight, length, and head circumference of low birth weight infants who are grouped by sex and gestational age, but also provide velocity growth from birth through 3 years of age. Preterm infants (gestational age &lt; 37 weeks) had greater velocity growth rates than small-for-date infants (full-term, low birth weight). At 1, 2, and 3 years the SFD infants had the smallest mean measurements of all the study groups of low birth weight infants. Comparative full-term infants were larger than low birth weight infants from birth through 3 years of age.

scholarly journals Newborn Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Kanshi Minamitani
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Screening Strategies

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common preventable cause of intellectual impairment or failure to thrive by early identification and treatment. In Japan, newborn screening programs for CH were introduced in 1979, and the clinical guidelines for newborn screening of CH were developed in 1998, revised in 2014, and are currently undergoing further revision. Newborn screening strategies are designed to detect the elevated levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in most areas of Japan, although TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) are often measured simultaneously in some areas. Since 1987, in order not to observe the delayed rise in TSH, additional rescreening of premature neonates and low birth weight infants (<2000 g) at four weeks of life or when their body weight reaches 2500 g has been recommended, despite a normal initial newborn screening. Recently, the actual incidence of CH has doubled to approximately 1:2500 in Japan as in other countries. This increasing incidence is speculated to be mainly due to an increase in the number of mildly affected patients detected by the generalized lowering of TSH screening cutoffs and an increase in the number of preterm or low birth weight neonates at a higher risk of having CH than term infants.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Short-Term Outcomes of Full-Term Low Birth Weight Infants Born at a Tertiary Academic Center: A Prospective Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Al-Wassia ◽  
Shahd K. Baarimah ◽  
Asmaa H. Mohammedsaleh ◽  
Manal O. Alsulami ◽  
Ragad S. Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Control Study

Objective Low birth weight (LBW) infants (<2,500 g) continued to be a global health problem because of the associated short- and long-term adverse outcomes. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of term LBW infants Study Design A prospective and case–control study. All infants born consecutively from September 1, 2018 to August 31, 2019 were included. Cases, term LBW infants, were 1:1 matched to controls, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) term infants. Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies and multiple pregnancies were excluded. Results The prevalence of term LBW in the studied period was 4.8%. Mothers of term LBW infants had significantly lower body mass index (p = 0.05), gained less weight (p = 0.01), had a history of previous LBW (p = 0.01), and lower monthly income (p = 0.04) compared with mothers of term AGA infants even after adjustment for confounders. A nonsignificant higher number of term LBW infants needed NICU admission, while their need for phototherapy was deemed significant. Conclusion We identified nutritional and socioeconomic maternal factors that are significantly associated with LBW infants and should be targeted during antenatal visits to improve neonatal outcomes. Key Points

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