scholarly journals Technology for public outreach of fuel oil production from municipal plastic wastes

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 2797-2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kunta Biddinika ◽  
Mochamad Syamsiro ◽  
Arip Nur Hadiyanto ◽  
Zahrul Mufrodi ◽  
Fumitake Takahashi
2014 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Syamsiro ◽  
Harwin Saptoadi ◽  
Tinton Norsujianto ◽  
Putri Noviasri ◽  
Shuo Cheng ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Dan Kica Omol ◽  
Ongwech Acaye ◽  
David Fred Okot ◽  
Ocident Bongomin

Plastics have become an essential part of modern life today. The global production of plastics has gone up to 299 million tonnes in 2013, which has increased enormously in the present years. The utilization of plastics and its final disposal pose tremendous negative significant impacts on the environment. The present study aimed to investigate the thermal and catalytic pyrolysis for the production of fuel oil from the polyethene plastic wastes. The samples collection for both plastic wastes and clay catalyst, sample preparation and pyrolysis experiment for oil production was done in Laroo Division, Gulu Municipality, Northern Uganda Region, Uganda. Catalysts used in the experiment were acid-activated clay mineral and aluminium chlorides on activated carbon. The clay mineral was activated by refluxing it with 6M Sulphuric acid for 3 hours. The experiment was conducted in three different phases: The first phase of the experiment was done without a catalyst (purely thermal pyrolysis). The second phase involves the use of acid-activated clay mineral. The third phase was done using aluminium chlorides on activated carbon. Both phases were done at different heating rates. In purely thermal pyrolysis, 88 mL of oil was obtained at a maximum temperature of 39ºC and heating rates of 12.55ºC /minute and reaction time of 4 hours. Acid activated clay mineral yielded 100 mL of oil with the heating rates of 12.55ºC/minute and reaction time of 3 hours 30 minutes. While aluminium chlorides on activated carbon produced 105 mL of oil at a maximum temperature of 400ºC and heating rates of 15.5ºC /minute and reaction time of 3 hours 10 minutes. From the experimental results, catalytic pyrolysis is more efficient than purely thermal pyrolysis and homogenous catalysis (aluminium chlorides) shows a better result than solid acid catalyst (activated clay minerals) hence saving the energy needed for pyrolysis and making the process more economically feasible.


1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Donald I. Hertzmark

In the 1980s, Asian energy markets expanded at a rapid rate to meet the surge in demand from Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. This demand boom coincided with an increase in non-OPEC oil production in the region. As oil production stabilizes, demand looks set to rise sharply, this time in the new Newly Industrialized Countries of Southeast Asia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Natural gas will play a key role in this expansion of energy use and could start to lead rather than follow oil markets. The leading role of natural gas will be especially strong if gas starts to make inroads in the high and middle ends of the barrel with oxygenated gasoline and compressed natural gas for trucks. At the bottom of the barrel, natural gas could increasingly usurp the role of residual fuel oil for environmental reasons. At the same time, regional refiners could find that residual oil is their leading source of additional feed for the new process units currently under discussion or planning. The supply outlook for natural gas is increasingly fraught with uncertainties as more of the region's supplies must come from distant areas. In particular, LNG supplies from Malaysia and Indonesia will need to be replaced by the early part of the next century as rising domestic demand eats into the exportable gas production. New sources include China, Siberia, Sakhalin Island, Papua New Guinea, and Canada. There will be intense competition to supply the Northeast Asian markets as the gas production in Southeast Asia is increasingly used within ASEAN.


2002 ◽  
Vol 2002.42 (0) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
Toshiki HASEBE ◽  
Shigeru TOSAKA ◽  
Yasuhiro FUJIWARA ◽  
Yoshinori TOMITA ◽  
Isao KUNITA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jūratė Kuklytė

Relevance of the research.Due to the effect of globalization and integration processes, it is impossible to imagine a world without oil, as the oil price changes affect not only the financial markets but also international trade circulation (Babatunde et al., 2013; Bastiani et al.,2016.; Caporale, et al.,2016.; Humphrey et al.,2016). Oil demand is growing rapidly. It is necessary for mineral-based fuels, lubricants, plastics and various products of the chemical industry and other uses. High consumer demandled to synthetic oil production, known as non-traditional oil production methods (Grushevenko, E., Grushevenko, D., 2012a). Unconventional oil is a synthetic energy product designed to convert one fuel source (fuel oil, shale, sandresin) to another, but it requires a tremendous amount of heat and fresh water, however, synthetic oil is much cheaper to extract than conventional oil from deep sources in the context of limited resources.Further increasing investor interest in oil production from unconventional reserves (oil, shale, sand) for a much lower production costs and cost dynamics and higher return on investment projects in return has been reported occasionally. Since the period of 2006–2011 break even price of oil, extracted from the shale has changed, the cost has doubled –from 105 US dollars/barrel to 48 US dollars/barrel. During the same period, the cost-effectiveness of oil extracted from tar sand deposits price increased by 20% and accounted for around 73 US dollars/barrel. Based on the present state of international trade realities and trends it can be suggested that fluctuations in oil prices is becoming a major factor in rising geopolitical tensions and fears of financial market turmoil.


2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Uthman Dawoud ◽  
Ayman El-Gendi ◽  
Yousef Ali Alkuraimi

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Syamsudin Syamsudin ◽  
Reza Bastari Imran Wattimena ◽  
Ibrahim Syaharuddin ◽  
Andri Taufick Rizaluddin ◽  
Reza Bastari Imran Wattimena

Konsumsi kertas bekas di industri kertas Indonesia mencapai 6.598.464 ton/tahun dan menghasilkan hydropulper reject sebesar 5-10% dari kertas bekas yang digunakan. Penelitian pirolisis hydropulper reject dari industri kertas untuk produksi bio-oil telah dilakukan. Tipikal limbah hydropulper reject terdiri dari 20% serat dan 80% plastik (High Density Polyethylene, HDPE >90%). Bahan padat tersebut berpotensi dikonversi menjadi bahan bakar minyak melalui proses pirolisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pirolisis pelet hydropulper reject untuk produksi bio-oil sebagai bahan bakar minyak. Setelah dipisahkan dari logam, hydropulper reject dikeringkan, dicacah, dan dibentuk menjadi pelet berdiameter 10 mm dan panjang 20-30 mm. Nilai kalor pelet hydropulper reject mencapai 29,30 MJ/kg (dried based, db) dengan kadar zat terbang 84,84% (db). Pelet hydropulper reject dipirolisis dengan reaktor kombinasi pembakaran-pirolisis. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa bio-oil mampu bakar sebanyak ±40% bahan baku dengan nilai kalor 77,79 MJ/kg. Perkiraan listrik yang dapat dihasilkan dari pemanfaatan syngas sebesar 1,08 kWh/kg hydropulper reject.Kata kunci: hydropulper reject, pirolisis, bio-oil, syngas, listrikProduction of Oil Fuel From Pyrolysis of Hydropulper Reject Pellet from Paper IndustryAbstract Waste paper consumption in Indonesian paper industries reached 6,598,464 tons/year and produced hydropulper reject about 5-10% of waste paper. Pyrolysis of hydropulper reject from the paper industry for bio-oil production has been investigated. Hydropulper reject consists of 20% fiber and 80% plastic (High Density Polyethylene, HDPE>90%). This solid material has potential to be converted into oil fuel through pyrolysis. This study aims to investigate the pyrolysis of hydropulper reject pellets for bio-oil as fuel oil production. After being separated from the metals, hydropulper reject was dried, shredded, and shaped into pellets with 10 mm diameter and 20-30 mm length. The pellets had calorific value of 29.30 MJ/kg (dried based, db) with volatile matter 84.84% (db). The pellets were pyrolized with a combustion-pyrolysis combination reactor. The product was combustible bio-oil as much as ±40% of feedstock and had calorific value of 77.79 MJ/kg. Estimated electricity generated from syngas utilization about 1.08 kWh/kg.  Keywords: hydropulper reject, pyrolysis, bio-oil, syngas, electricity 


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