scholarly journals Deep-learning Based Histological Analysis of Femoral Artery Plaques Reveals Significant Gender Differences in Atherosclerotic Plaque Morphology

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. e567
Author(s):  
Mirjami Laivuori ◽  
Johanna Tolva ◽  
A. Inkeri Lokki ◽  
Maarit Venermo ◽  
Johan Lundin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Plaque Morphology

Vesseg: An Open-Source Tool for Deep Learning-Based Atherosclerotic Plaque Quantification in Histopathology Image

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Murray ◽  
P. Pfeffer ◽  
R. Seifert ◽  
A. Hermann ◽  
J. Handke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
Plaque Quantification ◽  
Atherosclerosis Research ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Microscopy Images

Objective: Manual plaque segmentation in microscopy images is a time-consuming process in atherosclerosis research and potentially subject to unacceptable user-to-user variability and observer bias. We address this by releasing Vesseg a tool that includes state-of-the-art deep learning models for atherosclerotic plaque segmentation. Approach and Results: Vesseg is a containerized, extensible, open-source, and user-oriented tool. It includes 2 models, trained and tested on 1089 hematoxylin-eosin stained mouse model atherosclerotic brachiocephalic artery sections. The models were compared to 3 human raters. Vesseg can be accessed at https://vesseg .online or downloaded. The models show mean Soerensen-Dice scores of 0.91±0.15 for plaque and 0.97±0.08 for lumen pixels. The mean accuracy is 0.98±0.05. Vesseg is already in active use, generating time savings of >10 minutes per slide. Conclusions: Vesseg brings state-of-the-art deep learning methods to atherosclerosis research, providing drastic time savings, while allowing for continuous improvement of models and the underlying pipeline.

Abstract 102: Cd98 Modulates Atherosclerotic Plaque Morphology by Regulating Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation via the P-38 Map Kinase Pathway

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara McCurdy ◽  
Yvonne Baumer ◽  
Franz Hess ◽  
William A Boisvert
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Necrotic Core ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
Fibrous Cap ◽  
Plaque Area

Smooth muscle cells (SMC) are known to migrate and proliferate to form a stabilizing fibrous cap that encapsulates atherosclerotic plaques. It has been shown that CD98hc, a transmembrane protein with a known role in amino acid transport and integrin signaling, is involved in proliferation and survival of various cell types including SMC. Based on these data, we hypothesized that CD98hc deficiency selectively in SMC would have pathogenic effects on atherosclerosis development and plaque composition. To test this, we utilized mice with SMC-specific deletion of the CD98hc ( CD98hc fl/fl SM22Cre + ) to determine the effects of CD98hc deficiency on SMC function in the context of atherosclerosis. We performed in vitro proliferation and survival/apoptosis assays to investigate the role of CD98hc in the proliferation and survival of primary mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells. We found that VSMC isolated from whole aortas of CD98hc -/- animals displayed approximately 60% reduced cell counts compared to control (41 ± 8.2% of control) after 5 days in culture. EdU assays in vivo showed a defect in the ability of CD98hc -/- SMC to proliferate, with 25% reduction in EdU-positive VSMC compared to controls (2.3 ± 0.2% vs 3 ± 0.2%). In addition, caspase-3 staining of SMC in vitro displayed a 41% increase in propensity of CD98hc -/- SMC to undergo apoptosis compared to controls (7.9 ± 0.6% vs 5.6 ± 0.5%). Furthermore, the absence of CD98hc in SMC caused a sharp increase in phosphorylated p-38, which was partially abrogated towards control levels when the cells were treated with PDGF-BB to induce proliferation. Long-term atherosclerosis study using SMC-CD98hc -/- /LDLR -/- mice showed that atherosclerotic plaque morphology was altered with increased necrotic core area (25.8 ± 1.9% vs 10.9 ± 1.6% necrotic core area per plaque area) due to a reduction in infiltration of SMC within the plaque (2.1 ± 0.4% vs 4.3 ± 0.4% SM22α positive area per plaque area) compared to control LDLR -/- mice. These data support an important role for CD98hc and its regulation of p-38 MAP kinase signaling in aortic vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and survival. We conclude that CD98hc is critical for the formation of fibrous cap that is important in maintaining the stability of atherosclerotic plaque.

scholarly journals Osteoid Metaplasia in Femoral Artery Plaques Is Associated With the Clinical Severity of Lower Extremity Artery Disease in Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjami Laivuori ◽  
Johanna Tolva ◽  
A. Inkeri Lokki ◽  
Nina Linder ◽  
Johan Lundin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Image Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Area Percentage ◽  
Lower Extremity Artery Disease ◽  
Whole Slide Images

Lamellar metaplastic bone, osteoid metaplasia (OM), is found in atherosclerotic plaques, especially in the femoral arteries. In the carotid arteries, OM has been documented to be associated with plaque stability. This study investigated the clinical impact of OM load in femoral artery plaques of patients with lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) by using a deep learning-based image analysis algorithm. Plaques from 90 patients undergoing endarterectomy of the common femoral artery were collected and analyzed. After decalcification and fixation, 4-μm-thick longitudinal sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, digitized, and uploaded as whole-slide images on a cloud-based platform. A deep learning-based image analysis algorithm was trained to analyze the area percentage of OM in whole-slide images. Clinical data were extracted from electronic patient records, and the association with OM was analyzed. Fifty-one (56.7%) sections had OM. Females with diabetes had a higher area percentage of OM than females without diabetes. In male patients, the area percentage of OM inversely correlated with toe pressure and was significantly associated with severe symptoms of LEAD including rest pain, ulcer, or gangrene. According to our results, OM is a typical feature of femoral artery plaques and can be quantified using a deep learning-based image analysis method. The association of OM load with clinical features of LEAD appears to differ between male and female patients, highlighting the need for a gender-specific approach in the study of the mechanisms of atherosclerotic disease. In addition, the role of plaque characteristics in the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions warrants further consideration in the future.

Su1151 DEEP LEARNING FOR HISTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TUMOR-LYMPHOCYTE INTERACTIONS IN PANCREATIC DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-525
Author(s):  
Soma Kobayashi ◽  
Han Le ◽  
Lucie Chrastecka ◽  
Rajarsi Gupta ◽  
Le Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Vascular Diseases and Arterial Pressure Wave Propagation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mookerjee ◽  
A. M. Al-Jumaily ◽  
A. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Pressure Pulses

The propagation of pressure pulses between the carotid and the femoral artery is studied by calculating a pressure ratio (PR) between these locations. This ratio is parameterized into different features to permit a quantitative comparison between the PRs. The results obtained from such comparison suggest that it would be possible to non-invasively identify the size and severity of atherosclerotic plaque deposits by studying the features of the carotid-femoral PR.

Computational Analysis of Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability Due to Hemodynamic Effects

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramses Galaz ◽  
Rosaire Mongrain ◽  
Valerie Pazos ◽  
Richard Leask ◽  
Jean Claude Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mechanical Failure ◽  
Myocardial Infarctions ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture

Atherosclerotic plaque rupture has been extensively associated with acute myocardial infarctions, the leading cause of death in developed countries. When a plaque ruptures in the coronary arteries, it often leads to a clot formation that restricts the flow of blood downstream of the coronaries causing damage to the myocardial tissue. Hemodynamic factors combined with certain plaque morphologies and material properties play an important role in the mechanical failure of the plaque [1]. It is essential for clinicians to understand the vulnerability of plaques and the particular physiological conditions that lead to their mechanical failure. Our study focused on understanding the physical interaction between blood flow, plaque morphology and tissue properties to assess the plaque’s degree of vulnerability.

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