Early childhood exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with increased risk of paediatric asthma: An administrative cohort study from Stockholm, Sweden

Exposure to air pollution has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of women’s health disorders. However, it remains unknown to what extent changes in ambient air pollution affect gynecological cancer. In our case–control study, the logistic regression model was combined with the restricted cubic spline to examine the association of short-term exposure to air pollution with gynecological cancer events using the clinical data of 35,989 women in Beijing from December 2008 to December 2017. We assessed the women’s exposure to air pollutants using the monitor located nearest to each woman’s residence and working places, adjusting for age, occupation, ambient temperature, and ambient humidity. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were examined to evaluate gynecologic cancer risk in six time windows (Phase 1–Phase 6) of women’s exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) and the highest ORs were found in Phase 4 (240 days). Then, the higher adjusted ORs were found associated with the increased concentrations of each pollutant (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) in Phase 4. For instance, the adjusted OR of gynecological cancer risk for a 1.0-mg m−3 increase in CO exposures was 1.010 (95% CI: 0.881–1.139) below 0.8 mg m−3, 1.032 (95% CI: 0.871–1.194) at 0.8–1.0 mg m−3, 1.059 (95% CI: 0.973–1.145) at 1.0–1.4 mg m−3, and 1.120 (95% CI: 0.993–1.246) above 1.4 mg m−3. The ORs calculated in different air pollution levels accessed us to identify the nonlinear association between women’s exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) and the gynecological cancer risk. This study supports that the gynecologic risks associated with air pollution should be considered in improved public health preventive measures and policymaking to minimize the dangerous effects of air pollution.

Download Full-text

Air Pollution, housing and respirfatory tract Infections in Children: NatIonal birth Cohort study (PICNIC): study protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e048038

Author(s):

Graziella Favarato ◽

Tom Clemens ◽

Steven Cunningham ◽

Chris Dibben ◽

Alison Macfarlane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Housing Conditions ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Housing Characteristics ◽

Tract Infections

IntroductionRespiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common reason for hospital admission among children <5 years in the UK. The relative contribution of ambient air pollution exposure and adverse housing conditions to RTI admissions in young children is unclear and has not been assessed in a UK context.Methods and analysisThe aim of the PICNIC study (Air Pollution, housing and respiratory tract Infections in Children: NatIonal birth Cohort Study) is to quantify the extent to which in-utero, infant and childhood exposures to ambient air pollution and adverse housing conditions are associated with risk of RTI admissions in children <5 years old. We will use national administrative data birth cohorts, including data from all children born in England in 2005–2014 and in Scotland in 1997–2020, created via linkage between civil registration, maternity and hospital admission data sets. We will further enhance these cohorts via linkage to census data on housing conditions and socioeconomic position and small area-level data on ambient air pollution and building characteristics. We will use time-to-event analyses to examine the association between air pollution, housing characteristics and the risk of RTI admissions in children, calculate population attributable fractions for ambient air pollution and housing characteristics, and use causal mediation analyses to explore the mechanisms through which housing and air pollution influence the risk of infant RTI admission.Ethics, expected impact and disseminationTo date, we have obtained approval from six ethics and information governance committees in England and two in Scotland. Our results will inform parents, national and local governments, the National Health Service and voluntary sector organisations of the relative contribution of adverse housing conditions and air pollution to RTI admissions in young children. We will publish our results in open-access journals and present our results to the public via parent groups and social media and on the PICNIC website. Code and metadata will be published on GitHub.

Download Full-text

Association of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution with the incidence of sleep disorders: A cohort study in China

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111956 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 211 ◽

pp. 111956

Author(s):

Zhebin Yu ◽

Fang Wei ◽

Mengyin Wu ◽

Hongbo Lin ◽

Liming Shui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution

Download Full-text

Association of Stillbirth With Ambient Air Pollution in a California Cohort Study

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/aje/kwu460 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 181 (11) ◽

pp. 874-882 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Rochelle Green ◽

Varada Sarovar ◽

Brian Malig ◽

Rupa Basu

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution

Download Full-text

Regular running in an air-polluted environment: physiological and anthropometric protocol for a prospective cohort study (Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment Study – Program 4)

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040529 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e040529

Author(s):

Lukas Cipryan ◽

Petr Kutac ◽

Tomas Dostal ◽

Matthew Zimmermann ◽

Miroslav Krajcigr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Study Program ◽

Industrial Environment ◽

Environment Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

IntroductionAmbient air pollution is a global environmental problem, which causes adverse health effects and premature deaths worldwide. Although regular exercise and physical activity have evident health benefits, the influence of long-term air pollution exposure during regular outdoor running has not been definitively clarified.Methods and analysisThis study protocol describes the physiological and anthropometric perspectives of the ‘Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment’ Study – Programme 4 (4HAIE). The 4HAIE research project is intended to be a single-centre, prospective, longitudinal and multidisciplinary cohort study. The presented study protocol describes the cross-sectional measurements and analyses. Overall, 1500 adult participants (age 18–65 years), runners and inactive individuals, living in a high or low air-polluted area of the Czech Republic will be recruited. We will measure and analyse biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in the blood, exercise capacity (graded exercise test and spiroergometry), blood pressure, lung function (spirometry), cardiac autonomic regulation and anthropometry (body composition).Ethics and disseminationThe 4HAIE study protocol has already been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Ostrava (3/2018). A detailed participant information sheet will be provided to each individual prior to obtaining their written informed consent. The study poses little to no risk to participants. The findings of this study will be disseminated at regional and international conferences, in peer-reviewed journals and via social and broadcast media.

Download Full-text

Early Pregnancy Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution among Late-Onset Preeclamptic Cases Is Associated with Placental DNA Hypomethylation of Specific Genes and Slower Placental Maturation

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics9120338 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 338

Author(s):

Karin Engström ◽

Yumjirmaa Mandakh ◽

Lana Garmire ◽

Zahra Masoumi ◽

Christina Isaxon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Dna Methylation ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Late Onset ◽

Dispersion Model ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Dna Hypomethylation ◽

Increased Risk

Exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia (PE). Some suggested mechanisms behind this association are changes in placental DNA methylation and gene expression. The objective of this study was to identify how early pregnancy exposure to ambient nitrogen oxides (NOx) among PE cases and normotensive controls influence DNA methylation (EPIC array) and gene expression (RNA-seq). The study included placentas from 111 women (29 PE cases/82 controls) in Scania, Sweden. First-trimester NOx exposure was assessed at the participants’ residence using a dispersion model and categorized via median split into high or low NOx. Placental gestational epigenetic age was derived from the DNA methylation data. We identified six differentially methylated positions (DMPs, q < 0.05) comparing controls with low NOx vs. cases with high NOx and 14 DMPs comparing cases and controls with high NOx. Placentas with female fetuses showed more DMPs (N = 309) than male-derived placentas (N = 1). Placentas from PE cases with high NOx demonstrated gestational age deceleration compared to controls with low NOx (p = 0.034). No differentially expressed genes (DEGs, q < 0.05) were found. In conclusion, early pregnancy exposure to NOx affected placental DNA methylation in PE, resulting in placental immaturity and showing sexual dimorphism.

Download Full-text