Exposure to metal mixture and growth indicators at 4–5 years. A study in the INMA-Asturias cohort

Since the mid-1980s there has been increasing interest in the effects of passive smoking on the health of children. It has been estimated that the total nicotine dose received by children whose parents smoke is equivalent to their actively smoking between 60 and 150 cigarettes per year. This review article considers the evidence for a relationship between passive smoking and disorders such as: prenatal damage to the fetus; poor growth indicators; respiratory illness; atopy and asthma; coronary heart disease; and sudden infant death syndrome. We conclude that paediatricians should not be complacent about the hazards of passive smoking for children and that public health education efforts should be continued

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Genotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Heavy Metal Mixture on Human Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Line

SDÜ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ ◽

10.22312/sdusbed.513022 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Emrah Yavuz ◽

Zeynep Banu Doğanlar

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Smooth Muscle ◽

Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cell ◽

Cell Line ◽

Muscle Cell ◽

Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell ◽

Metal Mixture ◽

Apoptotic Effects ◽

Muscle Cell Line

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Coating Characterizations and Evaluation of Ceramic Metal Mixture Slurry Based Thermal Barrier Coating for Automotive Turbocharger Turbine Application

Seventh International Conference on Advances in Mechanical and Robotics Engineering AMRE 2018 ◽

10.15224/978-1-63248-159-7-16 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

alias mohd noor ◽

Fadzlun Nadrah ◽

UDAY M

Keyword(s):

Thermal Barrier Coating ◽

Thermal Barrier ◽

Metal Mixture ◽

Barrier Coating

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Hepatoprotective Effect of Costus Afer On Trace Metal Mixture Treated Rats Mediated By Regulation of Oxidative Stress Markers, Inflammatory Cytokines And Bio-Metal Chelation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-400513/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brilliance Onyinyechi Anyanwu ◽

Anthonet N. Ezejiofor ◽

Ify L. Nwaogazie ◽

Orish Ebere Orisakwe

Keyword(s):

Trace Metal ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Lead Chloride ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Mercury Chloride ◽

Metal Chelation ◽

Metal Mixture ◽

Costus Afer

Abstract Technological developments have led to exposure to various substances that are harmful to the environment and public health, including heavy metals. In the environment, these grades of metals are usually diverse mixtures shown to cause physiological, biochemical and neurological dysfunctions in humans and laboratory animals. Cadmium, Lead, and mercury have been envisaged to exhibit their hepatotoxic effects by oxidative induction damage and synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The current work evaluated the protective activity of aqueous leaf extract of Costus afer (ALECA)) on liver damage arsing from exposure to trace metal mixture (TMM): cadmium chloride (CdCl2), lead chloride (PbCl2), and mercury chloride (HgCl2). Five groups of weight matched Sprague Dawley rats were treated for 90 days. Metal mixture and deionized water were used to treat the 2 groups of rats whereas the other 3 groups were treated with various doses of the ALECA through oral gavage alongside the metal mixture. Hepatic function parameters, oxidative biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines, Morphological changes and trace metals (concentrations were monitored in the liver). TMM treatment resulted in significant increase in ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, IL-6, MDA, but decreased albumin, total protein, IL-10, SOD, CAT and GSH levels. TMM also caused some morphological changes and increased the heavy metal (Pb, Cd and Hg) concentrations in the liver. The leaf extract gave a reasonable protective effect on the hepatotoxicity caused by trace metal mixture - through the mechanisms of metal chelation, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant although this depends on the dosage to the rats. ALECA may be beneficial in the management of liver toxicity.

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SMART GROWTH PROGRESS IN EUROPEAN UNION: A COHESION APPROACH

Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design Series Economic sciences ◽

10.30857/2413-0117.2019.2.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (2) ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

Viktor Kozlovskij

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Economic Development ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Smart Growth ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Member States ◽

Eu Countries ◽

Development Level ◽

Growth Indicators ◽

The Eu

Economic development and socioeconomic cohesion have always been an object of scientific research. In particular, this issue had become a focus of attention after EU enlargement in 2004 and Great Recession in 2007–2009. The above changes have given way to a certain slowdown in economic growth in most EU countries along with triggering a range of divergence processes between EU countries and regions. As a response to situation, the EU offered a Europe 2020 strategy, in which smart growth was mentioned as one of critical instruments to deal with increasing menaces. The objective of the study is to evaluate the progress of the main smart growth indicators (investment in research and development (R&D), employment rate and share of population obtaining tertiary education) in the EU over the period 2001–2017 within the framework of the economic cohesion concept. The paper seeks to explore the EU from different perspectives. First, the EU new member states (EU-10) and the old ones (EU-14) were compared. Second, the EU countries were divided by economic development level (calculated by GDP per capita in PPP): highly developed (H-7), medium developed (M-7) and less developed (L-7) countries. Finally, aggregate cohesion indices of all three smart growth indicators were calculated for the entire EU (EU-28). The research findings have revealed some interesting trends. First, each smart growth indicator’s progress depends on countries’ economic development level. Aggregate values for more developed countries (EU-14, H-7 and G-3) are always higher than the EU average (EU-28) and aggregate values for less developed economies are basically lower. Second, cohesion progress of smart growth indicators was influenced by economic recession in 2007–2009. It is argued that cohesion is evident in times of economic growth, but its progress ceases or divergence might occur in case of economic hazards. However, despite the expanding cohesion between the new and the old member states, a gap between certain groups of countries is even growing. This is clearly evident when the EU member states are divided into groups subject to the level of their economic development.

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