C-reactive protein as a marker of cardiovascular disease in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder treated in routine medical practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sicras-Mainar ◽  
J. Rejas-Gutiérrez ◽  
R. Navarro-Artieda ◽  
M. Blanca-Tamayo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Very High

AbstractObjectiveInterest in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in schizophrenia has grown recently due to documented incremental mortality. C-reactive protein (CRP) has been assessed as a marker in individuals with CVD and/or at high risk of developing it. However, its role in schizophrenia patients is unknown. The goal of this research was thus to explore the use of CRP as a marker of CVD risk in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of the Badalona Serveis Assistencials (BSA) administrative claims database was conducted including all subjects aged > 18 years with a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder. CRP measurement, sociodemographics, medical history, 10-year CVD risk (Framingham function) and clinical chemistry data were extracted for analysis.ResultsSeven hundred and five patients (53.0% men, 48.2 [15.8] years, 78.7% on atypicals) met criteria for analysis. Mean 10-year CVD risk was high; 11.9 ± 5.7% and mean CRP levels were 2.6 ± 2.5 mg/L with 30.4% showing above-normative levels (> 3 mg/L). After adjusting for age, gender, smoking and presence of neoplasm or inflammatory diseases, CRP was linearly associated with 10-year CVD risk stratified by risk (low, moderate, high/very high): respectively, 2.3 (95% CI: 2.1–2.5), 3.1 (2.6–3.5) and 3.7 (3.2–4.1) mg/L; F = 13.5, P < 0.001. Patients with known CVD also showed higher CRP levels: 3.7 (2.9–4.5) vs. 2.5 (2.4–2.7) mg/L, P = 0.008; and higher probability of above-normal values; odds ratio = 4.71 (2.01–11.04), P < 0.001.ConclusionsHigh CRP levels above normative were associated with both known CVD and high/very high 10-year risk of a CVD event in patients with schizophrenia, suggesting CRP could be a marker of CVD in this psychiatric disorder.

scholarly journals The association between insomnia, c-reactive protein, and chronic low back pain: cross-sectional analysis of the HUNT study, Norway

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Kwan Ngai Ho ◽  
Milena Simic ◽  
Milada Cvancarova Småstuen ◽  
Marina de Barros Pinheiro ◽  
Paulo Herrique Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Low Back ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background and aims Chronic low back pain (chronic LBP) is the number one cause for years lived with disability among 301 diseases and injuries analyzed by The Global Burden of Disease study 2013. Insomnia is highly prevalent among people with chronic LBP. To explain the sleep-pain relationship, theoretical models propose that insomnia symptoms may be associated with increased basal inflammation, operationalized as c-reactive protein (CRP) and lead to further pain and disrupted sleep. We aimed to determine the associations between insomnia, chronic LBP, and inflammation (operationalized as CRP), whilst controlling for age, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, depression, anxiety and osteoarthritis. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of the third Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (2006–2008), a rural population survey of 50,666 participants in Norway aged 20–96 years. Insomnia (dichotomous) was defined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition, and chronic LBP (dichotomous) as low back pain or stiffness lasting at least 3 months. Data for CRP were obtained from non-fasting serum samples and assessed via latex immunoassay methodology. We excluded participants with the following self-reported chronic somatic diseases: chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia or ankylosing spondylosis. Possible associations between presence of insomnia and presence of chronic LBP (dependent), and the level of CRP and presence of chronic LBP (dependent), were assessed using logistic regression models. The possible association between insomnia and CRP (dependent) was assessed using linear regression. Multivariable analyses were conducted adjusting for confounders stated in our aim that achieved p ≤ 0.2 in univariate regressions. We performed stratified analyses for participants with “Normal” (<3 mg/L) “Elevated” (3–10 mg/L) and “Very High” (>10 mg/L) levels of CRP. Results In our total included sample (n = 30,669, median age 52.6, 54% female), 6.1% had insomnia (n = 1,871), 21.4% had chronic LBP (n = 6,559), and 2.4% had both (n = 719). Twenty four thousand two hundred eighty-eight (79%) participants had “Normal” CRP, 5,275 (17%) had “Elevated” CRP, and 1,136 (4%) had “Very High” CRP. For participants with “Normal” levels of CRP, insomnia was associated with higher levels of CRP (adjusted B = 0.04, 95%CI [0.00–0.08], p = 0.046), but not for people with “Elevated” or “Very High” levels of CRP. There was an association between CRP and presence of chronic LBP in the total sample (adjusted OR = 1.01, [1.00–1.01], p = 0.013) and for people with “Normal” CRP (1.05, [1.00–1.10, p = 0.034]. Insomnia was associated with the presence of chronic LBP in the total sample (adjusted OR = 1.99, 95%CI [1.79–2.21], <0.001) and for people with “Normal”, “Elevated” and “Very High”. Conclusions Individuals with insomnia have twice the odds of reporting chronic LBP. Insomnia, CRP and chronic LBP appear to be linked but the role of CRP appears to be limited. Longitudinal studies may help further explore the causal inference between insomnia chronic LBP, and inflammation. Implications Given the strong relationship between insomnia and chronic LBP, screening and management of comorbid insomnia and chronic LBP should be considered in clinical practice. Further longitudinal studies are required to explore whether the presence of insomnia and increased inflammation affects the development of chronic LBP.

scholarly journals Ethnic Differences in C-Reactive Protein Concentrations

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyson Kelley-Hedgepeth ◽  
Donald M Lloyd-Jones ◽  
Alicia Colvin ◽  
Karen A Matthews ◽  
Janet Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
White Women ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein

Abstract Background: Limited data exist regarding the ethnic differences in C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, an inflammatory marker associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that known CVD risk factors, including anthropometric characteristics, would explain much of the observed ethnic variation in CRP. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 3154 women, without known CVD and not receiving hormone therapy, enrolled in the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN), a multiethnic prospective study of pre- and perimenopausal women. Results: The study population was 47.4% white, 27.7% African-American, 8.5% Hispanic, 7.7% Chinese, and 8.6% Japanese; mean age was 46.2 years. African-American women had the highest median CRP concentrations (3.2 mg/L), followed by Hispanic (2.3 mg/L), white (1.5 mg/L), Chinese (0.7 mg/L), and Japanese (0.5 mg/L) women (all pairwise P &lt; 0.001 compared with white women). Body mass index (BMI) markedly attenuated the association between ethnicity and CRP. After adjusting for age, socioeconomic status, BMI, and other risk factors, African-American ethnicity was associated with CRP concentrations &gt;3 mg/L (odds ratio 1.37, 95% CI 1.07–1.75), whereas Chinese and Japanese ethnicities were inversely related (0.58, 0.35–0.95, and 0.43, 0.26–0.72, respectively). Conclusions: Modifiable risk factors, particularly BMI, account for much but not all of the ethnic differences in CRP concentrations. Further study is needed of these ethnic differences and their implications for the use of CRP in CVD risk prediction.

Extrapyramidal side effects and functional remission in schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S195-S196
Author(s):  
B. Ghajati ◽  
C. Leila ◽  
L. Raja ◽  
C. Majda
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Social Autonomy

Treating patients with schizophrenia has evolved towards including, as an effective goal, their functional remission. Beyond the discrepancies in this concept definition, a plethora of studies has been conducted trying to identify predictors of functioning in schizophrenia. Among which antipsychotic prescription and related side effects.AimExplore extrapyramidal side effects link with functional prognosis of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study in the psychiatry department “C”, in Razi hospital (Tunis), between October 2014 and March 2015. Sixty patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorder (DSM IV-R) were included. Functional status was explored with the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF), the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) and the Social Autonomy Scale (EAS). Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) were evaluated using the Simpson and Angus Rating Scale (SAS).ResultsFunctional remission was achieved according to GAF, SOFAS and EAS in respectively: 63,30%, 48,30% and 51,70% of the patients. SAS mean score was 0.898 ± 0.29 (0.4–2). Although SAS showed no significant association with GAF, SOFAS and EAS global scores, patient with less EPS had better autonomy in EAS’ dimension “Relationship with the outside” (P = 0.048).ConclusionEPS may influence functional remission at several levels starting from the neurobiological to the social stigmatization and the treatment adherence levels. Further research in this matter is required.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Whole grain intake compared with cereal fibre intake in association to CVD risk factors: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (UK)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1392-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eden M Barrett ◽  
Birdem Amoutzopoulos ◽  
Marijka J Batterham ◽  
Sumantra Ray ◽  
Eleanor J Beck
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Reactive Protein

AbstractObjective:To investigate how intakes of whole grains and cereal fibre were associated to risk factors for CVD in UK adults.Design:Cross-sectional analyses examined associations between whole grain and cereal fibre intakes and adiposity measurements, serum lipid concentrations, C-reactive protein, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, HbA1c, homocysteine and a combined CVD relative risk score.Setting:The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Rolling Programme 2008–2014.Participants:A nationally representative sample of 2689 adults.Results:Participants in the highest quartile (Q4) of whole grain intake had lower waist–hip ratio (Q1 0·872; Q4 0·857; P = 0·04), HbA1c (Q1 5·66 %; Q4 5·47 %; P = 0·01) and homocysteine (Q1 9·95 µmol/l; Q4 8·76 µmol/l; P = 0·01) compared with participants in the lowest quartile (Q1), after adjusting for dietary and lifestyle factors, including cereal fibre intake. Whole grain intake was inversely associated with C-reactive protein using multivariate analysis (P = 0·02), but this was not significant after final adjustment for cereal fibre. Cereal fibre intake was also inversely associated with waist–hip ratio (P = 0·03) and homocysteine (P = 0·002) in multivariate analysis.Conclusions:Similar inverse associations between whole grain and cereal fibre intakes to CVD risk factors suggest the relevance of cereal fibre in the protective effects of whole grains. However, whole grain associations often remained significant after adjusting for cereal fibre intake, suggesting additional constituents may be relevant. Intervention studies are needed to compare cereal fibre intake from non-whole grain sources to whole grain intake.

T- wave axis deviation is associated with biomarkers of low-grade inflammation

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (12) ◽  
pp. 1199-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marialaura Bonaccio ◽  
Augusto Di Castelnuovo ◽  
Livia Rago ◽  
Amalia De Curtis ◽  
Deodato Assanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Grade ◽  
Axis Deviation ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
T Wave Axis ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

SummaryT-wave axis deviation (TDev) may help identifying subjects at risk for major cardiac events and mortality, but the pathogenesis of TDev is not well established; in particular, the possible association between TDev and inflammation is unexplored and unknown. We aimed at investigating the association between low-grade inflammation and TDev abnormalities by conducting a cross-sectional analysis on 17,507 subjects apparently free from coronary heart and haematological diseases enrolled in the MOLI-SANI study. TDev was measured from a standard 12-lead resting electrocardiogram. High sensitivity (Hs) C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte (WBC) and platelet counts, neutrophil or granulocyte to lymphocyte ratios were used as markers of inflammation. In multivariable model subjects reporting high CRP levels had higher odds of having borderline and abnormal TDev (OR=1.70; 95 %CI: 1.53–1.90 and OR=1.72; 95 %CI: 1.23–2.41, respectively); the association was still significant, although reduced, after controlling for body mass index (OR=1.17; 95 %CI: 1.05–1.32, for borderline and OR=1.46; 95 %CI: 1.03–2.08, for abnormal). Similarly, higher neutrophil or granulocyte to lymphocyte ratios were associated with increased odds of having abnormal TDev. Neither platelet nor leukocyte counts were associated with abnormal TDev. The relationship between CRP with TDev abnormalities was significantly stronger in men, in non- obese or normotensive individuals, and in those without metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, C-reactive protein and some cellular biomarkers of inflammation such as granulocyte or neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios were independently associated with abnormal TDev, especially in subjects at low CVD risk. These results suggest that a low-grade inflammation likely contributes to the pathogenesis of T- wave axis deviation.

Protein-c-reactive as a marker of inflammation and cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional analysis of a healthcare provider administrative claim database

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1488-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sicras-Mainar ◽  
J. Rejas ◽  
R. Navarro-Artieda ◽  
M. Blanca-Tamayo
Keyword(s):  
Claim Database ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Very High

PurposeThe goal of this research was to explore the use of PCR as a marker of inflammation and CVD in patients with Schizophrenia.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of the BSA administrative claim database was conducted including all men and women, >18 years, with a schizophrenia spectrum disorders (by DSM-IV criteria) diagnosis. PCR measurement together with socio-demographics, evolution, medical history, 10-years CVD risk (Framingham equation) and biochemistry data was extracted for analysis.Results705 patients [53.0% men, 48.2 ± 15.8 years (mean ± SD), 5.9 ± 3.2 years of evolution, 79.7% on atypical drugs] met criteria for analysis. Mean 10-year CVD risk was high; 11.9% ± 5.7% and mean PCR levels were 2.6 + 2.5 mg/L with 30.4% showing values above normal's (≥ 3 mg/L). Unadjusted PCR slightly correlated with CVD risk; r = 0.171, p < 0.001. After adjusting by age, sex, evolution, smoking and anti-inflammatory drugs treatment, PCR was linearly associated with 10-year CVD risk stratified by its level of risk (low, moderate, high/very high); respectively, 2.3 (95% CI: 2.1–2.5), 3.1 (2.6–3.5) and 3.7 (3.2–4.1) mg/L; F = 13.5, p < 0.001. Patients with known CVD showed also higher PCR levels; 3.7 (2.9–4.5) vs. 2.5 (2.4–2.7) mg/L, p = 0.008, and higher probability of values above normal's; Odds Ratio = 4.71 (2.01–11.04), p < 0.001.ConclusionsHigh PCR levels (above normals) were associated with both known CVD and high/very high 10-year risk of CVD event in patients with schizophrenia. Then, PCR might be a marker of inflammation and CVD in this psychiatric disorder.

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