The negative image psychiatry from a sociological perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S63-S63
Author(s):  
A.M. Möller-Leimkühler ◽  
H.J. Möller ◽  
W. Maier ◽  
W. Gaebel ◽  
P. Falkai
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
The Media ◽  
Associative Stigma ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Medical Disciplines

The negative image of psychiatry is not only due to unfavourable communication with the media, but is basically a problem of self-conceptualization. It results both from unjustified prejudices of the general public, mass media and health care professionals and of own unfavourable coping with external and internal concerns.Issues related to negative stereotypes of psychiatry include overestimation of coercion, associative stigma, lack of public knowledge, need of simplification of complex mental issues, problem of the continuum between normality and psychopathology, competition with medical and non-medical disciplines, and psychopharmacological treatment.Issues related to psychiatry's own contribution to being underestimated include lack of a clear professional identity, lack of biomarkers supporting clinical diagnoses, limited consensus about best treatment options, lack of collaboration with other medical disciplines and low recruitment rates among medical students.Much can be improved to achieve a positive self-concept, however, psychiatry will remain a profession with an exceptional position among the medical disciplines which should be seen as its specific strength.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

The Rio 2016 Paralympic Games: The Visibility of People With Disabilities in Brazil as a Possible Legacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 216747952094273
Author(s):  
Doralice Lange de Souza ◽  
Ian Brittain
Keyword(s):  
Medical Model ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
The Media ◽  
Paralympic Sport ◽  
Medical Model Of Disability ◽  
Managerial Positions ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Paralympic Games

There are claims that the Paralympic Games (PG) might contribute to a better world for people with disabilities (PWD). However, there are also claims that the PG might in fact be counterproductive to the PWD’s rights movement because they might promote the medical model of disability and/or ableism. In this context, we developed a qualitative exploratory study to investigate the legacies of the Rio 2016 PG from the perspective of disability rights activists and people involved in Paralympic sport managerial positions. In this article, we discuss one of the main perceived legacies that the PG fostered PWD’s visibility and a change in society’s perception of PWD. We conducted 24 open in-depth interviews and found that, for our participants, the PG worked as a showcase for PWD who were rarely seen in the media and in public spaces before the Games. This visibility helped to challenge negative stereotypes and stigmas associated with PWD, as well as possibly opening new doors for them. Our interviewees believe that we shouldn’t expect that the PG alone can change people’s perceptions and PWD’s status overnight. They are part of a larger and complex set of actions that are slowly contributing to this process.

scholarly journals Thoughts on the Ageing Body

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Ghillani
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Artificial Image ◽  
The Media ◽  
Ageing Body ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Representations

AbstractRecent studies have taken into account the fact that the lives of older people have changed drastically in the past fifty years. Older people today engage more with society and are also expected to maintain an active role in their communities. In order to maintain a positive social status, todays older adults need both to challenge negative stereotypes and also to achieve the “unachievable” positive representations in the media. Society plays a complex game of bodily images: the artificial image of the human body in the media, the image that individuals try to project, and the image that society reflects back to the individual. When the three don’t coincide, the collision creates a distancing effect. To truly understand the lived experiences of older adults in contemporary society we must explore the changing perceptions of the body. This review will illustrate the arguments both classical and contemporary through an exploration of the ageing female body, which remains the focus of most of the literature.

scholarly journals Immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a brief review

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
Organ Systems

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (icis) such as inhibitors of ctla-4, PD-1, and PD-L1, given as monotherapy or combination therapy have emerged as effective treatment options for immune-sensitive solid tumours and hematologic malignancies. The benefits of icis can be offset by immune-related adverse events (iraes) that leave all organ systems vulnerable and subsequently increase the risk for morbidity and mortality.Because of fluctuating onset and prolonged duration, the toxicities associated with iraes represent a shift from the understanding of conventional anticancer toxicities. The ctla-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors modulate T-cell response differently, resulting in distinct toxicity patterns, toxicity kinetics, and dose–toxicity relationships. Using individualized patient education, screening, and assessment for the early identification of iraes is key to proactive management and is therefore key to improving outcomes and prolonging therapy.Management of iraes is guided by appropriate grading, which sets the stage for the treatment setting (outpatient vs. inpatient), ici treatment course (delay vs. discontinuation), supportive care, corticosteroid use, organ specialist consultation, and additional immunosuppression. Health care professionals in oncology must work collaboratively with emergency and community colleagues to facilitate an understanding of iraes in an effort to optimize seamless care.

Evaluation of The use of Psychoactive Substances Among Patients Admitted to a Cardiology Intensive Care Unit: Prevalence and Prevention

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S201-S201
Author(s):  
C. Chevallier ◽  
A. Batisse ◽  
B. Merat ◽  
J.G. Dillinger ◽  
E. Bourgogne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Therapeutic Management ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Cardiac Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Toxicological Research ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
High Level ◽  
Systematic Identification

IntroductionAddiction to psychoactive substances (PAS) can lead to cardiovascular complications. Cardiotoxicity of drugs is known but it is rarely documented by toxicology.ObjectivesWe conducted a prevalence study on PAS use among patients with cardiac symptoms, with an analysis of diagnosis and a description of PAS user's characteristics.AimsTo improve the therapeutic management in addictology for cardiac patients.MethodsProspective observational study performed during 3 months. Patients admitted in cardiology had to complete a hetero-questionnaire about his PAS consumption and a qualitative toxicological research in urine and/or blood (immunochemical/GC–MS detection).ResultsOne hundred and sixty-one patients were included: 86% men, aged 24–68 years (Table 1). Results show a high level of PAS use in our population: 8.7%. A significant PAS use is observed among patients aged 40–70 years, with a prevalence of 22% for the 40–49, 15% for the 50–59 and 7% for the 60–69. PAS detected were mainly cannabis and cocaine. Clinical diagnoses of patients positive to PAS were acute coronary syndromes and severe cardiac arrhythmias.ConclusionsIn patients admitted in cardiology, toxicological screening is rarely done. Our study shows a significant PAS use among patients aged 40–70 years. According to data of the French Health Barometer, there is regular use of cannabis and cocaine at respectively 3% and 1.1% among people aged 18–64. These results invite us to achieve a more systematic identification of PAS use among patients with cardiovascular disorders and to optimize the therapeutic management by a systematic orientation in addictology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Magic in the Russian Marketplace: Creating Trust

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 568-586
Author(s):  
Faith Wigzell
Keyword(s):  
Social Trust ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

Focussing on a commercial magic specialist (mag) well-known in Petersburg today, the article examines the strategies adopted by her and others to gain the confidence of their clientele. It opens by examining the levels of social trust in Russia, arguing that distrust and feelings of defenselessness encourage a sizeable proportion of Russians with the traditional view that problems are externally generated, to think of turning for help to magic practitioners. With magic services derided in the media and condemned by the Church, the magic specialist NPP must counter this negative image as well as promote her services above those of her competitors. Whereas in 2006 she relied on press advertising and recommendation by satisfied customers, in 2012 her main promotional tool is her website. The article examines the specific ways in which she tackles the creation of a trustworthy image. Since magic services offer a kind of therapy, another aspect examined in detail is the relationship with psychology and psychotherapy. It is suggested that from the early 1990s to around 2005 magic specialists sought to hijack psychotherapy, but that more recently links have been played down as magic practitioners define their potential clientele more clearly. The article offers reasons for this, and speculates on future developments.

scholarly journals Franjo Tuđman in the Serbian Press From the First General HDZ Assembly to the Beginning of the Serb Rebellion in Croatia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-71
Author(s):  
Željka Križe
Keyword(s):  
General Assembly ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Political Propaganda ◽  
The Media ◽  
Magazine Articles

This work is devoted to analyzing, in the context of political propaganda and by using selected newspaper and magazine articles, the portrayal of Franjo Tuđman in the Serbian press in the period from the First General Assembly of the HDZ to the beginning of the Serb rebellion in Croatia. The role and purpose of the newspaper and magazine articles in creating a negative image of Franjo Tuđman through a process of artificially constructing an illusion of an enemy is shown and explained. The Serbian press, from the beginning, portrayed Franjo Tuđman as a Croatian nationalist and an enemy of the Serbian people. The media campaign against Franjo Tuđman seamlessly blended in with the patterns of the Greater Serbian propaganda campaign against Croatia. That broader campaign began in mid-1989 and steadily gathered pace. It was fuelled, first and foremost, by negative depictions of the Ustasha regime and the Independent State of Croatia (NDH).

scholarly journals The World capital of reggaeton: Verbal framing of Medellin in online media discourse

Ricercare ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Mariia Mykhalonok
Keyword(s):  
Online Media ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Frame Semantics ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Musical Genre ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
The City

This article examines linguistic framing of Medellin as the city of the musical genre reggaeton in online media discourse, drawing on Fillmore’s frame semantics theory (1977). The most salient frames applied towards Medellin are those of centrality, home, and music, whereby the city’s global significance as a musical hub is emphasized through the terms belonging to the frame of world. The use of components from the frames of crime and drugs suggests that the drug-related past of Medellin is integrated into its new cultural profile. Another part of the new Medellin brand are the city’s residents themselves, who are credited with supporting local reggaetonero/as, and are typically referred to with overtly positive vocabulary from the frames of love, help, and home. Although some texts evoke negative stereotypes about reggaeton, the media mostly present the Medellin reggaeton scene through the frames of success, power, and business.

scholarly journals Serbs as threat the extreme negative portrayal of the Serb “minority” in Albanian-language newspapers in Kosovo

Balcanica ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 165-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Zdravkovic-Zonta
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Master Narrative ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Natural Response ◽  
The Media ◽  
State Of Affairs

Through perpetuating negative stereotypes and rigid dichotomous identities, the media play a significant part in sustaining conflict dynamics in Kosovo. Examining their discourse in terms of ideological production and representations is crucial in order to understand the power relations between the majority and the minority, the identity politics involved in sustaining them, and the intractability of the conflict. In an effort to provide a deeper understanding of the intractable conflict in Kosovo, and the role of the media in protracting it, this study uses critical discourse analysis to examine articles related to issues affecting the Serb community, published in Albanian language print media. The master narrative that comes out of the analysis is that of ?threat? - the threat that Kosovo Albanians continue to face from Serbs and Serbia; a threat that is portrayed as historical and constant. The discourse further strengthens the conflict dynamics of opposition, polarization and even hatred. This master narrative implies that Serbs are enemies, to be feared, contested, fought against; conflict is thus the normal state of affairs. The study also looks at the implications of media discourse for reconciliation efforts and the prospects of the Serb minority in Kosovo society, arguing that when the Other is presented as dangerous and threatening, fear of the Other and a desire to eliminate the threat, physically and symbolically, become perceived as a ?natural? response, and thus constitute a significant conflict-sustaining dynamic.

Citra Lansia dalam Film ‘An’ (Selai Kacang Merah) dan ‘Oke Roujin!’ (Golden Orchestra)

KIRYOKU ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-227
Author(s):  
Lili Febriyani
Keyword(s):  
Successful Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Red Bean

People who have entered the final phase of life or elderly people, are often labeled with negative stereotypes regarding physical, psychological, and sociological changes. Various descriptions of the self-image of the elderly appear in various texts. This article discusses the image of the elderly in two Japanese films, entitled An (Sweet Bean) and Oke Rojin! (Golden Orchestra). By using Activity Theory, Successful Aging, and Loneliness, the research tries to analyze the image of the elderly that is constructed individually and in groups using the Content Analysis method. From the results of a thorough analysis of the components in the film, it can be concluded that the positive image of the elderly is constructed by looking for gaps of excellence from the shortcomings they have, and the positive image does not eliminate the depiction of the negative image. The elderly from both films try to make good use of old age, leaving the works in different ways, namely Tokue Yoshii with his red bean butter and the elderly orchestra with their first music and concerts.

scholarly journals P10 Reporting of offspring data in diabetes, HIV infection and hypertension trials during pregnancy: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. e21.1-e21
Author(s):  
B Aurich ◽  
T Martin-Montoya ◽  
D Zhang ◽  
E Jacqz-Aigrain
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Chronic Medication ◽  
Neonatal Deaths

BackgroundAccording to international guidelines clinical trials are conducted during pregnancy to evaluate benefits and risks of medicines for both the mother and her offspring. Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) reporting criteria apply to these trials and should include safety data on the offspring. The safety of maternal treatments is a key issue for health care professionals and parents. Diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and hypertension are among the most frequent chronic diseases worldwide in women of child bearing potential. The objective of this systematic review was to analyse offspring data reported in clinical trials conducted in pregnant women receiving chronic drug treatment for one of these conditions.MethodsPubmed and Embase (01/01/1997–31/12/2017) were searched for drug trials in pregnant women with diabetes, HIV infection or hypertension. Titles and abstracts were screened, followed by a full text review of eligible articles. Inclusion criteria were interventional clinical trials in pregnant women treated with chronic medication and full text in English. Trial characteristics, maternal and offspring data were extracted. Data was summarised by disease and study. Twelve key items were considered for the offspring. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42017057024).ResultsOverall, 196 articles reporting 132 clinical trials (diabetes n=55; HIV n=59; hypertension n=18) were included. The number of births were frequently not reported (diabetes 40%; HIV 24%; hypertension 56%). Congenital malformations were infrequently reported with sufficient detail (diabetes 27%; HIV 34%; hypertension 6%). Similar observations were made for other key items (e.g. foetal losses, neonatal deaths, birth weight corrected for gestational age).ConclusionsUnderreporting of key data for the offspring was frequent in publications of clinical trials in pregnant women with diabetes, HIV infection or hypertension making the assessment of the benefit-risk ratio of treatment options during pregnancy difficult.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document