No effect of cognitive performance on post-intervention improvement in emotion recognition

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S190-S190
Author(s):  
V.P. Bozikas ◽  
S. Tsotsi ◽  
A. Dardagani ◽  
E. Dandi ◽  
E.I. Nazlidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Competing Interest

Deficits in emotion perception in patients with first episode of psychosis have been reported by many researchers. Till now, training programs have focused mainly in patients with schizophrenia and not in first psychotic episode (FEP) patients. We used a new intervention for facial affect recognition in a group of 35 FEP patients (26 male). The emotion recognition intervention included coloured pictures of individuals expressing six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise, fear) and a neutral emotion. The patients were trained to detect changes in facial features, according to the emotion displayed. A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests was also administered, measuring attention, memory, working memory, visuospatial ability and executive function by using specific tests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). We tried to explore whether cognitive performance can explain the difference noted between the original assessment of emotion recognition and the post-intervention assessment. According to our data, overall cognitive performance did not correlate with post-intervention change in emotion recognition. Specific cognitive domains did not correlate with this change, either. According the above mentioned results, no significant correlation between neuropsychological performance and post-intervention improvement in emotion recognition was noted. This finding may suggest that interventions for emotion recognition may target specific processes that underlie emotion perception and their effect can be independent of general cognitive function.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The relationship of emotion recognition with neuropsychological performance in patients with first episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S190-S190
Author(s):  
A. Dardagani ◽  
E. Dandi ◽  
S. Tsotsi ◽  
M. Nazou ◽  
A. Lagoudis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Neuropsychological Dysfunction ◽  
First Psychotic Episode ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between neuropsychological dysfunction and emotion perception has been frequently noted in various studies. Attention, for example, has been found to play an important role in emotion processing and recognition. Not many studies though, have examined this relationship in first psychotic episode patients. The aim of the present study was to explore the nature of the relation between performance in cognitive tests and a test that measures emotion perception. In a sample of 46 first psychotic episode patients (22 male), we administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological non-verbal tests and an emotion recognition test. The cognitive domains of attention, memory, working memory, visuospatial ability and executive function were examined, by using specific tests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The emotion recognition assessment comprised a new test that includes 35 coloured pictures of individuals expressing six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise, fear) and a neutral emotion. We used partial correlation–controlling for the effect of age–and we found a statistically significant relationship between emotion recognition and overall cognitive performance. More specifically, attention, visual memory and visuospatial ability positively correlated with emotion recognition. In regard to specific cognitive domains, attention positively correlated with anger and fear, whereas visual memory correlated with happiness and fear. In conclusion, it seems that the role of underlying visual processes in emotion perception has to be further examined and evaluated in this group of patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A longitudinal evaluation of cognitive deficits in patients with first episode of psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S190-S190
Author(s):  
A. Dardagani ◽  
P. Athanasis ◽  
A. Lagoudis ◽  
A. Ramnalis ◽  
E. Ntouros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Mental Flexibility ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Over Time

It has been well documented in many studies till now that patients in their first episode of psychosis demonstrate cognitive deficits. However, it is yet to be made clear how these deficits progress. Deterioration, stability or even amelioration in some domains has been noted from researchers. The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal course of cognitive deficits over time. We administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological test to a group of first psychotic episode patients at the acute phase, 6 months and 1 year later. The sample comprised of 25 patients (13 male) in the first episode of psychosis. Specific tests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) were used. The cognitive domains of attention, memory, working memory, visuospatial ability and planning, mental flexibility/shifting were examined. Repeated measures ANOVA was used in order to detect changes in the patients’ performance over time. According to our data, there was an improvement from baseline to 6 months in attention, planning and visual working memory. There was no change in performance in these cognitive domains from 6 months to 1 year from baseline. Memory, mental flexibility/shifting and visuospatial memory remained stable over time. Our data suggest variability concerning neuropsychological performance in specific tests examining different domains. Evaluation of cognitive function in the first episode of psychosis needs more thorough and comprehensive research, in relation to its course over time.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

From ADHD to psychosis… executive functions and time

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S353-S353
Author(s):  
C.D.M. Isabel
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Stressful Life Event ◽  
Auditory Hallucination ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Memory Work ◽  
First Psychotic Episode ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionCognitive impairment is present from the early stages of psychotic disorders. Alterations are found mainly in areas of attention, memory work and executive functions. During adolescence, ADHD patients often suffer from secondary disorders to lack of efficient procurement processes information by the poor development of executive functions.ObjectiveEvaluation of a patient whose diagnosis of ADD evolve to acute psychotic episode.MethodReview by clinical and psychometric tests developments in executive functions disorders.ResultsTwelve years old patient who comes to the hospital since 2012, was initially diagnosed with literacy difficulties and low academic performance, after MFF-20 speaks of Learning Disabilities. It presents lack of motivation, apathy, difficulty in scheduling and organization and adherence to schedules, so they diagnosed ADD. It is given treatment with methylphenidate and atomoxetine, presenting erratic path.After a year without treatment and the presence of a major stressful life event, at 17, has a first episode, consisting in mutiste attitude, phenomena of self-referenciality, experiences of control, enforcement and dissemination of ideas and auditory hallucination imperative type.ConclusionsThe presence of emocional dysregulation and alterations in the executive functions atribuyen to ADD, in this case, were premorbid symtomatology of a first psychotic episode. The presence of positive symptoms allows to clarify the diagnosis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Treatment Adherence in Psychosis: A 2 Years Follow-Up of First-Psychotic Episode Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S271-S272
Author(s):  
S. Malta Vacas ◽  
R. Carvalho ◽  
M.J. Heitor
Keyword(s):  
Great Majority ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Term Care ◽  
First Psychotic Episode ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionMuch research on psychosis has focused on early detection and the development of effective interventions. However, the effectiveness of any intervention depends on the willingness of the patient to engage with an intervention in a sustained manner. Disengagement from treatment by patients with serious mental illness is a major concern of mental health services.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine the prevalence of disengagement in a longitudinal cohort of first episode psychosis (FEP) patients.MethodsRetrospective naturalistic 2 years follow-up study of FEP patients aged 18 to 35 admitted into the department of psychiatry of the Beatriz Angelo's hospital from 2012 to 2014. Data on socio-demographics, clinical characteristics, appointments and medication adherence and readmissions were collected.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2014 were admitted 56 patients with a FEP into the department of psychiatry of the Beatriz Angelo's hospital. The great majority of the patients (67.9%) disengaged from the treatment, both appointments and medication. Of those, 13.2% did not attend any appointment, 26.3% attended between one and three appointments and 60.5% attended at least 3 appointments before disengaged. About 23% were readmitted between the 2 years follow up period, 15.4% were readmitted more than once.ConclusionsThe evidence reviewed indicates that approximately 30% of individuals with FEP disengage from services. Continuity of care is of particular importance with FEP, given evidence suggesting that long-term care can improve symptoms and functioning and reduces relapse risk.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Insight and Social Cognition in First Episode of Psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S272-S272
Author(s):  
L. Martínez ◽  
A. Mané ◽  
R. Cortizo ◽  
I. Cáceres ◽  
D. Treen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Linear Correlation Analysis ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Insight Into

IntroductionImpairment of insight in psychotic disorder is associated with adverse impact in treatment compliance, outcome and social functioning although its underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Social cognition and more specifically Theory of mind have been proposed to be correlated to insight. However, the relationship between both factors is still not well defined.AimsTo study the association between social cognition and insight into mental illness in individuals with early psychosis included in the first episode of psychosis program of Hospital del Mar.MethodsFrom the 94 patients included in the first psychotic episode program between January 2011 and January 2016, thirty-eight patients were evaluated six months after the episode. The three initial items of SUMD (Scale Unawareness of Mental Disorder) were used to measure insight and MSCEIT (Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test) was used to assess social cognition. Linear correlation analysis by Pearson correlation was conducted.ResultsInsight results of SUMD six months after the first episode of psychosis were significantly associated with several subsections of MSCEIT, such as experiential area total punctuation (r = –0.574; P = 0.025), emotional facilitation section (r = –0.633; P = 0.011) and the facial emotion perception task (r = –0.572; P = 0.026).ConclusionsResults suggest an association between insight and emotional perception and facilitation performance in first episode patients, which may suggest a role of social cognition in psychosis insight impairment. Further research to better define the participation of social cognition in insight into psychosis alteration is mandatory to understand the etiology of insight, define treatment targets and consequently improve the disorder prognosis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Clozapine induced diarrhea

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s502-s502
Author(s):  
S. Ramos-Perdigues ◽  
M.J. Gordillo ◽  
C. Caballero ◽  
S. Latorre ◽  
S.V. Boned ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Anticholinergic Effects ◽  
Severe Diarrhea ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionClozapine (CZP) is the only antipsychotic approved for resistant schizophrenia 1. Due to its side effects, CZP is not the first therapeutic option in a psychotic episode. Its anticholinergic effects often cause constipation, however, diarrhea have also been described in literature.ObjectivesWe describe a patient with two episodes of severe diarrhea after clozapine initiation, which lead to CZP discontinuation.AimsDiscuss about the differential diagnosis of diarrhea in CZP patients and the needing of a further studies for clarify the more appropriate management in CZP induced diarrhea.MethodsWe present a case report of a 46 years man diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder who presented two episodes of severe diarrhea with fever, which forced his transfer to internal medicine and UCI after CZP initiation.ResultsAt the first episode analytical, radiological and histological findings led to Crohn's disease diagnosis, which required budesonide and mesalazine treatment. In the second episode, the digestive team concluded that the episode was due to clozapine toxicity despite the controversial findings (clostridium toxin and Crohn's compatible biopsies)ConclusionsDiarrhea caused by CZP has been controversial in the literature. However due to the severity of digestive episodes and the paucity of alternative treatments further studies for a better understanding of its physiopathology are warranted.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Premorbid social adjustment is better in cannabis-using than non-using psychotic patients across Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S102-S102 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ferraro ◽  
V. Capuccio ◽  
A. Mulè ◽  
C. La Cascia ◽  
L. Sideli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
European Countries ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Premorbid Adjustment ◽  
Random Intercept ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionA number of authors have hypothesized that psychotic patients who consume cannabis constitute a differentiated subgroup of patients that have better cognitive and social skills, necessary to engage in illegal drug consumption, than non-using patients.ObjectivesGiven that the prevalence, and patterns, of cannabis use are culturally driven, we wanted to study first-episode psychosis (FEP) cannabis-using and non-using patients coming from different European countries as part of the EUGEI-STUDY.AimsWe tested the hypothesis of better premorbid social adjustment in cannabis-using FEP patients, by comparing them to FEP non cannabis users and to their respective healthy controls.MethodsA total of 1745 people (746 cases; 999 controls) completed the assessment for premorbid adjustment [Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS)] and cannabis use (CEQ-Revised). We first extracted the Premorbid Social Adjustment Factor (PSA) from PAS and then performedlinear mixed models with PSA as dependent variable and cannabis lifetime (Yes/No) and subject status (Cases/Controls) as independent variables. We then considered “Country” as random intercept.ResultsAcross all countries, PSA scores were better in patients who had smoked cannabis in their lifetime than patients who had not (P = 0.009). The difference in PSA score between cannabis users and non-users was significantly greater in cases than controls (P = 0.038). The relationship between PSA, cannabis lifetime (Yes/No) and subject status among nations (random intercept) is shown on Fig. 1.ConclusionsCannabis-using psychotic patients show better premorbid social adjustment than non-using patients, across 5 European countries.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Deterioration of visuospatial associative memory following a first psychotic episode: a long-term follow-up study

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. J. Wannan ◽  
C. F. Bartholomeusz ◽  
V. L. Cropley ◽  
T. E. Van Rheenen ◽  
A. Panayiotou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Memory Ability

BackgroundCognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia, and impairments in most domains are thought to be stable over the course of the illness. However, cross-sectional evidence indicates that some areas of cognition, such as visuospatial associative memory, may be preserved in the early stages of psychosis, but become impaired in later established illness stages. This longitudinal study investigated change in visuospatial and verbal associative memory following psychosis onset.MethodsIn total 95 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients and 63 healthy controls (HC) were assessed on neuropsychological tests at baseline, with 38 FEP and 22 HCs returning for follow-up assessment at 5–11 years. Visuospatial associative memory was assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery Visuospatial Paired-Associate Learning task, and verbal associative memory was assessed using Verbal Paired Associates subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale - Revised.ResultsVisuospatial and verbal associative memory at baseline did not differ significantly between FEP patients and HCs. However, over follow-up, visuospatial associative memory deteriorated significantly for the FEP group, relative to healthy individuals. Conversely, verbal associative memory improved to a similar degree observed in HCs. In the FEP cohort, visuospatial (but not verbal) associative memory ability at baseline was associated with functional outcome at follow-up.ConclusionsAreas of cognition that develop prior to psychosis onset, such as visuospatial and verbal associative memory, may be preserved early in the illness. Later deterioration in visuospatial memory ability may relate to progressive structural and functional brain abnormalities that occurs following psychosis onset.

scholarly journals Emotional Expression in Children With ASD: A Pre-Study on a Two-Group Pre-Post-Test Design Comparing Robot-Based and Computer-Based Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Lecciso ◽  
Annalisa Levante ◽  
Rosa Angela Fabio ◽  
Tindara Caprì ◽  
Marco Leo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
Computer Based Training ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Naturalistic Interactions

Several studies have found a delay in the development of facial emotion recognition and expression in children with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). Several interventions have been designed to help children to fill this gap. Most of them adopt technological devices (i.e., robots, computers, and avatars) as social mediators and reported evidence of improvement. Few interventions have aimed at promoting emotion recognition and expression abilities and, among these, most have focused on emotion recognition. Moreover, a crucial point is the generalization of the ability acquired during treatment to naturalistic interactions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two technological-based interventions focused on the expression of basic emotions comparing a robot-based type of training with a “hybrid” computer-based one. Furthermore, we explored the engagement of the hybrid technological device introduced in the study as an intermediate step to facilitate the generalization of the acquired competencies in naturalistic settings. A two-group pre-post-test design was applied to a sample of 12 children (M = 9.33; ds = 2.19) with autism. The children were included in one of the two groups: group 1 received a robot-based type of training (n = 6); and group 2 received a computer-based type of training (n = 6). Pre- and post-intervention evaluations (i.e., time) of facial expression and production of four basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, and anger) were performed. Non-parametric ANOVAs found significant time effects between pre- and post-interventions on the ability to recognize sadness [t(1) = 7.35, p = 0.006; pre: M (ds) = 4.58 (0.51); post: M (ds) = 5], and to express happiness [t(1) = 5.72, p = 0.016; pre: M (ds) = 3.25 (1.81); post: M (ds) = 4.25 (1.76)], and sadness [t(1) = 10.89, p < 0; pre: M (ds) = 1.5 (1.32); post: M (ds) = 3.42 (1.78)]. The group*time interactions were significant for fear [t(1) = 1.019, p = 0.03] and anger expression [t(1) = 1.039, p = 0.03]. However, Mann–Whitney comparisons did not show significant differences between robot-based and computer-based training. Finally, no difference was found in the levels of engagement comparing the two groups in terms of the number of voice prompts given during interventions. Albeit the results are preliminary and should be interpreted with caution, this study suggests that two types of technology-based training, one mediated via a humanoid robot and the other via a pre-settled video of a peer, perform similarly in promoting facial recognition and expression of basic emotions in children with an ASC. The findings represent the first step to generalize the abilities acquired in a laboratory-trained situation to naturalistic interactions.

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