Understanding the Role of Bereavement in the Pathway to Suicide

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S293-S294
Author(s):  
K. Galway ◽  
S. Mallon ◽  
G. Leavey ◽  
J. Rondon-Sulbaran
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Common Precursor ◽  
Suicide Bereavement ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionBereavement is considered to be a common precursor of death by suicide. Studies suggest those bereaved by suicide may be particularly vulnerable to suicide themselves. Recently, there has been a concern over the number of deaths by suicide across UK and Europe. As a result, an increasing number have been exposed to bereavement by suicide. It remains unclear how these deaths might impact on future suicide rates.ObjectivesTo examine a two-year cohort of all suicides in Northern Ireland, in order to report on bereavements recorded in the records of those who died by suicide. To assess the bearing of these deaths on those left behind.AimsTo provide an estimate of the prevalence and types of bereavements that may have contributed towards the suicide.MethodsFollowing the sociological autopsy approach to studying death by suicide, data was collected from a range of sources, including GP records and Coroner records and interviews with bereaved relatives. The analyses draw on relatives’ accounts in order to increase our understanding of the impact of suicide bereavement. Interviews took place between 18 months and 5 years after the death by suicide.ResultsOf the 403 deaths by suicide, 15% of the individuals experienced bereavement and 9% bereavement by suicide. The results support the assertion in the literature that bereavement by suicide increases the risk of suicide through a process of suicide contagion.ConclusionsThe conclusion explains how the findings will be fed into knowledge translation processes, to provide future programs of suicide prevention research and changes to practice.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals How is Participating in Suicide Prevention Activities Experienced by Those with Lived and Living Experiences of Suicide in Australia? A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4635
Author(s):  
Sarah Wayland ◽  
Kathy McKay ◽  
Myfanwy Maple
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Emotional Labour ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Prevention Activities ◽  
The Impact

People with a lived experience of suicide are commonly included within suicide prevention research. This includes participation in conferences, policy development, research and other activities. Yet little is known about the impact on the person in the long term of regularly sharing one’s experience to different audiences and, in some cases, to a schedule not of your choosing. This qualitative study asked twenty people to share their reflections of being lived experience representatives within suicide prevention. Participants varied in the length of time they had been sharing their stories, and how they shared with different audiences. These narratives were thematically analysed within a reflective framework, including field notes. Four broad themes were noted that highlighted participants’ recommendations as to how the lived experience speaker training could grow alongside suicide prevention activities to facilitate safe activities that include a shared understanding of the expected outcome from participation. The environment for people with lived experience of suicide to tell their stories already exists, meaning that the suicide prevention sector needs to move quickly to ensure people understand the variety of spaces where lived experience needs to be incorporated, evaluated and better supported. When lived experience is a valued inclusion in the creation of effective and appropriate suicide prevention research and interventions, those who share their experience must be valued and supported in a way that reflects this. This study recommends strategies to practically and emotionally support speakers, including ways to ensure debriefing and support, which can enhance the longevity of the speakers in the suicide prevention space by valuing the practical and emotional labour required to be suicide prevention representatives, with an outcome recommendation for best practice guidelines for those who engage people with lived experience in suicide prevention activities.

scholarly journals Altruism born of suffering among emerging adults in Northern Ireland

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Taylor ◽  
Jeffrey R. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Perceived Harm ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore altruism born of suffering (ABS), a theory that explains how the experience of suffering within one’s own life may result in the motivation to help others, even outgroup members. Design/methodology/approach Participants were 186 emerging adults (63 per cent female, 37 per cent male; 69 per cent Protestant, 41 per cent Catholic; average age =21.3, SD=2.57 years old) in Northern Ireland, a setting of protracted intergroup conflict. Participants were randomly assigned to an in/outgroup condition, read four types of adversity that occurred to same-sex victim(s), and indicated their empathetic response and how much they would like to help the victims. Findings Moderated mediation analyses revealed that empathy for the victim partially mediated the impact of perceived harm on desire to help; moreover, recent negative life events strengthened the link between harm and empathy. The path between empathy and helping was stronger in the outgroup compared to the ingroup condition. Practical implications These findings support ABS, highlighting empathy as a key factor underlying more constructive intergroup relations in a divided society. Originality/value This paper extends previous research on ABS by focusing on a post-accord context. The value of the current analyses demonstrate the important role of fostering empathy to promote outgroup helping in settings of divisive group identities.

scholarly journals Advancing Prevention Research on the Role of Culture in Suicide Prevention: An Introduction

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisha L Shropshire ◽  
Jane Pearson ◽  
Sean Joe ◽  
Dan Romer ◽  
Silvia Sara Canetto
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Prevention Research

Suicide by jumping at beachy head in East Sussex – The impact of a suicide prevention patrol scheme

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s886-s887 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Durgahee ◽  
M. Isaac ◽  
J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

IntroductionSuicide is a major public health issue. It is the leading cause of death among younger adults in the UK. Suicide by jumping is an uncommon method. About 23 people die each year by jumping from the cliffs at beachy head, Sussex. The beachy head chaplaincy established a suicide-prevention patrol at beachy head in August 2004. To date there have been no studies evaluating the impact of a suicide patrol as a prevention strategy. This study aimed to assess the impact of this suicide-prevention patrol.MethodsData from local and national official statistics was gathered to examine the overall suicide numbers and rates of suicide by jumping vs. other methods. This included an in-depth scrutiny of coroners’ data and reports from the beachy head chaplaincy.A qualitative, phenomenological approach using in-depth interviews was used to evaluate the “lived experiences” of members of the suicide-prevention patrol.ResultsThe statistics reveal unexpected and at times, conflicting, results which will be offered for discussion.The thematic analysis of the interviews reveals insights into the motivations for volunteering; how a faith-based patrol works; the physical and psycho-social impact of the work; volunteers’ stories; the centrality of God within their work and motivation.For copyright reasons full details of the analyses cannot be made available before the conference.DiscussionWe welcome an interactive discussion of the results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals MASS THERAPEUTIC EDUCATION FOR MONITORING SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR IN COMMUNITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Fadhillah Sofyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Therapeutic Education ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Suicidal Ideas ◽  
The Impact

Background: Suicide is a worrying problem in Indonesia because of increase in case reported. There has been an increase in suicide rates both globally and in Indonesia. The negative stigma, lack of education, and lack of understanding of the role of the community make it difficult to reduce the number of suicides. This study aims to discuss mass therapeutic education for monitoring suicidal behavior in community. Method: Researchers used 15 journals and literature that discuss the impact and vulnerability of distance learning on students' mental health conditions. Conclusion: The role of society in reducing the suicide rate is very much needed. The community can help make early detection of suicide. Society can help prevent suicidal ideas from arising in those around them. The public can provide information to the authorities and give advice for suicide perpetrators to visit a health center. The role of the community can be integrated in a structured and neat system that can make suicide prevention efforts become optimal.

scholarly journals Performance, Cost-Effectiveness, and Representativeness of Facebook Recruitment to Suicide Prevention Research: Online Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Lee ◽  
Michelle Torok ◽  
Fiona Shand ◽  
Nicola Chen ◽  
Lauren McGillivray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Sample Representativeness ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Community ◽  
Gender Specific

BACKGROUND Researchers are increasingly using social media advertisements to recruit participants because of their many advantages over traditional methods. Although there is growing evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of social media recruitment in the health sciences, no studies have yet examined this in the context of suicide prevention, which remains to be a highly stigmatized and sensitive topic. OBJECTIVE This study aims to recruit a general community sample to complete a survey on suicide literacy, stigma, and risk via Facebook advertisements. Specifically, we aim to establish the performance of the advertisements, cost-effectiveness, sample representativeness, and the impact of gender-specific advertising on recruiting men into the study. METHODS From June 2017 to March 2019, we released Facebook advertisements targeted at adults 18 years or older, residing in the New South Wales (NSW) trial or control regions, and involved in the LifeSpan suicide prevention trial. Cost-effectiveness was examined descriptively using metrics provided by Facebook. Chi-square analyses were conducted to determine demographic differences between our sample and the general NSW population as well as the impact of gender-specific advertisements on gender engagement. RESULTS The 14 Facebook advertisement campaigns reached a total of 675,199 people, yielding 25,993 link clicks and resulting in 9603 individuals initiating the survey (7487 completions) at an overall cost of Aus $2.81 (US $2.01) per participant. There was an overrepresentation of younger (<i>P</i>=.003), female (<i>P</i>=.003), highly educated (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) participants and mental health conditions (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) compared with the total NSW population. The use of male-specific advertisements resulted in a significantly higher proportion of men completing the survey relative to gender-neutral advertisements (38.2% vs 24.6%; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the potential of Facebook to be an effective, low-cost strategy for recruiting a large sample of general community participants for suicide prevention research. Strategies to improve sample representativeness warrant further investigation in future research.

The Omagh bombing and the community’s response

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Belfast Agreement ◽  
Therapeutic Services ◽  
The Impact

In this Chapter the author describes the circumstances and impact of the Omagh bombing which occurred in Northern Ireland in August 1998, just as the peace process was beginning to see political progress and violence had significantly reduced. The impact on casualties and their families in Omagh, Buncrana in the Irish Republic, and in Madrid, Spain, is described, as are the distress and traumatic consequences for the wider community. The responses of neighbours and friends, the wider Omagh community, its medical, education, not-for-profit and civic services, are described. The contribution of commemorative and arts based events is demonstrated. The risk to the developing peace process and the Belfast Agreement is outlined and how this impacted upon the development of therapeutic services for the local community. The role of politics and politicians in ensuring services were developed, is described.

Mini-Mental State (MMS) Evaluation of Dementia in Psychiatric Patients Admitted to a Long Stay Ward

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S467-S468
Author(s):  
N. Amel ◽  
L.P. Isabelle ◽  
G. Aurelie ◽  
H. Marc ◽  
A. Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Korsakoff Syndrome ◽  
The Family ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Severe Deterioration ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teamwork

Normal 0 21 false false false FR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4.MMS scores for 41 psychiatric patients were analyzed at admission and regularly throughout their stay.ResultsTheir average age at admission was 65.7. Thirty-six patients had a diagnosis of chronic psychosis, two with bipolar disorders, one with frontotemportal dementia, two with Korsakoff syndrome.At admission, 21 (51%) patientsshowed mild cognitive deterioration (score = 18–26), 12 (29%) moderate deterioration (12–17), 6 severe deterioration (0–11), 2 had normal scores (27–30). Over the following years, 28 patients were reassessed:– 12 (42%) were stable, 7 (25%) had a fluctuating score, 5 (18%) improved;– 4 (14%) deteriorated over their successive MMS evaluations;– age, socio-cultural level and psychiatric diagnosis were not associated with change in MMS scores;– average change between initial and final assessment was +6.0 points for patients with improved score, –7.75 for those showing deterioration;– 1.28 for those with fluctuating scores, –1.0 for stable patients.AnalysisUnstable psychiatric disorders associated with somatic pathologies influenced MMS scores for all patients, particularly for those with MMS deterioration or fluctuation even if this phenomenon could also be observed to a lesser extent in stable patients. By contrast, patients whose MMS scores improved over time were more mentally stable and had no current somatic problems. Multidisciplinary teamwork is important for patients with deteriorating MMS scores.ConclusionBy illustrating the impact of somatic and psychiatric factors on dementia, the present study underlines the value of multidisciplinary professional care, the role of the family and the importance of long-stay wards.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Between power and hegemony; business communities in peace processes

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Ben-Porat
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Impact

The support that businessmen and business organisations displayed for the peace processes in Israel and Northern Ireland was open and vocal, underscoring the supposed linkage between globalisation, peace and economic growth, and the supposed leadership role of business. The purpose of this study is to examine the motivations of the business communities in Israel and Northern Ireland in becoming involved in the peace processes, their organisation to promote peace, decision-making processes at critical junctures, and their actual impact on the political outcomes. Study of the business communities demonstrates that their empowerment enabled them to exert political influence but fell short of hegemony that would enable them to set the wider political agenda. The impact of both business communities, for different reasons, was therefore limited.

Cancer, depression symptoms and quality of life: The role of creativity

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S470-S471 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Delpech ◽  
F. Sordes ◽  
J.L. Sudres
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Diagnosis Of Cancer ◽  
Depression Level ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
The Impact

The diagnosis of cancer is associated with the occurrence of psychopathological symptoms, which cause even more difficulties to patients. Scientific research demonstrates that creativity could help increase the general population's quality of life and regulate their negative emotions, but only a few studies are available on the link between creativity and the regulation of patients’ respective experience. This study aims at (1) measuring the impact of creativity on the patient's level of depression and quality of life and (2) evaluating the psychopathological profile of the creative person. Thirty-five subjects undergoing chemotherapy treatment (age: 61 + 11) took part in this study. The experimental protocol is composed of creativity, depression and QoL tests. The results show that creativity is negatively correlated with depression level and positively with QoL (r = −45; P = <.05 and r=.54; P = <.01 respectively). The linear regressions show that creativity is a variable, which predicts a high QoL (F = 13.83; P=.001). Also, 29.5% of the QoL variability is explained by creativity. A cluster analysis sorted out three different groups: very creative persons (VCP); mildly creative persons (MCP); slightly creative persons (SCP). VCPs have a significantly lower level of depression and have a better QoL compared to SCPs. MCPs have a level of depression between the other groups and a similar level of QoL than VCPs. These results suggest that creativity could have a noticeable influence on how patients experience their cancer. Further studies on this phenomenon will be necessary for creativity to be taken into account for psychological follow-up in oncology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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