Corrigendum to “Humarain: A new dimeric gallic acid glycoside from Punica granatum L. bark” [Fitoterapia 80/4 (June 2009) 223–225]

Background: The natural antioxidants have an important role in the prevention of many diseases. The aim of study is to investigate phytochemical components, antioxidant activity and acute oral toxicity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit peel (PFP) extract. Materials and methods: Phytochemicals of PFP were determined by qualitative chemical tests, thin layer chromatography, total polyphenol and flavonoid contents. The PFP extract was evaluated for antioxidant activity by DPPH assay and MDA assay. In vivo acute oral toxicity test was conducted using Karber-Behrens method to determine LD50. Results: Results illustrated that PFP mainly contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, triterpenes, saponins, and coumarins. PFP extract exhibited the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents with 189.97 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight and 9.42 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry weight, respectively. The DPPH free radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation activities of PFP extract were expressed with IC50 value of 4.80 μg/mL and 0.38 μg/ mL, sequentially. Simultaneously, the Dmax (the maximum dose administered to mice that no toxicity was observed) of PFP extract was determined to be 21.28 g/kg, equivalent to 35.64 g dried herb. Conclusion: The PFP extract is relatively safe and revealed high antioxidant activity. Key words: Punica granatum L.; polyphenols; flavonoids; gallic acid; quercetin; antioxidant activity; acute oral toxicity

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Variation of the Polyphenolic Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Freshly Prepared Pomegranate Leaf Infusions over One-Day Storage

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10081187 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1187

Author(s):

Manyou Yu ◽

Irene Gouvinhas ◽

Ana Barros

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Added Value ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Polyphenolic Composition ◽

Punica Granatum L ◽

Intensive Search ◽

By Products

In recent decades, an intensive search for natural and novel types of antioxidant polyphenolics has been carried out on numerous plant materials. However, the current literature has very little information on their storage stability in the form of freshly prepared infusions. This study aims to characterize the polyphenolic composition and the antioxidant capacity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) leaf infusions over one-day storage (analyzed at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h). Spectrophotometric evaluation demonstrated that the infusion presented no significant changes in the content of total phenols (131.40–133.47 mg gallic acid g−1) and ortho-diphenols (239.91–244.25 mg gallic acid g−1). The infusion also maintained high stability (over 98% and 82%, respectively) for flavonoids (53.30–55.84 mg rutin g−1) and condensed tannins (102.15–124.20 mg epicatechin g−1), with stable (>90%) potent antioxidant capacity (1.5–2.2 mmol Trolox g−1) throughout 0–24 h storage. The main decrease was observed during 0–2 h storage of flavonoids, 8–24 h storage of tannins, and 0–4 h storage of antioxidant capacity. Chromatographic analysis further revealed that 7 decreased and 11 increased compounds were found within 0–24 h storage. The good stability of the total polyphenolics and antioxidant properties might be related to the complex conversion and activity compensation among these compounds. The findings suggest that pomegranate leaf infusion could be of great interest in the valorization of high added-value by-products and in the application of green and functional alternatives in the food-pharma and nutraceutical industries.

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Humarain: A new dimeric gallic acid glycoside from Punica granatum L. bark

Fitoterapia ◽

10.1016/j.fitote.2009.01.013 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 223-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mudasir Ahmad Tantray ◽

Seema Akbar ◽

Reehana Khan ◽

Khurshid Ahmad Tariq ◽

Abdul Sami Shawl

Keyword(s):

Gallic Acid ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Punica Granatum L

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Beneficial Effects of Punica granatum L. Juice and Gallic Acid Against Kidney Oxidative Damage Caused by Sodium Fluoride

Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal ◽

10.1007/s11094-021-02516-8 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Asma Bouasla ◽

Choukri Barour ◽

Ihcène Bouasla ◽

Mahfoud Messarah

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Damage ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Sodium Fluoride ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Punica Granatum L

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Effective genome editing and identification of a regiospecific gallic acid 4-O-glycosyltransferase in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)

Horticulture Research ◽

10.1038/s41438-019-0206-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lijing Chang ◽

Sheng Wu ◽

Li Tian

Keyword(s):

Gallic Acid ◽

Genome Editing ◽

Hairy Roots ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Metabolic Potential ◽

Woody Perennials ◽

Hydrolyzable Tannins ◽

Guide Rnas ◽

Biochemical Analyses ◽

Punica Granatum L

Abstract Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) trees are woody perennials that bear colorful and nutritious fruits rich in phenolic metabolites, e.g., hydrolyzable tannins (HTs) and flavonoids. We here report genome editing and gene discovery in pomegranate hairy roots using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) (CRISPR/Cas9), coupled with transcriptome and biochemical analyses. Single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were designed to target two UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs), PgUGT84A23 and PgUGT84A24, which possess overlapping activities in β-glucogallin (a galloylglucose ester; biosynthetic precursor of HTs) biosynthesis. A unique accumulation of gallic acid 3-O- and 4-O-glucosides (galloylglucose ethers) was observed in the PgUGT84A23 and PgUGT84A24 dual CRISPR/Cas9-edited lines (i.e., ugt84a23 ugt84a24) but not the control (empty vector) or PgUGT84A23/PgUGT84A24 single edited lines (ugt84a23 or ugt84a24). Transcriptome and real-time qPCR analyses identified 11 UGTs with increased expression in the ugt84a23 ugt84a24 hairy roots compared to the controls. Of the 11 candidate UGTs, only PgUGT72BD1 used gallic acid as substrate and produced a regiospecific product gallic acid 4-O-glucoside. This work demonstrates that the CRISPR/Cas9 method can facilitate functional genomics studies in pomegranate and shows promise for capitalizing on the metabolic potential of pomegranate for germplasm improvement.

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