Reduction of pesticide residues from tomatoes by low intensity electrical current and ultrasound applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Fatih Cengiz ◽  
Mehmet Başlar ◽  
Onur Basançelebi ◽  
Mahmut Kılıçlı
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Ultrasound Applications

scholarly journals Verifikasi Alat Multimeter Digital untuk Deteksi Cepat Residu Insektisida dalam Sayuran

Agrikultura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Asep Kurnia ◽  
Eman Sulaeman ◽  
Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Pesticides Residue ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Detection And Quantification

ABSTRACTVerification of digital multimeter for rapid detection of insecticide residues on vegetablesThe instruments that usually used for detection of pesticide residues are Gas Chromatography (GC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), however, these instruments are expensive, take time, and need a large number of chemicals. Therefore, it is needed to develop rapid method in analyzing pesticide residues. One instrument that is potential for rapid detection of pesticide residues is digital multimeter. This method uses resistance differences of electrical current on chemical compounds. The aim of this research was to assess capability of digital multimeter for rapid detection of insecticide residues on vegetables by the aspects of precision, accuracy, linearity, and detection limit. The research was conducted in IAERI laboratory, Laladon, Bogor on January to December 2012. Insecticide residues that detected were organochlorine and organophosphate on some vegetables of potato, cabbage, carrot, onion, chili, and cucumber. The results showed that precision values of digital multimeter for detection organochlorine and organophosphate residues on vegetables were 0.02 to 2.46%. Linearity values of digital multimeter for detection endrin on onion and potato, heptachlor on onion, BHC on cucumber, chlorphyriphos on potato and cabbage, and dichlorvos on cabbage were 0.81, 0.84, 0.95, 0.71, 0.95, 0.80 and 0.76, respectively. Accuracy values of digital multimeter for detecting endrin and dieldrin on onion, chlorphyriphos on potato and cabbage, and profenophos on chili were 106.93%, 115.08%, 72.89%, 72.40%, and 98.06%, respectively. Detection and quantification limits of digital multimeter for detecting organochlorine were 0.08 to 0.17 ppm and 0.27 to 0.56 ppm, respectively. Meanwhile, detection and quantification limits of digital multimeter for detecting organophosphate were 0.05 to 0.27 ppm and 0.16 to 0.90 ppm, respectively. This result showed that digital multimeter was accurate and representative instrument for detecting pesticide residues on vegetables.Keywords: Digital Multimeter, Pesticides residue, VegetablesABSTRAKAlat yang digunakan untuk analisis residu pestisida antara lain Kromatografi Gas (KG), Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT), Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT), namun alat tersebut sangat mahal, dan perlu proses cukup lama serta memerlukan bahan kimia yang banyak. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan metode cepat analisis residu pestisida. Salah satu alternatif deteksi cepat residu pestisida adalah dengan menggunakan Alat Multimeter Digital (AMD). Teknik analisis ini menggunakan prinsip perbedaan resistensi (tahanan) terhadap arus listrik dari senyawa kimia residu pestisida. Percobaan ini bertujuan mengetahui cara kerja awal AMD untuk deteksi cepat residu insektisida pada tanaman sayuran dari aspek presisi, akurasi, linearitas, dan limit deteksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian (Balingtan) di Laladon Bogor, mulai bulan Januari hingga Desember 2012. Residu insektisida yang dideteksi adalah organoklorin dan organofosfat pada beberapa sayuran yaitu kentang, kubis, wortel, bawang merah, cabe merah dan mentimun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai presisi AMD dalam mendeteksi organoklorin dan organofosfat pada sayuran berkisar 0,02-2,46%. Nilai linearitas AMD dalam mendeteksi endrin pada bawang merah dan kentang, heptaklor pada bawang merah, BHC pada mentimun, klorpirifos pada kentang dan kubis, serta diklorfos pada kubis masing-masing sebesar 0,81, 0,84, 0,95, 0,71, 0,95, 0,80 dan 0,76. Nilai akurasi AMD dalam mendeteksi endrin dan dieldrin pada bawang merah, klorpirifos padakentang dan kubis, serta profenofos pada cabe merah masing-masing sebesar 106,93 %, 115,08%, 72,89 %, 72,40%, dan 98,06%. Nilai LOD (limit deteksi) dan LOQ (limit quantifikasi) AMD terhadap organoklorin berkisar antara 0,08-0,17 ppm dan 0,27-0,56 ppm, sedangkan terhadap golongan organofosfat berkisar antara 0,05-0,27 ppm dan 0,16-0,90 ppm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa AMD merupakan alat yang cukup akurat dan representatif untuk deteksi cepat residu pestisida pada sayuran.Kata Kunci: Alat Multimeter Digital, Residu pestisida, Sayuran

scholarly journals Temperature analysis of driver and optical behavior of LED lamps

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Roberto Santos ◽  
Maurício Vicente Tavares ◽  
Antonio Celso Duarte ◽  
Hélio Akira Furuya
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Power Line ◽  
The Body ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Flashing Light ◽  
Optical Behavior

This exploratory study was carried out with the objective to know the optical behavior of light-emitting diode (LED) lamps used and the temperature reached by electronic components that compose the driver (electronic circuit situated inside the body LED lamp) responsible to convert electrical alternating current from power line to direct current to operate the LED devices. Then, two different experiments were carried out with LED lamps. In the first experiment, 131 LED lamps used were chosen randomly and bought from household appliances store (bargain market product) presenting different nominal powers, 8, 10, 12 and 15 watts. All LED lamps were polarized at the power line at 127 V and revealed different optical behaviors, such as: not turn-on; flashing light (as strobe effect); flashing light (as strobe effect) with high intensity (more intense than normal); flashing light (as strobe effect) with low intensity (less intense than normal); fast turnon and turn-off only; and turn-on with low intensity of light (less intense than normal). The hypothesis for these behaviors can be attributed by three different behaviors: in lamps not turn-on, this failure can be attributed for dark spots that are created on the surface of LED device. In these lamps, all LED devices are electrically connected in serial. When a LED is inoperative, the electrical current is interrupted for all LED devices; damage to the electronic components caused by internal high temperature confined inside the lamp body during the operation causing electrical oscillations, as observed from different behaviors from flashing light, flashing light with high intensity, flashing light with low intensity and fast turn-on and turn-off only; swelling of the electrolytic capacitors causing low energy storage and varying the electrical current flow, the electrical current for other electronic components altered the normal optical behavior of the LED lamps. In the second experiment, the temperatures of electronic components located in driver were obtained out of body lamp revealing: from 33 (lowest temperature attributed to inductor) to 52.5ºC (highest temperature attributed to electrolytic capacitor). These temperature values represent the ideal or normal condition of operation for electronic components, but, when they are operating inside the lamp body, the found temperature values increased considerably. This characteristic can be better evidenced by strong color change (caused by accumulative temperature during the elapsed days used) on the printed circuit board used in the driver.

scholarly journals Verifikasi Alat Multimeter Digital untuk Deteksi Cepat Residu Insektisida dalam Sayuran

Agrikultura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Asep Kurnia ◽  
Eman Sulaeman ◽  
Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Pesticides Residue ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Detection And Quantification

ABSTRACTVerification of digital multimeter for rapid detection of insecticide residues on vegetablesThe instruments that usually used for detection of pesticide residues are Gas Chromatography (GC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), however, these instruments are expensive, take time, and need a large number of chemicals. Therefore, it is needed to develop rapid method in analyzing pesticide residues. One instrument that is potential for rapid detection of pesticide residues is digital multimeter. This method uses resistance differences of electrical current on chemical compounds. The aim of this research was to assess capability of digital multimeter for rapid detection of insecticide residues on vegetables by the aspects of precision, accuracy, linearity, and detection limit. The research was conducted in IAERI laboratory, Laladon, Bogor on January to December 2012. Insecticide residues that detected were organochlorine and organophosphate on some vegetables of potato, cabbage, carrot, onion, chili, and cucumber. The results showed that precision values of digital multimeter for detection organochlorine and organophosphate residues on vegetables were 0.02 to 2.46%. Linearity values of digital multimeter for detection endrin on onion and potato, heptachlor on onion, BHC on cucumber, chlorphyriphos on potato and cabbage, and dichlorvos on cabbage were 0.81, 0.84, 0.95, 0.71, 0.95, 0.80 and 0.76, respectively. Accuracy values of digital multimeter for detecting endrin and dieldrin on onion, chlorphyriphos on potato and cabbage, and profenophos on chili were 106.93%, 115.08%, 72.89%, 72.40%, and 98.06%, respectively. Detection and quantification limits of digital multimeter for detecting organochlorine were 0.08 to 0.17 ppm and 0.27 to 0.56 ppm, respectively. Meanwhile, detection and quantification limits of digital multimeter for detecting organophosphate were 0.05 to 0.27 ppm and 0.16 to 0.90 ppm, respectively. This result showed that digital multimeter was accurate and representative instrument for detecting pesticide residues on vegetables.Keywords: Digital Multimeter, Pesticides residue, VegetablesABSTRAKAlat yang digunakan untuk analisis residu pestisida antara lain Kromatografi Gas (KG), Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT), Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT), namun alat tersebut sangat mahal, dan perlu proses cukup lama serta memerlukan bahan kimia yang banyak. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan metode cepat analisis residu pestisida. Salah satu alternatif deteksi cepat residu pestisida adalah dengan menggunakan Alat Multimeter Digital (AMD). Teknik analisis ini menggunakan prinsip perbedaan resistensi (tahanan) terhadap arus listrik dari senyawa kimia residu pestisida. Percobaan ini bertujuan mengetahui cara kerja awal AMD untuk deteksi cepat residu insektisida pada tanaman sayuran dari aspek presisi, akurasi, linearitas, dan limit deteksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian (Balingtan) di Laladon Bogor, mulai bulan Januari hingga Desember 2012. Residu insektisida yang dideteksi adalah organoklorin dan organofosfat pada beberapa sayuran yaitu kentang, kubis, wortel, bawang merah, cabe merah dan mentimun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai presisi AMD dalam mendeteksi organoklorin dan organofosfat pada sayuran berkisar 0,02-2,46%. Nilai linearitas AMD dalam mendeteksi endrin pada bawang merah dan kentang, heptaklor pada bawang merah, BHC pada mentimun, klorpirifos pada kentang dan kubis, serta diklorfos pada kubis masing-masing sebesar 0,81, 0,84, 0,95, 0,71, 0,95, 0,80 dan 0,76. Nilai akurasi AMD dalam mendeteksi endrin dan dieldrin pada bawang merah, klorpirifos pada kentang dan kubis, serta profenofos pada cabe merah masing-masing sebesar 106,93 %, 115,08%, 72,89 %, 72,40%, dan 98,06%. Nilai LOD (limit deteksi) dan LOQ (limit quantifikasi) AMD terhadap organoklorin berkisar antara 0,08-0,17 ppm dan 0,27-0,56 ppm, sedangkan terhadap golongan organofosfat berkisar antara 0,05-0,27 ppm dan 0,16-0,90 ppm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa AMD merupakan alat yang cukup akurat dan representatif untuk deteksi cepat residu pestisida pada sayuran.Kata Kunci: Alat Multimeter Digital, Residu pestisida, Sayuran

scholarly journals I-V characteristic behavior of BSCCO-2223 superconductor under low intensity DC magnetic fields a Home-Made Experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Botega Torsoni ◽  
Gustavo Quereza Freitas ◽  
Claudio Luis Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Double Step ◽  
Dc Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Copper Coil

Electrical characterization of superconductor materials exposed to external magnetic field play a important role for many technological applications. In this paper, the electrical characterization of Bi-2223 pellet prepared by conventional route was performed. The electrical resistance temperaturedependence (RxT), showed a superconductor transition at around 105 K. The current-voltage (I-V) behavior under magnetic field and temperature has been investigated, the results point to a powerlaw dependence between the electrical current (I) and applied voltage (V), at different conditions, as described by the literature. The external DC magnetic field, was produced by a simple home-made apparatus, where a simple copper coil was used to produce an external DC magnetic field between 2,0 mT and 8,0 mT. Then, the dependence of the critical current (Ic) on magnetic field and temperature has been studied, revealing a double step behavior DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.30609/JETI.2018-2.5682

scholarly journals The Electricidal Effect: Reduction of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas Biofilms by Prolonged Exposure to Low-Intensity Electrical Current

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. del Pozo ◽  
Mark S. Rouse ◽  
Jayawant N. Mandrekar ◽  
James M. Steckelberg ◽  
Robin Patel
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Planktonic Bacteria ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACT The activity of electrical current against planktonic bacteria has previously been demonstrated. The short-term exposure of the bacteria in biofilms to electrical current in the absence of antimicrobials has been shown to have no substantial effect; however, longer-term exposure has not been studied. A previously described in vitro model was used to determine the effect of prolonged exposure (i.e., up to 7 days) to low-intensity (i.e., 20-, 200-, and 2,000-microampere) electrical direct currents on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms. Dose- and time-dependent killing was observed. A maximum of a 6-log10-CFU/cm2 reduction was observed when S. epidermidis biofilms were exposed to 2,000 microamperes for at least 2 days. A 4- to 5-log10-CFU/cm2 reduction was observed when S. aureus biofilms were exposed to 2,000 microamperes for at least 2 days. Finally, a 3.5- to 5-log10-CFU/cm2 reduction was observed when P. aeruginosa biofilms were exposed to electrical current for 7 days. A higher electrical current intensity correlated with greater decreases in viable bacteria at all time points studied. In conclusion, low-intensity electrical current substantially reduced the numbers of viable bacteria in staphylococcal or Pseudomonas biofilms, a phenomenon we have labeled the “electricidal effect.”

The Use of Low Intensity Electrical Stimulation to the Auricles in Psychiatric Patients

1977 ◽  
Vol 05 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
CON K. VITOU ◽  
SUZANNE E. VITOU
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Mental Depression ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Electro Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Brain

The regulated passage of an intense convulsion producing electrical current through the brain as in Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) is an accepted modality of psychiatric therapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a brief cyclic electrical current to both auricles. The current was tolerable, non-convulsive in nature and self-administered by the patients at home. The data indicates the procedure proved a very potent method for the control of mental depression, anxiety-depression and delusional states. In the majority of cases, it completely eliminated, for many months after treatment, the need for psychiatric or drug supportive therapy.

Effect of ultrasound and low-intensity electrical current for microbial safety of lettuce

LWT ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 108509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Kilicli ◽  
Mehmet Baslar ◽  
M. Zeki Durak ◽  
Osman Sagdic
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Current ◽  
Microbial Safety ◽  
Low Intensity
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