Comparison of antioxidant activities of selected phenolic compounds in O/W emulsions and bulk oil

Crab apple (Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.) was mainly distributed in Europe as an ornamental plant, but the nutritional properties of its edible fruits were not fully revealed. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of ripen carb apple fruits and to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant potentials. The fruits were assayed for moisture and ash content, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds and natural pigments. Among the analyzed carbohydrates cellulose was found in the highest content (6% dw), followed by sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and 1.8 % dw uronic acids. The total chlorophylls and carotenoids contents in their fruits were 6.51 and 4.80 μg/g fw, respectively. Total monomeric anthocyanins were not detected. The highest content of total phenolic compounds (2.67 mg GAE/g fw) was found in 95 % ethanol extract from fruits, while the total flavonoids were relatively low – 0.1 mg QE/g fw. DPPH assay (17.27 mM TE/g fw) and FRAP assay (14.34 mM TE/g fw) demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activities of crabapple. Malus baccata fruits were evaluated as a rich source of dietary fibers and phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant potential that could be used in human nutrition.

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Survey of Chinese Cowpea Cultivars for Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity

Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research ◽

10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.17:337-348 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 337-348

Author(s):

Bai Zhouya ◽

Huang Xiaojun ◽

Meng Jinxia ◽

Kan Lijiao ◽

Nie Shaoping

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Jiangxi Province ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Flavonoid Content ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Comprehensive Investigation ◽

Cowpea Cultivars ◽

P Distribution

Distribution of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities was surveyed in 24 varieties of Chinese cowpea from 4 provinces. Identity of phytochemicals were determined by UPLC-ESIQTOF-MS/MS and quantified by HPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS. Seven phenolic acids, 16 flavonoids and 9 other compounds were identified and several of these were quantified. Quercetin-3-glucoside and kaempferol-glucoside were the major phenolic compounds. In addition, our study indicated that OJYDH cultivar from Jiangxi province had the highest total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and stronger antioxidant activities than other cowpea cultivars. This study made a comprehensive investigation on antioxidants from cowpea and provided the useful data to support its function.

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Antioxidant Evaluation of the Aqueous Extract of Hulls of Campsiandra laurifolia in Colitis Induced by Acetic Acid in Wistar Rats

Journal of Coloproctology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1730258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (02) ◽

pp. 138-144

Author(s):

Lucas Petitemberte de Souza ◽

Henrique Sarubbi Fillmann ◽

Sandielly Rebeca Benitez da Fonseca ◽

Marilda da Silva Brasil ◽

Norma Anair Possa Marroni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Experimental Colitis ◽

Anal Pressure ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Significance Level ◽

Sphincter Anal

AbstractDue to the ethnopharmacological use of Campsiandra laurifolia (Fabaceae), popularly known as Acapurana, to treat wounds and ulcers, associated with the lack of alternative treatments for intestinal inflammations such as ulcerative colitis (UC), the present work sought to characterize its phytochemical and antioxidant activities, and to evaluate remedial action in experimental colitis with acetic acid. Phytochemical analyzes were performed through qualitative and quantitative colorimetric tests of the main secondary metabolites. In the colitis model, 24 male Wistar rats aged ± 60 days old were used, divided into 4 groups: Control (CO) control + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CO + A50); Colitis (CL); and Colitis + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CL + A50). Measurement of sphincter anal pressure and histological tests of the large intestine, lipoperoxidation (LPO), enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and levels of glutathione (GSH) were performed. For statistical analysis, the oxidative stress (OS) results were expressed as means ± standard error, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. The screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in the extract, with high levels of phenolic compounds and tannins, and was related to high antioxidant capacity. In the histological analysis, the CL group presented loss of the crypts, edema and inflammatory infiltrate. The use of C. laurifolia extract restructured the crypts, decreased edema and increased sphincter anal pressure, with a decrease in LPO, SOD, and an increase in GSH. It is suggested that the use of C. laurifolia extract reduces OS due to its antioxidant power conferred by the phenolic compounds present in the extract.

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Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis) Larval Extracts Induce Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Migratory Effects on MCF7 Cells

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26113303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3303

Author(s):

Amina M. G. Zedan ◽

Mohamed I. Sakran ◽

Omar Bahattab ◽

Yousef M. Hawsawi ◽

Osama Al-Amer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Individual Treatment ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Anticancer Effect ◽

Mcf7 Cells ◽

Vespa Orientalis ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The use of insects as a feasible and useful natural product resource is a novel and promising option in alternative medicine. Several components from insects and their larvae have been found to inhibit molecular pathways in different stages of cancer. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae on breast cancer MCF7 cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that individual treatment with 5% aqueous or alcoholic larval extract inhibited MCF7 proliferation but had no cytotoxic effect on normal Vero cells. The anticancer effect was mediated through (1) induction of apoptosis, as indicated by increased expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, caspase3, and p53) and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2; (2) suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen species; (3) elevation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx) and upregulation of the antioxidant regulator Nrf2 and its downstream target HO-1; (4) inhibition of migration as revealed by in vitro wound healing assay and downregulation of the migration-related gene MMP9 and upregulation of the anti-migratory gene TIMP1; and (5) downregulation of inflammation-related genes (NFκB and IL8). The aqueous extract exhibited the best anticancer effect with higher antioxidant activities but lower anti-inflammatory properties than the alcoholic extract. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoids and phenolic compounds with highest concentrations for resveratrol and naringenin in aqueous extract and rosmarinic acid in alcoholic extract. This is the first report to explain the intracellular pathway by which flavonoids and phenolic compounds-rich extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae could induce MCF7 cell viability loss through the initiation of apoptosis, activation of antioxidants, and inhibition of migration and inflammation. Therefore, these extracts could be used as adjuvants for anticancer drugs and as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

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Delivery of Phenolic Compounds, Peptides and β-Glucan to the Gastrointestinal Tract by Incorporating Dietary Fibre-Rich Mushrooms into Sorghum Biscuits

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10081812 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1812

Author(s):

Juncai Tu ◽

Margaret Anne Brennan ◽

Gang Wu ◽

Weidong Bai ◽

Ping Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Lentinula Edodes ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

In Vitro Digestion ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Soluble Peptide ◽

Insoluble Dietary Fibre

Sorghum biscuits were enriched with mushroom powders (Lentinula edodes, Auricularia auricula and Tremella fuciformis) at 5%, 10% and 15% substitution levels. An in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to evaluate the effect of this enrichment on the phenolic content and soluble peptide content as well as antioxidant activities of the gastric or intestinal supernatants (bio-accessible fractions), and the remaining portions of phenolic compounds, antioxidants and β-glucan in the undigested residue (non-digestible fraction). The phenolic content of the gastric and intestinal supernatants obtained from digested mushroom-enriched biscuits was found to be higher than that of control biscuit, and the phenolic content was positively correlated to the antioxidant activities in each fraction (p < 0.001). L. edodes and T. fuciformis enrichment increased the soluble protein content (small peptide) of sorghum biscuits after in vitro digestion. All mushroom enrichment increased the total phenolic content and β-glucan content of the undigested residue and they were positively correlated (p < 0.001). The insoluble dietary fibre of biscuits was positively correlated with β-glucan content (p < 0.001) of undigested residue. These findings suggested that enriching food with mushroom derived dietary fibre increases the bioavailability of the non-digestible β-glucan and phenolic compounds.

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Comparison of free and bound phenolic compositions and antioxidant activities of leaves from different mulberry varieties

BMC Chemistry ◽

10.1186/s13065-021-00747-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhenjiang Wang ◽

Cuiming Tang ◽

Gengsheng Xiao ◽

Fanwei Dai ◽

Sen Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Syringic Acid ◽

Mulberry Leaves ◽

Phenolic Substances ◽

Further Development ◽

Active Substances ◽

Phenolic Extracts

AbstractMulberry leaves are used in traditional Chinese medicine and contain numerous active substances that are known to be beneficial for human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenolic compositions and antioxidant activities of the leaves from 23 mulberry cultivars. Qualitative LC-ESI-QTOF analysis revealed the presence of 11 phenolic compounds in the free phenolic extracts and 10 phenolic compounds in the bound fractions. Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid were the major components in the free and bound fractions, respectively. The results revealed that the changguosang cultivar from Taiwan contained the greatest content of phenolic compounds as well as the highest antioxidant activity among the 23 cultivars examined, as determined using three separate antioxidant assays. The isoquercitrin, chlorogenic acid, and rutin contents of the free phenolic extracts displayed significant correlations with the antioxidant activities, while syringic acid and rutin were the main contributors to the antioxidant activities of the bound phenolic fractions. The obtained results demonstrate that mulberry leaves contain a variety of beneficial phenolic substances and may be suitable for further development as a herbal medicine.

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