Variation of volatile terpenes in the edible fungi mycelia Flammulina velutipes and communications in fungus-mite interactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Ping Li ◽  
Wen-Jian Yang ◽  
Shao-Xuan Qu ◽  
Fei Pei ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Volatile Terpenes

scholarly journals Myo- and cardiotoxic effects of the wild winter mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) on mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 243 (7) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Mari Mustonen ◽  
Maija Määttänen ◽  
Vesa Kärjä ◽  
Katri Puukka ◽  
Jari Aho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Food Item ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Mushroom Poisoning ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Cultivated Mushroom ◽  
Health Promoting

Rhabdomyolysis (destruction of striated muscle) is a novel form of mushroom poisoning in Europe and Asia indicated by increased circulating creatine kinase levels. Particular wild fungi have also been reported to induce elevated creatine kinase activities in mice. Flammulina velutipes (enokitake or winter mushroom) is one of the most actively cultivated mushroom species globally. As it is marketed as a medicinal mushroom and functional food, it is important to examine whether it could induce potentially harmful health effects similar to some previously studied edible fungi. The present study examined the effects of F. velutipes consumption on the plasma clinical chemistry, hematology, and organ histology of laboratory mice. Wild F. velutipes were dried, pulverized, mixed with a regular laboratory rodent diet, and fed to the animals at 0, 3, 6, or 9 g/kg body mass/day for five days ( n = 6/group). F. velutipes consumption caused increased activities of plasma creatine kinase and the MB-fraction of creatine kinase at 6–9 g/kg/d, indicating potentially deleterious effects on both skeletal and cardiac muscle. The plasma total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (at 9 g/kg/d) and white blood cell and lymphocyte counts (at 6–9 g/kg/d) decreased. Although the cholesterol-lowering properties of F. velutipes can be beneficial, the previously unexamined, potentially hazardous side effects of mushroom consumption (myo- and cardiotoxicity) should be thoroughly investigated before recommending this mushroom species as a health-promoting food item. Impact statement This work is important to the field of functional foods, as it provides novel information about the potential myo- and cardiotoxic properties of an edible mushroom, Flammulina velutipes. The results are useful and of importance because F. velutipes is an actively cultivated mushroom and marketed as a health-promoting food item. The findings contribute to the understanding of the complexity of the balance between the beneficial and potentially harmful effects of mushroom consumption.

Resource Utilization Residue of Pleurotus ostreatus

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 2048-2053
Author(s):  
Yong Xiong ◽  
Chun Yan Zhao ◽  
Yi Jian Chen ◽  
Wan Song Yue
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Better Than

The allelopathy of spent substrate extracts including water extract and ethanol extract ofPleurotus ostreatuson the mycelium growth of six edible fungi, i.e.Flammulina velutipes,Ganoderma lucidum Karst,Pleurotus ostreatusandCordyceps (three species), were investigated using Petri dishes approach. The results indicated that the spent substrate extracts have different effects on their mycelium growth. The mycelium ofFlammulina velutipesgrows better than control check with increasing water extract concentration. The mycelia ofGanoderma lucidum Karstgrow first promotion after inhibition with increasing water extract concentration. The mycelia ofFlammulina velutipes, Ganoderma lucidum Karst, Pleurotus ostreatusare promoted by ethanol extracts. The mycelia of Cordyceps (three species) grow first promotion after inhibition with ethanol extracts. The results can provide reference values for rational utilization of the spent mushroom substrate.

Bioethanol production from thermochemically pre-treated olive mill solid residues using the yeast Pachysolen tannophylus

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Pachysolen Tannophilus ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Olive Mill

Olive oil mill solid residue (OMSR) is the solid waste generated during olive oil production process in three-phase olive mills. It consists of the remaining pulp of olive processing after the extraction of oil, as well as the cracked seeds of the olive fruits, containing thus mainly lignocellulose and residual oil. The commonly used practice for OMSR management is combustion, after having extracted the residual oil by secondary extraction using organic solvents. Other proposed ways of OMSR management are their exploitation as substrate for edible fungi production and compost, and as feedstock for biofuels generation such as methane and bioethanol. In the latter case, the complex carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose) of the lignocellulose of OMSR have to be degraded towards their simple sugars and further fermented via microorganisms. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of thermochemical pre-treatment of OMSR, on the final ethanol yield from the yeast Pachysolen tannophilus. Nine different types of OMSR-based substrates were tested i.e. raw OMSR, hydrolysates generated from pretreated OMSR with NaOH (0.5 %, 1.5 % w/v) and H2SO4 (0.5 %, 1.5 % v/v), and pretreated OMSR with NaOH (0.5 %, 1.5 % w/v) and H2SO4 (0.5 %, 1.5 % v/v) whole biomass. It was shown that in all cases pretreatment enhanced the consumption of carbohydrates as well as ethanol final yields.

Culture of xylotrophic macromycete Flammulina velutipes mycelium with azospirilla

Biomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-241
Author(s):  
О.М. Tsivileva ◽  
А.N. Shaternikov ◽  
V.E. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Flammulina Velutipes

Promotion of stipe elongation in isolated Flammulina velutipes fruit bodies by carbohydrates, natural extracts, and amino acids

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans E. Gruen ◽  
Sheue-heng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Ammonium Tartrate ◽  
Acid Growth ◽  
Natural Extracts ◽  
Stipe Elongation ◽  
Other Substances

Isolated Flammulina velutipes fruit bodies were cultured under sterile conditions with the cut base immersed in water or solutions. Stipe elongation on water was only 6% of normal for fruit bodies isolated at 1.1–2.0 cm length, 19% at 5.1–6.0 cm, and the same as for fruit bodies attached to mycelium at 9.1–10.0 cm. Fruit bodies not immersed in water grew less in a saturated atmosphere than those in water. The mycelium must supply other substances than water for normal elongation during about two-thirds of the growth period, and only water thereafter. Isolated fruit bodies fed with filtered glucose, trehalose, sucrose, or mannitol grew better than on water. Maltose and fructose increased elongation only slightly, and sorbose had no effect. Potato extract, yeast extract, and casein hydrolysate gave no or very little growth promotion, but addition of glucose strongly increased growth on the natural extracts compared to glucose alone. Of 21 amino acids added separately to glucose, only asparagine, hydroxyproline, arginine, and to a lesser extent glutamine, stimulated growth of isolated fruit bodies. Growth was not promoted by pure asparagine, glutamine, and serine, or by thiamin or indoleacetic acid. Growth was inhibited by urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium tartrate with or without glucose.Growth promoting substances were most effective in young fruit bodies and except for glucose the promotion disappeared in fruit bodies isolated at 6.1–7.0 cm length, which corresponds to the end of the period of rapid elongation. Apical portions of fruit bodies with caps grew better on glucose than whole fruit bodies. Growth of decapitated isolated stipes was not promoted by nutrients.

scholarly journals Proteinases from the Fruit-body of Flammulina velutipes.

1995 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 907-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao TERASHITA ◽  
Makoto NAWAMA ◽  
Kentaro YOSHIKAWA ◽  
Jiko SHISHIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Body ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes

scholarly journals Advanced mycelium materials as potential self-growing biomedical scaffolds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Antinori ◽  
Marco Contardi ◽  
Giulia Suarato ◽  
Andrea Armirotti ◽  
Rosalia Bertorelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Fibrous Network ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractMycelia, the vegetative part of fungi, are emerging as the avant-garde generation of natural, sustainable, and biodegradable materials for a wide range of applications. They are constituted of a self-growing and interconnected fibrous network of elongated cells, and their chemical and physical properties can be adjusted depending on the conditions of growth and the substrate they are fed upon. So far, only extracts and derivatives from mycelia have been evaluated and tested for biomedical applications. In this study, the entire fibrous structures of mycelia of the edible fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum are presented as self-growing bio-composites that mimic the extracellular matrix of human body tissues, ideal as tissue engineering bio-scaffolds. To this purpose, the two mycelial strains are inactivated by autoclaving after growth, and their morphology, cell wall chemical composition, and hydrodynamical and mechanical features are studied. Finally, their biocompatibility and direct interaction with primary human dermal fibroblasts are investigated. The findings demonstrate the potentiality of mycelia as all-natural and low-cost bio-scaffolds, alternative to the tissue engineering systems currently in place.

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