scholarly journals Risk-based cervical screening guidelines should utilize large diverse national database and specifically measure invasive cancer risk of screened patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4
Author(s):  
R. Marshall Austin ◽  
Chengquan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
National Database ◽  
Screening Guidelines

Accounting for Preinvasive Conditions in Analysis of Invasive Cancer Risk

Epidemiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung In Kim ◽  
Jason P. Fine ◽  
Dale P. Sandler ◽  
Shanshan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Invasive Cancer

National Cervical Screening Program renewal in Australia: survey of clinician views and attitudes

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Sally Sweeney ◽  
Yan Cheng ◽  
Jessica R. Botfield ◽  
Deborah Bateson
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
New South ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Health Checks ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Additional Education

From 1 December 2017, the National Cervical Screening Program was renewed in Australia, with updated national cervical screening guidelines released. This study was performed to determine clinicians’ familiarity with the updated guidelines and explore their views and attitudes towards the renewed program. Clinicians providing cervical screening in New South Wales, Australia, were invited to complete an online survey in 2018. Of the 241 clinicians who responded, 91.5% supported the change to 5-yearly human papillomavirus screening from the age of 25 years. However, nearly 13% indicated they did not know where to access the renewed guidelines and 37% had never or rarely accessed them. Open-ended responses highlighted clinicians’ concerns about missed cancers and missed opportunities for health checks. Those raising these concerns accessed the guidelines less frequently. The findings highlight important areas for additional education and support for clinicians in translating guidelines into practice to ensure successful delivery of the renewed program.

scholarly journals Real-world data on cervical cancer risk stratification by cytology and HPV genotype to inform the management of HPV-positive women in routine cervical screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (11) ◽  
pp. 1715-1723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Hashim ◽  
Birgit Engesæter ◽  
Gry Baadstrand Skare ◽  
Philip E. Castle ◽  
Tone Bjørge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
World Data ◽  
Cervical Cancer Risk ◽  
Management Of Hpv

Polyposis Syndromes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A Kelley ◽  
Daniel O Herzig
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Polyposis Syndrome ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Polyposis Syndromes

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women. Although about one third of cancers arise in patients with a family history of CRC, only 5% arise in the setting of mendelian-inherited disorders. Patients without a family history but with a significant polyp burden (> 20 polyps) should be considered to have polyposis syndrome. The field of polyposis syndromes continues to advance, based on new genetic discoveries that define the genetic etiologies of polyposis syndromes. When considered in relation to an individual’s phenotype, these discoveries help guide screening and treatment based on the cancer risk created by specific mutations. Patients with polyposis syndromes carry an increased risk of CRC and some other extracolonic cancers. Future research will provide additional insight into the cause of polyposis syndromes without a currently detectable gene defect and will improve early identification and cancer prevention in affected individuals. Identification of additional molecular characteristics may lead to a more personalized approach to treatment for these individuals. This review contains 7 figures, 11 tables and 52 references. Key words: attenuated familial polyposis, colorectal cancer risk, familial adenomatous polyposis, hamartomatous polyposis syndrome, juvenile polyposis syndrome, MUTYH-associated polyposis, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, polyposis syndromes, screening guidelines, serrated polyposis syndrome  

Polyposis Syndromes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A Kelley ◽  
Daniel O Herzig
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Polyposis Syndrome ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Polyposis Syndromes

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women. Although about one third of cancers arise in patients with a family history of CRC, only 5% arise in the setting of mendelian-inherited disorders. Patients without a family history but with a significant polyp burden (> 20 polyps) should be considered to have polyposis syndrome. The field of polyposis syndromes continues to advance, based on new genetic discoveries that define the genetic etiologies of polyposis syndromes. When considered in relation to an individual’s phenotype, these discoveries help guide screening and treatment based on the cancer risk created by specific mutations. Patients with polyposis syndromes carry an increased risk of CRC and some other extracolonic cancers. Future research will provide additional insight into the cause of polyposis syndromes without a currently detectable gene defect and will improve early identification and cancer prevention in affected individuals. Identification of additional molecular characteristics may lead to a more personalized approach to treatment for these individuals. This review contains 7 figures, 11 tables and 52 references. Key words: attenuated familial polyposis, colorectal cancer risk, familial adenomatous polyposis, hamartomatous polyposis syndrome, juvenile polyposis syndrome, MUTYH-associated polyposis, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, polyposis syndromes, screening guidelines, serrated polyposis syndrome  

A comparison of cytology and cervicography in cervical screening

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Kesic ◽  
W. P. Soutter ◽  
V. Sulovic ◽  
N. Juznic ◽  
M. Aleksic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Cin Iii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cancer Of The Cervix

The sensitivity and specificity of cervical cytology and of cervicography in the detection of CIN and invasive cancer of the cervix were determined in a screening programme of an asymptomatic population of 418 women. Because all of the subjects were examined colposcopically and biopsies were taken from any suspicious areas, the presence or absence of disease was determined by the histology of directed cervical biopsies independently of the screening methods being tested. Cervicography correctly identified 24 of the 27 women with CIN or invasive cancer, whereas cytology detected only 14 (sensitivity of 0.89 vs. 0.52;P< 0.01). Cervicography detected CIN in 11 women with negative smears, six having CIN III. Only one case of CIN I was detected by cytology when cervicography was negative. Two cases of CIN II were not detected by either method. Inclusion in the analysis of the results from 23 women with technically defective cervigrams reduced the size of the difference in sensitivity, but it remained significant (0.74 vs. 0.48;P< 0.05). Cervicography was only slightly less specific than cytology (0.92 vs. 0.94; NS). Cervicography appears to be more effective than cytology in screening for cervical premalignancy but may be more demanding of those who perform the test.

scholarly journals Impact of changes to cervical screening guidelines on age and interval at which women are tested: Population-based study

2020 ◽  
pp. 096914132095344
Author(s):  
Alejandra Castanon ◽  
Shama Sheikh ◽  
Philippa Pearmain ◽  
Peter Sasieni
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

Background English cervical screening programme guidelines changed between 2009 and 2012. We explore the impact on the age and intervals at which women receive a cytology test. Methods Eligible women were controls from a population-based case–control study in England. Tests taken between 1980 and 2017 were extracted from the call/recall database. Using the Kaplan–Meier estimator by birth cohort and age at (or time since) last test, we explore proportions tested since or prior to a given age, years since previous test, and interval following a negative test. Results Screening histories from 46,037 women were included. Proportion tested by age 26 has increased from 55% among birth cohorts 1978–1979 to 67% among those born 1990–1991, despite more recent cohorts only having received one invitation (instead of two) prior to age 26. The proportion of women tested at aged 28 with a test three years earlier increased by 20% (from 36% in 1997–2006 to 56% in 2012–2017) whereas the proportion tested at ages 23–27 without a prior test increased from 34% to 80%. The age at last test prior to exiting the programme has decreased: among those born 1928–1931 86% had a test aged 60–65, but only 71% of those born 1947–1951. Conclusion Clear programme guidance alongside quality assurance has improved the cervical screening programme by standardising the age and intervals at which women are screened.

scholarly journals A pilot study of risk-stratified cervical cancer screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Jiangrong Wang ◽  
K. Miriam Elfström ◽  
Christer Borgfeldt ◽  
Joakim Dillner
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Screening Programs

Background: Cervical screening programs target entire populations, although it is well established that cervical cancer risks can vary >100-fold based, in particular, on the woman’s screening history. Since cervical screening switched to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) testing as the primary screening method, the risk differences are even larger as different HPV types may vary in associated cancer risk by 100 times. Furthermore, HPV infections with the most oncogenic types are declining dramatically because of HPV vaccination programs. Tailoring screening intensity based on the known cancer risk of the individual (risk-stratified screening) therefore has great potential to increase both the sensitivity and specificity. Within Horizon 2020 a major project for RIsk-stratified Screening for Cervical Cancer (RISCC) has therefore been launched. We performed a pilot study of risk-stratified screening to evaluate feasibility and acceptability of offering vaginal HPV self-sampling tests to women with a higher risk of cervical cancer. Methods: We identified resident women who had had either i) atypical glandular cells in screening tests during the past six years (risk >150/100,000 woman-years) or ii) abnormal screening findings above the age of 50, but without sufficient follow-up (risk >65/100,000). The women were invited, either by short message service (SMS) or physical letters, to order an HPV self-sampling kit via the study web-platform. The returned self-collected samples were tested for HPV. If positive, women were invited for clinical follow-up. Results: Among 920 targeted women, 191 (21%) placed an order and 163 (18%) returned a self-collected sample. Among all tested samples, 19 (12%) were positive for hrHPV and 18 of these women attended clinical follow-up. Conclusions: We found that SMS invitations to high-risk women are feasible and result in substantial requests for kits and submission of samples. Future work will focus on improving the efficiency of the procedure and further increasing attendance.

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