Improving the usage of vegetable oils in generator sets used for off-grid power generation by hydrogen addition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrick Maxil Zárate Rocha ◽  
Manoel Fernandes Martins Nogueira ◽  
Danielle Regina da Silva Guerra ◽  
Juan José Hernández ◽  
Larissa Santos Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Hydrogen Addition ◽  
Generator Sets

scholarly journals Effects of Hydrogen Addition on the Entropy Generation of Biogas Conventional Combustion

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ehsan Hosseini ◽  
Ghobad Bagheri ◽  
Mazlan A. Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Entropy Generation ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Entropy Generation Rate ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Hydrogen Addition ◽  
Conventional Combustion ◽  
The World

Biogas has a great potential to be applied for heat and power generation throughout the world due to its availability from various resources. However, one of the most important barriers of biogas utilization development is its low calorific value. In order to increase the performance of biogas in industrial application, hydrogen enriched biogas could be substituted. In this paper a set of numerical simulations were conducted to estimate the variation of entropy generation in hydrogen enriched biogas flames due to hydrogen addition to the fuel. Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes with a second order turbulence closure and laminar flamelet combustion model was applied to compute energy fields and flow in the flame. It was found that hydrogen enrichment resulted in an augmentation in the entropy generation rate of the biogas conventional flame. Such increase could be attributed to the increase in irreversibilities due to biogas flame temperature rise.

Fuelling Micro Gas Turbines With Vegetable Oils: Part II — Experimental Analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cavarzere ◽  
M. Morini ◽  
M. Pinelli ◽  
P. R. Spina ◽  
A. Vaccari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Straight Vegetable Oil ◽  
Set Up

The application of bio-fuels in automotive, power generation and heating applications is constantly increasing. However, the use of straight vegetable oil (pure or blended with diesel) to feed a gas turbine for electric power generation still requires experimental effort, due to the very high viscosity of straight vegetable oils. In this paper, the behavior of a Solar T-62T-32 micro gas turbine fed by vegetable oils is investigated experimentally. The vegetable oils are supplied to the micro gas turbine as blends of diesel and straight vegetable oils in different concentrations, up to pure vegetable oil. This paper describes the test rig used for the experimental activity and reports some experimental results, which highlight the effects of the different fuels on micro gas turbine performance and pollutant emissions. Moreover, an identification model is set up to predict the behavior of the considered gas turbine, when fuelled by vegetable oil, and the sensitivity of micro gas turbine thermodynamic measurements and emissions is quantitatively established.

Innovative Concepts for Auxiliary Power Generation on USN Ships

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Bowen ◽  
Jon C. Ness
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Generator Sets

Auxiliary power generation to satisfy demands for electricity and pressurized air onboard naval ships represents a significant impact on the ship’s design and performance. These demands are continually growing as newer ships require improved capabilities and shipboard systems become more complex. This paper briefy examines options to the present use of multiple, simple-cycle, gas-turbine-driven generator sets on U.S. Navy destroyers and cruisers. Improved engines for ship service generator drive applications are considered which are presently available from industry or are adapations of presently available engines. The feasibility of producing an auxiliary gas turbine from components taken from an intercooled-recuperative propulsion gas turbine is examined, as well as an integrated gas turbine plant which allows auxiliary power to be supplied as power takeoff from the propulsion gas turbine. The paper describes some of the design and performance aspects of these alternative approaches as well as some of their advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals The physical integration of a significant marine engineering package into the T23 Frigate

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Dobbins
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Learning From Experience ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Marine Engineering ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Major Equipment ◽  
Generator Sets

The Type 23 Frigate (T23) has been extended in-service well beyond its initial design life of 18 years, with some ships due to be over 35 years old when they leave service. To ensure the vessels remain effective and available a T23 Life Extension (LIFEX) programme was set up to meet this revised End of Life (EOL). A significant element of this LIFEX and the focus of this paper is PGMU (Power Generation and MCAS Update). The aim of PGMU is to restore electrical power margins and to overcome equipment obsolescence. This requirement was set with the obvious constraint that new equipment must integrate with the existing ship and it’s supporting systems without adversely affecting key operational characteristics. Considered an Alteration and Addition (AandA) but the largest the T23 has ever seen, the project has encompassed the entire cradle to birth cycle and equipment is currently being fitted into the first of class with a plan to achieve sea trials in Q2 2019. PGMU will replace the most critical assets of a warship; its power generation system. It replaces the 4 diesel generators with higher power units, the replacement of the 2 motor generator sets that supply the 440v ship services, upgrades the switchboards as well as the Machinery Controls and Surveillance System (MCAS). Challenges have come in the form of structural limitations; stability management; signature management; physical integration and the re-designing of a legacy platform to new standards. This paper builds on one that I presented at INEC 2016: “Facing the challenges of integration and physical constraints when replacing major equipment in old platforms”. This edition will cover issues that have arisen in the later stages of the design and validation through into the integration for First of Class (FoC); HMS Richmond. It will concentrate on the naval architectural aspects of the project and will consider how they were managed whilst offering an overview of some of the key learning from experience (LFE) that has been gained.

scholarly journals Investigation of Neem Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester for Electric Power Generation

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
G. Vijaya Gowri ◽  
M. Kannan ◽  
A. Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Day By Day

Producing an efficient alternative renewable fuel for power generation is the solution for today’s power crisis. As the oil prices are increasing day- by- day and the fossil fuels are depleting, why to rely on the fossil fuels for energy?. One of the alternative fuels is bio-fuel which can be obtained from sewage, garbage and waste vegetable oils which would otherwise be difficult to dispose leading to pollution. Biodiesel is a substitute for petroleum-based diesel which is derived from vegetable oils by the process of trans-esterification. Biodiesel is prevalently used as automobile fuel. Ethyl esters produced by trans-esterification can be used for rural electrification. In this paper, the electrified quality output obtained using different blends of ethyl ester with diesel and the efficiencies for each blend and pure diesel are studied and the results show that power generation using ethyl ester for rural population will be efficient, reliable and economical.

A Study on the Influence of Hydrogen Addition on Combustion and Exhaust Characteristics in a Lean Burn Gas Engine for Power Generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019.94 (0) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Ryogo KATO ◽  
Ryoichi HAGIWARA ◽  
Toru NAKAZONO ◽  
Eriko MATSUMURA ◽  
Jiro SENDA
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Hydrogen Addition

scholarly journals A Review of the Research on the Influence of Cavitation and Abrasion on Hydroturbine Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 03068
Author(s):  
Yu Tianchen
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Economic Operation ◽  
Power Generation Equipment ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Generator Sets ◽  
Control Water

Large and medium sized water conservancy projects generally have comprehensive benefits such as flood control, water supply, irrigation and power generation. As the main hydraulic power generation equipment, the safe and economic operation of hydroturbine generator sets is of vital importance. For a hydroturbine affected by the flow of water in the running process, the paper explores the cavitation and abrasion phenomena, analyses the phenomenon of resource waste, energy waste and material waste caused by unreasonable protection of water turbine, and introduces relevant protective measures. These results further enhance the understanding of the corrosion resistance of the hydroturbine and could be used to optimize the hydroturbine protection techniques.

Decomposition of Toluene as a Biomass Tar Through Partial Combustion

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriaki Nakatsuka ◽  
Yasushi Imoto ◽  
Jun Hayashi ◽  
Miki Taniguchi ◽  
Kenichi Sasauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Diffusion Flame ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Carbon Yield ◽  
Hydrogen Addition ◽  
Combustion Region ◽  
Inverse Diffusion ◽  
Inverse Diffusion Flame

For the electric power generation by the woody biomass gasification, tar is incidentally formed at the same time. Tar means a compound of many kinds of aromatic hydrocarbons and causes some troubles, for example, clogging pipes when it is cooled and condensed before being supplied to the gas engine for electric power generation. One way for reducing tar is oxidative and thermal cracking by partial combustion of the producer gas in the gas reformer that is a stage subsequent to the biomass gasifier. During the partial combustion process of the producer gas, inverse diffusion flame is formed when oxidizer is supplied to producer gas. Cracking and polymerization of tar occur simultaneously at the proximity of the inverse diffusion flame. This polymerization of tar into soot is, however, a significant problem in the gas reformer. Experimental study was performed to clarify the effect of hydrogen concentration in the combustion region on soot formation and the growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that is precursor of soot. In the present study, hydrogen concentration at the proximity of the inverse diffusion flame was controlled by the small amount of hydrogen addition to the oxidizer. The main results were as follows. Soot formation was suppressed by the small amount of hydrogen addition (approximately 0.5% to the total enthalpy of the producer gas). The suppression of soot formation was caused by higher concentration of hydrogen at the proximity of the combustion region since the aromatic radicals were neutralized before they could combine together or with acetylene. Carbon yield was increased with the increase in the amount of hydrogen added to the oxidizer as carbon content in the undetectable components by the integrated gas chromatograph such as the soot was decreased. In addition, the increase of carbon yield resulted mainly from the increase in carbon monoxide stemmed from reforming of high-boiling components such as soot.

The Power Generation With Vegetable Oils: A Case Study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Calabria ◽  
Roberto Capata ◽  
Mario Di Veroli
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Long Period ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Sensibility Analysis ◽  
Environmental Feasibility

The utilization of vegetable oils, and in particular the palm oil, as fuel in the power generation has had a remarkable development in the last few years. Generally the vegetable oil can be used with a particular marine-derived diesel ICE, with low rpm and an electric conversion efficiency of about 40%. The efficiency is strictly connected to the size of the plant. Moreover, the considerable amount of the required vegetable oil to feed the system forces to import the fuel. This is one of the most critical elements as the palm oil is subject to continuous and wide variations in prices. Due to this variation it is difficult to obtain a stable and convenient fuel supply over a long period of time. The present work is aimed at evaluating and estimating the economic, technical and environmental feasibility of a 20 MW plant for the stationary power generation fed with palm oil, enlightening the system solution (technical constructive aspects) and the economic appraisal, on the basis of variations in oil prices. Finally, the economic sensibility analysis based on the fuel cost and the European mechanisms of biomass incentives.

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