Single-dose BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine significantly boosts neutralizing antibody response in health care workers recovering from asymptomatic or mild natural SARS-CoV-2 infection

Vaccination is considered crucial for the eradication of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In our medical center in Korea, most health care workers (HCWs) were vaccinated with the ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccine. After vaccination, many HCWs complained of adverse events (AEs). However, it remains unclear whether the production of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) was affected. Therefore, here, we aimed to evaluate AEs and early NAb production in relatively healthy Asians who received the ChAdOx1 vaccine and determine the effect of AEs and antipyretics on early NAb production against COVID-19. Of the 182 Korean HCWs who received the first dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine, 172 (94.5%) experienced ≥1 adverse events and 148 (81.3%) tested positive for NAb 33–40 days after the vaccination. NAb-positive vaccine recipients reported systemic AEs and consumed acetaminophen more frequently than NAb-negative recipients. We identified an association between antibody response and COVID-19 vaccine-related AEs. In conclusion, most ChAdOx1 vaccine recipients reported AEs in our medical center.

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Loss of Neutralizing Antibody Response to mRNA Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Differing Kinetics and Strong Boosting by Breakthrough Infection

10.1101/2021.12.06.471455 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

John P. Evans ◽

Cong Zeng ◽

Claire Carlin ◽

Gerard Lozanski ◽

Linda J. Saif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Vaccine Dose ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Breakthrough Infection ◽

Care Workers ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Induced Immunity

AbstractThe waning efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines combined with the continued emergence of variants resistant to vaccine-induced immunity has reignited debate over the need for booster vaccines. To address this, we examined the neutralizing antibody (nAb) response against four major SARS-CoV-2 variants—D614G, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), and Delta (B.1.617.2)—in health care workers (HCWs) at pre-vaccination, post-first and post-second mRNA vaccine dose, and six months post-second mRNA vaccine dose. Neutralizing antibody titers against all variants, especially the Delta variant, declined dramatically from four weeks to six months post-second mRNA vaccine dose. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 infection enhanced vaccine durability, and mRNA-1273 vaccinated HCWs also exhibited ~2-fold higher nAb titers than BNT162b2 vaccinated HCWs. Together these results demonstrate possible waning of protection from infection against SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant based on decreased nAb titers, dependent on COVID-19 status and the mRNA vaccine received.

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Antibody response to BNT162b vaccine is almost universal in health care workers. Results from the RENAISSANCE study: REsponse to BNT162b2 COVID-19 vacciNe - short And long term Immune reSponSe evAluatioN in healthCare workErs

Mayo Clinic Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.08.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arianna Pani ◽

Valeria Cento ◽

Chiara Vismara ◽

Daniela Campisi ◽

Federica Di Ruscio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Immune Response ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Response Evaluation ◽

Care Workers ◽

Short And Long Term

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Analysis of Neutralization Titers against SARS-CoV-2 in Health-Care Workers Vaccinated with Prime-Boost mRNA–mRNA or Vector–mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines10010075 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Christina Sølund ◽

Alexander P. Underwood ◽

Carlota Fernandez-Antunez ◽

Signe Bollerup ◽

Lotte S. Mikkelsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

New York ◽

Single Dose ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Booster Vaccination ◽

Optimal Time ◽

Vaccine Regimen ◽

Care Workers ◽

Boost Vaccine

With increasing numbers of vaccine-breakthrough infections worldwide, assessing the immunogenicity of vaccinated health-care workers that are frequently exposed to SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals is important. In this study, neutralization titers against SARS-CoV-2 were assessed one month after completed prime-boost vaccine regimens in health-care workers vaccinated with either mRNA–mRNA (Comirnaty®, BioNTech-Pfzier, Mainz, Germany/New York, NY, USA, n = 98) or vector-based (Vaxzevria®, Oxford-AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK) followed by mRNA-based (Comirnaty® or Spikevax®, Moderna, Cambridge, MA, USA) vaccines (n = 16). Vaccine-induced neutralization titers were compared to time-matched, unvaccinated individuals that were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and presented with mild symptoms (n = 38). Significantly higher neutralizing titers were found in both the mRNA–mRNA (ID50: 2525, IQR: 1667–4313) and vector–mRNA (ID50: 4978, IQR: 3364–7508) prime-boost vaccine regimens when compared to SARS-CoV-2 infection (ID50: 401, IQR: 271–792) (p < 0.0001). However, infection with SARS-CoV-2 induced higher titers when compared to a single dose of Vaxzevria® (p = 0.0072). Between mRNA–mRNA and vector–mRNA prime-boost regimens, the vector–mRNA vaccine regimen induced higher neutralization titers (p = 0.0054). Demographically, both age and time between vaccination doses were associated with vaccine-induced neutralization titers (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). This warrants further investigation into the optimal time to administer booster vaccination for optimized induction of neutralizing responses. Although anecdotal (n = 3), those with exposure to SARS-CoV-2, either before or after vaccination, demonstrated superior neutralizing titers, which is suggestive of further boosting through viral exposure.

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Comparison of Two Testing Methods to Determine Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine Among Health-Care Workers

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/86.4.527 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 527-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Luz S. Racela ◽

Gary E. Tegtmeier ◽

Glenn R. Hodges ◽

James S. Reed

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Testing Methods ◽

Care Workers ◽

Surface Antibody

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Single dose vaccination of the ASO3-adjuvanted A(H1N1)pdm09 monovalent vaccine in health care workers elicits homologous and cross-reactive cellular and humoral responses to H1N1 strains

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics ◽

10.1080/21645515.2015.1048939 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1654-1662 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sarah Lartey ◽

Rishi D Pathirana ◽

Fan Zhou ◽

Åsne Jul-Larsen ◽

Emanuele Montomoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Single Dose ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Monovalent Vaccine ◽

Care Workers ◽

Humoral Responses

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Antibody response after hepatitis B immunisation in a group of health care workers.

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oem.47.3.199 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 199-202

Author(s):

A Cockcroft ◽

P Soper ◽

C Insall ◽

Y Kennard ◽

S Chapman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Care Workers

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Antibody Response Against SARS-CoV-2 Following ChAdOx1 (Astezeneca AZD 1222) Vaccine in Health Care Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

Medicina Moderna - Modern Medicine ◽

10.31689/rmm.2021.28.3.307 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 307-313

Author(s):

Felice FAIZAL ◽

◽

Rajneesh JOSHI ◽

R CHATTRJEE ◽

Ankur AHUJA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Antibody Titre ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Care Workers ◽

Antibody Titres ◽

Dose Vaccine

BACKGROUND: The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against COVID-19 is a two-dose vaccine spread 3 to 4 weeks apart. This study aims to ascertain the antibody response to each dose with respect to age, previous infection status etc. METHODS: Baseline total COVID-19 antibody level was ascertained using Siemens SARS‑CoV‑2 Total Antibody assay in consenting health care workers before the first dose of vaccination. Adverse effects were noted in each individual and were monitored weekly for the total antibody titre following both doses. Descriptive statistical tests were used to analyse the changes in antibodies levels weekly after both doses. Association of previous COVID infection and age with antibody levels was assessed. RESULTS: Median (range) of age of the 30 study participants was 31.5 years.23% of the participants had a history of previous COVID-19 infection. Mild adverse events following immunisation were reported by 87% participants after first dose whereas only in 7% after second dose. Median baseline antibody titres were significantly higher among those with previous COVID infection as compared to previously uninfected individuals. Antibody titres increased consistently after first dose and showed a declining trend following the second dose in all participants and showed no significant association with previous COVID-19 infection or age. CONCLUSIONS: Antibody titre response was similar amongst the various age groups. Higher response in the previously infected individuals following first dose may make them ideal candidates for a single dose vaccine regimen. Individuals showing lower levels of neutralising antibodies can be ideal candidates for a booster dose.

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Neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike in COVID-19 patients, health care workers and convalescent plasma donors: a cohort study using a rapid and sensitive high-throughput neutralization assay

10.1101/2020.08.02.20166819 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cong Zeng ◽

John P Evans ◽

Rebecca Pearson ◽

Panke Qu ◽

Yi-Min Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

High Throughput ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Neutralization Assay ◽

Luciferase Reporter ◽

Human Antibody ◽

Icu Patients ◽

Care Workers ◽

Antibody Titers

Rapid and specific antibody testing is crucial for improved understanding, control, and treatment of COVID-19 pathogenesis. Herein, we describe and apply a rapid, sensitive, and accurate virus neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The new assay is based on an HIV-1 lentiviral vector that contains a secreted intron Gaussia luciferase or secreted Nano-luciferase reporter cassette, pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein, and is validated with a plaque reduction assay using an authentic, infectious SARS-CoV-2 strain. The new assay was used to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum from individuals with a broad range of COVID-19 symptoms, including intensive care unit (ICU) patients, health care workers (HCWs), and convalescent plasma donors. The highest neutralizing antibody titers were observed among ICU patients, followed by general hospitalized patients, HCWs and convalescent plasma donors. Our study highlights a wide phenotypic variation in human antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2, and demonstrates the efficacy of a novel lentivirus pseudotype assay for high-throughput serological surveys of neutralizing antibody titers in large cohorts.

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