The mechanics characteristic of epidermis cell walls in a leaf growth process provides inspiration on a flexible multi-morphing skin

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 106162
Author(s):  
Jiliang Zheng ◽  
Renfu Li ◽  
Zhaojun Xi ◽  
Yichao Li
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Mechanics Characteristic ◽  
Epidermis Cell

scholarly journals Micromorphology of Sorbus intermedia Pers. nectary surface in different phases of blooming

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Agata Konarska
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Outer Cell ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Floral Nectary ◽  
Pollen Release ◽  
Epidermis Cell ◽  
Outer Cell Wall ◽  
Scanning Electron

The structure of floral nectary surface of <i>Sorbus intermedia</i> in different phases of flower development was examined using scanning electron microscopy. Nectaries in <i>S. intermedia</i> flowers represent a receptacle type. The sculpture of cuticule on nectary epidermis and overlaying cells was described. The differences in the size of striaes on the outer cell wall of epidermis during the flower development were stated. Nectarostomata were situated in small hollows. In the buds, they were closed and not fully developed. During pollen release phase, the outer ledges of the guard cells were better developed than at the beginning of blooming. Depressions on nectary epidermis cell walls were observed in the final phase of blooming.

Changes in the cellulose crystallinity of moso bamboo cell walls during the growth process by X-ray diffraction techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Toba ◽  
Takahisa Nakai ◽  
Tatsuya Shirai ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Cellulose Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Research on the Rice Leaf Morphological Formation and its Visualization

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 2504-2508
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Liu ◽  
Yan Yang Liang ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This paper firstly summarizes the morphological characteristics of rice leaf through observation of the rice leaf growth process. And then the mathematical model of the rice leaf growing is established based on experimental data. In this model, the vectorization of rice leaf morphology and growth process is realized by only several explicit biological parameters. The visualization of the rice leaf growth process is realized in computer by technique of computer graphics and the combination of VC++ and OpenGL. The simulation results show that the proposed model can simulate the growth process of the rice leaf very well on the computer easily with less parameter.

scholarly journals Mechanisms for Control of Leaf Growth during Salinity Stress

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant R. Cramer ◽  
Nirit Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Maize Leaves ◽  
Enzymatic Changes ◽  
Ionic Components

In the project "Mechanisms for Control of Leaf Growth during Salinity Stress" ionic and enzymatic changes in the cells and cell walls of the expanding region of salt-stressed maize leaves were evaluated. Conventional numerical techniques for REG estimation were reevaluated; 'Greens' method was recommended and applied throughout the project for growth intensity estimation. Salinity slowed leaf development and reduced leaf size, but increased cell development within the leaf-growing zone. Leaf elongation rate was most affected by salinity from the region of maximal growth to the distal end; the basal region was largely unaffected. Creep assays indicated that the physical properties of the cell wall were not altered. Furthermore, pH or protein concentrations in the apoplastic space were not altered. Salinity decreased in half the concentrations of putative oligosaccharides in both the apoplast and the Golgi vesicles, suggesting that salinity reduced oligosaccharide biosynthesis. Salinity significantly increased solute concentrations in the vacuoles, but the ion concentrations tested remain unchanged in the vacuole. Most importantly, salinity increased the ion concentrations in the apoplast, particularly Cl-concentrations. The evidence obtained clearly points to the biochemical and ionic components of the apoplast as otential factors controlling leaf elongation of salt-stressed plants.

Sensitivity of epidermis cell walls of flax to endopolygalacturonase according to their calcium and pectin contents: Investigations by TEM and SIMS

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-265
Author(s):  
Jauneau Alain ◽  
Morvan Claudine ◽  
Cabinflaman Armelle ◽  
Rihouey Christophe ◽  
Ripoll Camille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Epidermis Cell

A biosystematic study of Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae) in Iran

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 360 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
MAHBOUBEH HOSSEINALIZADEH NOBARINEZHAD ◽  
MANEEZHE PAKRAVAN ◽  
AMIRHOSSEIN PAHLEVANI
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Abaxial Epidermis ◽  
Oblate Spheroidal ◽  
Exine Ornamentation ◽  
Epidermis Cell ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

We studied leaf anatomy, mitotic chromosomes and pollen grains of nine species of Euphorbia (E. chamaesyce, E. granulata, E. indica, E. humifusa, E. maculata, E. petiolata, E. prostrata, E. serpens and E. nutans) out of the 15 species of Euphorbia subg. Chamaesyce present in Iran. We compared our results with two species of subg. Esula sections Tythymalus and Helioscopia (E. peplus and E. helioscopia). Our anatomical survey identified the Kranz bundle sheath as a distinct anatomical character for subgenus Chamaesyce sect. Anisophyllum, differentiating this from E. petiolata of subg. Chamaesyce sect. Cheirolepidium. Based on type of abaxial epidermis cell walls, species were classified into three groups including species with zigzagged, sinuous and intermediate (zigzagged-sinuous) walls. Chromosome numbers for four species were reported for the first time from Iran, and 2n=32 is the first report for E. indica. Three shapes of pollen grains were determined: oblate spheroidal, prolate spheroidal and subprolate. A tectate perforate exine ornamentation was detected in almost all of the species.

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