The complement anaphylatoxin C3a is critical in generating both innate and adaptive immune responses to Listeria monocytogenes due to its indispensible role in immune cell survival

Immunobiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 217 (11) ◽  
pp. 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Mueller-Ortiz ◽  
John E. Morales ◽  
Amanda Clark ◽  
Rick A. Wetsel
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Anaphylatoxin C3a

scholarly journals Regulation of Antiviral Immune Response by N6-Methyladenosine of mRNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoxin Zhao ◽  
Weijie Wang ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Hongxiu Qiao ◽  
Zhiyun Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Interferon Response ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Adaptive Immune

Host innate and adaptive immune responses play a vital role in clearing infected viruses. Meanwhile, viruses also evolve a series of mechanisms to weaken the host immune responses and evade immune defense. Recently, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent mRNA modification, has been revealed to regulate multiple steps of RNA metabolism, such as mRNA splicing, localization, stabilization, and translation, thus participating in many biological phenomena, including viral infection. In the process of virus–host interaction, the m6A modification that presents on the virus RNA impedes capture by the pattern recognition receptors, and the m6A modification appearing on the host immune-related molecules regulate interferon response, immune cell differentiation, inflammatory cytokine production, and other immune responses induced by viral infection. This review summarizes the research advances about the regulatory role of m6A modification in the innate and adaptive immune responses during viral infections.

scholarly journals The Roles of Alternative Splicing in Tumor-immune Cell Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 729-740
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Honglei Zhang ◽  
Baowei Jiao ◽  
Jianyun Nie ◽  
Xiyin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Hallmarks Of Cancer ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Hematological Cancers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Specific Antigens

Alternative splicing (AS) plays a significant role in the hallmarks of cancer and can provide neoantigens for immunotherapy. Here, we summarize recent advances in immune system associated tumor specific-antigens (TSAs) produced by AS. We further discuss the regulating mechanisms involved in AS-mediated innate and adaptive immune responses and the anti-tumoral and protumoral roles in different types of cancer. For example, ULBP1_RI, MLL5Δ21spe, NKp44-1Δ5, MHC-IΔ7, CD200SΔ1, 2, PVR α/β/γ/δ and IL-33 variants 1/2/3 act as regulators in solid tumors and IPAK4-L and, FOXP1ΔN100 exhibit functions in hematological cancers.

scholarly journals Extracellular vesicle– and particle-mediated communication shapes innate and adaptive immune responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny A. Pelissier Vatter ◽  
Michele Cioffi ◽  
Samer J. Hanna ◽  
Ines Castarede ◽  
Simone Caielli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Regulatory Effects

Intercellular communication among immune cells is vital for the coordination of proper immune responses. Extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) act as messengers in intercellular communication, with important consequences for target cell and organ physiology in both health and disease. Under normal physiological conditions, immune cell–derived EVPs participate in immune responses by regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. EVPs play a major role in antigen presentation and immune activation. On the other hand, immune cell–derived EVPs exert immunosuppressive and regulatory effects. Consequently, EVPs may contribute to pathological conditions, such as autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, graft rejection, and cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we provide an overview of the role of EVPs in immune homeostasis and pathophysiology, with a particular focus on their contribution to innate and adaptive immunity and their potential use for immunotherapies.

scholarly journals Chemokine Receptor 5 Is Dispensable for Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Listeria monocytogenes Infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie X. Zhong ◽  
William A. Kuziel ◽  
Eric G. Pamer ◽  
Natalya V. Serbina
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Chemokine Receptor ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Chemokine Receptor 5

ABSTRACT Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) binds macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α), MIP-1β, RANTES, and members of the monocyte chemotactic protein family and is also a receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CCR5 ligands can suppress HIV-1 entry into cells. In humans, homozygous mutations of the ccr5 gene confer resistance to HIV-1 infection. The role of CCR5 in defense against microbial infection is unclear. In this study we examined the innate and adaptive immune responses of CCR5-deficient mice to the intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. We found that migration of monocytic cells, formation of L. monocytogenes-containing lesions, and bacterial clearance occurred normally in the spleens and livers of CCR5-deficient animals. Activation of macrophages and dendritic cells during the first 3 days postinfection was normal in the absence of CCR5, as demonstrated by intact expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and production of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma interferon, and interleukin-12. Priming of L. monocytogenes-specific CD8 T cells also occured independently of CCR5 expression. Previously immunized, CCR5-deficient animals mounted normal secondary CD8 T-cell responses and cleared bacteria from infected organs similarly to wild-type controls, suggesting that CCR5 is dispensable for migration and activation of memory CD8 T cells. Our data indicate that CCR5-mediated chemotaxis is not required for defense against infection with L. monocytogenes.

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