Glutaredoxin 2 protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury by suppressing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation via enhancing Nrf2 signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 107428
Author(s):  
Chengliang Li ◽  
Hong Xin ◽  
Yingpeng Shi ◽  
Jianjun Mu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation

Propofol Attenuated Acute Kidney Injury after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation via Inhibiting Gap Junction Composed of Connexin 32

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenfang Luo ◽  
Dongdong Yuan ◽  
Xiaoyun Li ◽  
Weifeng Yao ◽  
Gangjian Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Gap Junction ◽  
Orthotopic Liver Transplantation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cellular Injury ◽  
Knock Down ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation

Abstract Background: Postliver transplantation acute kidney injury (AKI) severely affects patient survival, whereas the mechanism is unclear and effective therapy is lacking. The authors postulated that reperfusion induced enhancement of connexin32 (Cx32) gap junction plays a critical role in mediating postliver transplantation AKI and that pretreatment/precondition with the anesthetic propofol, known to inhibit gap junction, can confer effective protection. Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent autologous orthotopic liver transplantation (AOLT) in the absence or presence of treatments with the selective Cx32 inhibitor, 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate or propofol (50 mg/kg) (n = 8 per group). Also, kidney tubular epithelial (NRK-52E) cells were subjected to hypoxia–reoxygenation and the function of Cx32 was manipulated by three distinct mechanisms: cell culture in different density; pretreatment with Cx32 inhibitors or enhancer; Cx32 gene knock-down (n = 4 to 5). Results: AOLT resulted in significant increases of renal Cx32 protein expression and gap junction, which were coincident with increases in oxidative stress and impairment in renal function and tissue injury as compared to sham group. Similarly, hypoxia–reoxygenation resulted in significant cellular injury manifested as reduced cell growth and increased lactate dehydrogenase release, which was significantly attenuated by Cx32 gene knock-down but exacerbated by Cx32 enhancement. Propofol inhibited Cx32 function and attenuated post-AOLT AKI. In NRK-52E cells, propofol reduced posthypoxic reactive oxygen species production and attenuated cellular injury, and the cellular protective effects of propofol were reinforced by Cx32 inhibition but cancelled by Cx32 enhancement. Conclusion: Cx32 plays a critical role in AOLT-induced AKI and that inhibition of Cx32 function may represent a new and major mechanism whereby propofol reduces oxidative stress and subsequently attenuates post-AOLT AKI.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside Rg1 Protects Cardiomyocytes Against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury via Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling and Inhibition of JNK

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianhui Li ◽  
Yin Xiang ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
Yachen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg1 ◽  
H9c2 Cells ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation

Background/Aims: Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) disturb the physiology of H9c2 cells, which is regarded as a major cause of H9c2 cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Ginsenoside Rg1 is the main active extract of ginseng, which has important antioxidant properties in various cell models. This project investigated the role of ginsenoside Rg1 in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced oxidative stress injury in cultured H9c2 cells to reveal the underlying signaling pathways. Methods: H9c2 cells were pretreated with ginsenoside Rg1 for 12 h before exposure to H/R. In the absence or presence of Nrf2siRNA, HO-1 inhibitor (ZnPP-IX), and inhibitors of the MAPK pathway (SB203580, PD98059, SP600125), H9c2 cells were subjected to H/R with Rg1 treatment. The effects and mechanisms of H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury were measured. Results: Ginsenoside Rg1 treatment suppressed H/R-induced apoptosis and caspase-3 activation. Ginsenoside Rg1 treatment decreased ROS production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization by elevating the intracellular antioxidant capacity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, ginsenoside Rg1 stimulation appeared to result in nuclear translocation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), along with enhanced expression of the downstream target gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in a dose-dependent manner. However, ginsenoside Rg1-mediated cardioprotection was abolished by Nrf2-siRNA and HO-1 inhibitor. H/R treatment increased the levels of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinases (p-JNK), which was dramatically attenuated by ginsenoside Rg1 and SP600125 (a specific JNK inhibitor). Conclusion: These observations indicate that ginsenoside Rg1 activates the Nrf2/HO-1 axis and inhibits the JNK pathway in H9c2 cells to protect against oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Increases Blood—Brain Barrier Permeability and Induces Alterations in Occludin during Hypoxia—Reoxygenation

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 790-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J Lochhead ◽  
Gwen McCaffrey ◽  
Colleen E Quigley ◽  
Jessica Finch ◽  
Kristin M DeMarco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Barrier Permeability ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Permeability ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Brain Barrier Permeability ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation

Oxidative Stress and Vaso-Occlusion in Sickle Cell Disease: Role of Activated Leukocytes and Redox Active Iron.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3165-3165 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Belcher ◽  
Hemachandra Mahaseth ◽  
Thomas E. Welch ◽  
Felix Boakye-Agyeman ◽  
Robert P. Hebbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Acute Chest Syndrome ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Active Iron ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a disease of oxidative stress. We and others have demonstrated increased oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial cell activation and white blood cell counts in human patients and transgenic murine models of SCD. Leukocytosis in SCD is associated with increases in the incidence of pain crisis, acute chest syndrome, stroke and mortality. We hypothesize that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from leukocytes and excess redox active iron promote vascular inflammation and vaso-occlusion. Leukocytes were activated in S+S-Antilles sickle mice compared to normal C57BL/6 control mice as measured by the percentage of leukocytes expressing CD11b on their surface in ambient air (25.4% vs. 19.3%, p<0.05) and after exposure of mice to hypoxia-reoxygenation (31.7% vs. 23.0%, p<0.05). In addition, resting leukocytes from S+S-Antilles mice produce 1.8-fold more H2O2 than normal mice (p<0.05) as measured by Amplex Red (10-acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine) fluorescence. These leukocyte oxidants are especially toxic in the presence of excess redox active iron. Histopathology of the lungs and livers of 10 week old S+S-Antilles and BERK sickle mice showed red blood cell (RBC) congestion compared to normal. In addition, the sickle livers had multiple areas of infarction and inflammatory leukocyte infiltration. The heme contents of S+S-Antilles sickle lungs and livers were increased by 37- and 4.9-fold, respectively, compared to normals (p<0.05 for both organs). Furthermore, there was significantly more chelatable iron that is potentially redox active as measured by Ferene-S in sickle lungs (21.0-fold, p<0.05) and livers (2.4-fold, p<0.05) compared to normals. Thus, these data demonstrate there is an explosive pro-oxidative environment in sickle mice. These excess oxidants lead to NF-kB activation, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression, and increased oxidative injury, as seen histopathologically by nitro-tyrosine and dihydroethidium staining in organs. Hypoxia-reoxygenation, which induces RBC sickling and enhances ROS production in sickle mice, causes an increase in leukocyte rolling (4.4-fold, S+S-Antilles vs. normal, p<0.05) and adhesion (6.5-fold, p<0.05). Hypoxia-reoxygenation induces transient vaso-occlusion in 12% and 24% of the subcutaneous venules of S+S-Antilles and BERK mice respectively. No vessels become static in normal mice (p<0.05 sickle vs. normal). Hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced vaso-occlusion can be inhibited by antibodies to P-selectin, VCAM-1 or ICAM-1. Furthermore, scavenging ROS with the SOD and catalase mimetic, polynitroxyl albumin or the iron chelator Trimidox, inhibited hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced vaso-occlusion (p<0.05). We conclude that oxidative stress derived from activated leukocytes and excess redox active iron plays a critical role in promoting vaso-occlusion and organ injury in SCD. We speculate that iron chelators, leukocyte adhesion molecule blockade and anti-oxidants will modulate vaso-occlusion in patients with SCD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document