16.1 Association Between Mid-Childhood Gut Microbiome and Neurocognitive Outcomes in GESTation and the Environment (GESTE), a Canadian Cohort Study

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a common infectious disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in low and middle-income countries. Successful treatment of the disease requires prolonged intake (6 to 8 months) of multiple antibiotics with potentially detrimental consequences on the composition and functional potential of the human microbiome. The protocol described in the current study aims to identify microbiome (oral and gut) signatures associated with TB pathogenesis, treatment response and, outcome in humans. Methods and analysis: Four hundred and fifty, newly diagnosed TB patients from three district levels (Peshawar, Mardan, Swat) TB diagnosis and treatment centers will be recruited in this non-interventional, prospective cohort study and will be followed and monitored until treatment completion. Demographic and dietary intake data, anthropometric measurement and blood, stool and salivary rinse samples will be collected at baseline, day 15, month-2 and end of the treatment. Additionally, we will recruit age and sex-matched healthy controls (n=30). Blood sampling will allow monitoring of the immune response during the treatment, while salivary rinse and fecal samples will allow monitoring of dynamic changes in oral and gut microbiome diversity. Within this prospective cohort study, a nested case-control study design will be conducted to assess perturbations in oral and gut microbiome diversity (microbial dysbiosis) and immune response and compare between the patients groups (treatment success vs failure). Ethics and dissemination The study has received ethics approval from the Ethic Board of Khyber Medical University Peshawar, and administrative approval from the Provincial TB Control Program of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study results will be presented at national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number: NCT04985994; pre-results

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IMAGINE Network’s Mind And Gut Interactions Cohort (MAGIC) Study: a protocol for a prospective observational multicentre cohort study in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041733 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e041733

Author(s):

Paul Moayyedi ◽

Glenda MacQueen ◽

Charles N Bernstein ◽

Stephen Vanner ◽

Premysl Bercik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Psychological Status ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Gi Symptoms ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Irritable Bowel

IntroductionGut microbiome and diet may be important in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and comorbid psychiatric conditions, but the mechanisms are unclear. We will create a large cohort of patients with IBS, IBD and healthy controls, and follow them over time, collecting dietary and mental health information and biological samples, to assess their gastrointestinal (GI) and psychological symptoms in association with their diet, gut microbiome and metabolome.Methods and analysisThis 5-year observational prospective cohort study is recruiting 8000 participants from 15 Canadian centres. Persons with IBS who are 13 years of age and older or IBD ≥5 years will be recruited. Healthy controls will be recruited from the general public and from friends or relatives of those with IBD or IBS who do not have GI symptoms. Participants answer surveys and provide blood, urine and stool samples annually. Surveys assess disease activity, quality of life, physical pain, lifestyle factors, psychological status and diet. The main outcomes evaluated will be the association between the diet, inflammatory, genetic, microbiome and metabolomic profiles in those with IBD and IBS compared with healthy controls using multivariate logistic regression. We will also compare these profiles in those with active versus quiescent disease and those with and without psychological comorbidity.Ethics and disseminationApproval has been obtained from the institutional review boards of all centres taking part in the study. We will develop evidence-based knowledge translation initiatives for patients, clinicians and policymakers to disseminate results to relevant stakeholders.Trial registration number:NCT03131414

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Predictors of neurocognitive outcomes on antiretroviral therapy after cryptococcal meningitis: a prospective cohort study

Metabolic Brain Disease ◽

10.1007/s11011-013-9476-1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 269-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Renee Donahue Carlson ◽

Melissa A. Rolfes ◽

Kate E. Birkenkamp ◽

Noeline Nakasujja ◽

Radha Rajasingham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Neurocognitive Outcomes

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The Impact of Antibiotic Use in Breastfeeding Women on the Infant’s Gut Microbiome—A Prospective Cohort Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofx163.487 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S232-S232 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rachel Rock ◽

Hila Ben-Amram ◽

Hadar Neuman ◽

Hodaya Hanya ◽

Omry Koren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

The Impact

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Gut microbiome, enteric infections and child growth across a rural–urban gradient: protocol for the ECoMiD prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046241 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e046241

Author(s):

Gwenyth O Lee ◽

Joseph N S Eisenberg ◽

Jessica Uruchima ◽

Gabriela Vasco ◽

Shanon M Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

San Francisco ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Child Growth ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Institutional Review Boards ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Urban Gradient ◽

Enteric Infections

IntroductionThe functional consequences of the bacterial gut microbiome for child health are not well understood. Characteristics of the early child gut microbiome may influence the course of enteric infections, and enteric infections may change the composition of the gut microbiome, all of which may have long-term implications for child growth and development.Methods and analysisWe are conducting a community-based birth cohort study to examine interactions between gut microbiome conditions and enteric infections, and how environmental conditions affect the development of the gut microbiome. We will follow 360 newborns from 3 sites along a rural–urban gradient in northern coastal Ecuador, characterising enteric infections and gut microbial communities in the children every 3 to 6 months over their first 2 years of life. We will use longitudinal regression models to assess the correlation between environmental conditions and gut microbiome diversity and presence of specific taxa, controlling for factors that are known to be associated with the gut microbiome, such as diet. From 6 to 12 months of age, we will collect weekly stool samples to compare microbiome conditions in diarrhoea stools versus stools from healthy children prior to, during and after acute enteric infections, using principal-coordinate analysis and other multivariate statistical methods.Ethics and disseminationEthics approvals have been obtained from Emory University and the Universidad San Francisco de Quito institutional review boards. The findings will be disseminated through conference presentations and peer-reviewed journals.

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Protocol for the Emory University African American Vaginal, Oral, and Gut Microbiome in Pregnancy Cohort Study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-017-1357-x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Elizabeth J. Corwin ◽

Carol J. Hogue ◽

Bradley Pearce ◽

Cherie C. Hill ◽

Timothy D. Read ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Pregnancy Cohort ◽

Emory University ◽

In Pregnancy

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Neurocognitive outcomes decades after treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the St Jude lifetime cohort study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718166534.793492350 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Hunger ◽

Ashley Rogers

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Neurocognitive Outcomes

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Characterising the gut microbiome in veterans with Gulf War Illness: a protocol for a longitudinal, prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031114 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. e031114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Julie A Keating ◽

Catherine Shaughnessy ◽

Kelsey Baubie ◽

Ashley E Kates ◽

Nathan Putman-Buehler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Chronic Fatigue ◽

Gulf War ◽

Case Definition ◽

Gulf War Illness ◽

War Veterans ◽

Gulf War Veterans ◽

Fatigue Syndrome ◽

Institutional Review

IntroductionApproximately 25%–35% of the 1991 Gulf War Veteran population report symptoms consistent with Gulf War Illness (GWI), a chronic, multi-symptom illness characterised by fatigue, pain, irritable bowel syndrome and problems with cognitive function. GWI is a disabling problem for Gulf War Veterans, and there remains a critical need to identify innovative, novel therapies.Gut microbiota perturbation plays a key role in the symptomatology of other chronic multi-symptom illnesses, including myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Given similarities between ME/CFS and GWI and the presence of gastrointestinal disorders in GWI patients, Veterans with GWI may also have gut abnormalities like those seen with ME/CFS. In this longitudinal cohort study, we are comparing the diversity (structure) and the metagenomes (function) of the gut microbiome between Gulf War Veterans with and without GWI. If we find differences in Veterans with GWI, the microbiome could be a target for therapeutic intervention to alleviate GWI symptoms.Methods and analysisParticipants answer questions about diet, exercise and lifestyle factors. Participants also complete a questionnaire (based on the Kansas case definition of GWI) regarding their medical history and symptoms; we use this questionnaire to group participants into GWI versus healthy control cohorts. We plan to enrol 52 deployed Gulf War Veterans: 26 with GWI and 26 healthy controls. Participants provide stool and saliva samples weekly for an 8-week period for microbiome analyses. Participants also provide blood samples at the beginning and end of this period, which we will use to compare measures of inflammation markers between the groups.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was approved by the University of Wisconsin-Madison Health Sciences Institutional Review Board and the William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital Research and Development Committee. Results of this study will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

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