Cathodoluminescence petrography for provenance studies of the sandstones of Ora Formation (Devonian–Carboniferous), Iraqi Kurdistan Region, northern Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 195-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamed F. Omer
Keyword(s):  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Provenance Studies ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan

scholarly journals Subsurface tectonic characterizations by the use of geo-electrical resistivity technique and their implications on environmental soil and groundwater at Erbil dumpsite, west of Erbil city – Iraqi Kurdistan region

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirwa Qader Smail Gardi ◽  
Jamal Asfahani
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Subsurface Structures ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Exact Position

Abstract Twenty seven vertical electrical resistivity soundings (VES), distributed on three profiles, have been carried out around the Erbil city dumpsite location in northern Iraq, by using Schlumberger configuration. The main objective of those VES soundings is to characterize the subsurface structures and to detect the probable soil contamination zones at the dumpsite and the surrounding district. Bai Hassan aquifer in the study region is one of most important natural fresh water in the central sub-basin of Erbil. The 2D Pichgin and Habibulleav technique is applied herein to study and analyse the three VES profiles. Its application in the study region has highly demonstrated the efficacy of such a technique. In fact, the subsurface structures in the study area have been recognized, and the exact position, dip, direction of the faults and groundwater level were also precisely detected. The role of applying this technique together with the available geological information, while carrying out geo-electrical surveys is emphasized to obtain useful, cheap and fast lithological, groundwater table and structural subsurface information.

Zukunfts-Optionen von Kurden in Eurasien

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 2-30
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Hennerbichler
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran

The Iraqi Kurdistan Independence Referendum of September 25th, 2017, initiated by the longstanding President of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (elected in office from 13 June 2005 to 19 August 2015) did not serve as basis for the declaration of an independent Kurdish state in Northern Iraq in the foreseeable future. It was, rather, intended to strengthen his own domestic political position of power as well as that one of other leading politicians of the Barzani family and of the currently governing Kurdistan Democratic Party Iraq. The Referendum aggravated the persisting constitutional crisis in Iraq since 2005 in to date unresolved crucial questions, above all regarding the status of Kirkuk and other „disputed territories“, enabled the Islamic Republic of Iran to further extend its influence on Iraq and beyond via pro-Iranian Shia-Proxy-Militias and last but not least also intensified various crises in the Middle East and Eurasia substantially.

scholarly journals Geotourism Potential Of Akre Area, Duhok Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Irfan Sh. Asaad ◽  
◽  
Sardar M. Balaky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Springs ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Winter Tourism ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Cultural Sites ◽  
Tectonic Settings ◽  
Mountain Landscapes

Geotourism potential of Akre district in Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan region, northern Iraq is studied in detail. Sixteen geotourism sites were investigated, which are divided into three sub-areas according to their geographical positions. All the tourism sites are located in the northern mountainous part of the High Folded Zone due to their variations from the southern part (Low Folded Zone) in geology, geomorphology, hydrology and tectonic settings. Based on comparison with the Potential Touristic Use (P.T.U) characters, most of the studied geosites have medium correspondence with the P.T.U characters, except three sites i.e. Sipa Akre waterfall, Kani Zark spring and Sipa Bjeel waterfall that have good correspondence. This is because they are reachable by pavement roads and can be easily managed and developed by the local people, in addition to their magical landscapes. The Gali Zenta and Guske resorts have very clear geological elements, particularly the famous massive bitumen seeps within the Zenta valley, and this make their correspondence to the P.T.U characters acceptable despite having bad roads and not progressing very well. The Dinarta sub-area geosite, in spite of its specular view and adaptation for tourism vacancy, has low to medium correspondence to the P.T.U characters due to having the worst roads, and are not developed by any local investors and governments in addition to property problems and remoteness from environmental and cultural sites. H2S rich springs are neglected in the whole Kurdistan region although they have a high economic value by way of balneotherapy. Therefore, the Bekhma and Heshtka hot springs has obtained a very low ratio. The mountainous and caves sites also obtained a low ratio, as the mountain landscapes are neglected particularly for winter tourism, and lack of investment for cave tourism, respectively.

Minority Representation and Reserved Legislative Seats in Iraqi Kurdistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-402
Author(s):  
Farhad Hassan Abdullah ◽  
Hawre Hasan Hama
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democratic Stability

Ethnic and religious minorities have played a significant role in the long history of Kurdistan. At an official level, their political position was significantly strengthened with the advent of autonomy for the Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq in 1992. Most importantly, a quota system was established that reserved seats for several minority groups in the Kurdistan Parliament, often cited as an example of tolerance for diversity and respect for minority rights. Nevertheless, there is a lack of empirical research examining how ethnic and religious quotas affect democratic stability, quality of representation, and opportunities to represent authentic interests within the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG). The politicians who occupy the reserved seats have come under criticism for merely supporting the policy programs of the dominant Kurdish parties, which deprives ethnic and religious minority groups of authentic representation and exposes the minority parties to allegations that they are politically exploited. This article analyzes the dynamics of minority political participation in Iraqi Kurdistan, how representation has been affected by the dominance of the ruling parties, and factors that guide the behavior of minority politicians while serving in quota-allocated positions. It also examines the effects of reserving seats through the quota system on the political behavior of minority groups. To these ends, this article focuses on parliamentary quotas and their impact on democratic stability, decision-making, and the empowerment of minority groups in the Kurdistan Region.

scholarly journals Climate Analysis to Predict Potential Spread and Seasonality for Global (COVID-19) in Iraqi Kurdistan Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemin Nasraldin M. Amin ◽  
Hero Nasraldin M. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Subtropical Zone ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Climate Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Climatic Characteristics

The present study is about the relationship of the climate to the possibility of turning (COVID-19) into a seasonal epidemic in Iraqi Kurdistan region. The study area is located in the northern Iraq, within subtropical zone in northern hemisphere, it lies between two latitudes (32° 38' – 37° 22') N and longitudes (41° 18' – 46° 21') E. It surrounded by Turkey from north, the Islamic Republic of Iran from east, Syria from northwest and with other parts of Iraq from south and west. To achieve the aim of this study, these topics were analyzed (climatic analysis to spatial variation of (COVID-19) outbreak through the world, climatic characteristics of the study area, and seasonal and spatial danger degree analysis to (COVID-19) in the study area). The evidences indicated that cold and dry conditions may facilitate the spread of the virus. According to the study area the lower the temperature is the greater relative humidity will be and vice versa. Therefore, the study assumed that seasonal differences of temperature and humidity in different regions of the study area might contribute to the balanced risk of infection with the virus.

Rekindling the Flame: Zoroastrianism in Iraqi Kurdistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-188
Author(s):  
Samme Dick
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Legislative Change ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
The World ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
New Religion

This article examines the emergence of Zoroastrianism in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq since 2015 as a new religion inspired by Kurdish nationalism, feminism, ecologism and humanism. The author argues that the emergence of Zoroastrianism at this particular time is due to a combination of the rise of the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant in 2014, legislative change and the importance some Kurdish nationalists historically attached to Zoroastrianism as the suggested original religion of the Kurds. The article outlines the historical context of Zoroastrianism in Kurdistan, and then explores the origins, beliefs and organisational structure of Kurdish Zoroastrianism. Also discussed are the legislative changes enabling the rise of the movement since 2015. This study draws on interviews with Kurdish Zoroastrian leaders as well as with representatives from the World Zoroastrian Organization, the Kurdistan Regional Government’s Ministry of Endowments and Religious Affairs and the Alliance of Iraqi Minorities.ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIJi nû ve pêxistina agir: Baweriya Zerduştî li Kurdistana IraqêEv gotar, li ser peydabûna Zerduştiyê li Herêma Kurdistanê ya Iraqê hûr dibe, ku ji 2015an vir ve wek dînekî nû yê ji netewegeriya kurd, femînîzm, ekolojîzm û humanîzmê îlham wergirtî tê dîtin. Nivîskar îddia dike ku peydabûna Zerduştiyê ya bi taybetî wê demê ji ber hejmareke sedeman e: di 2014an de peydabûn û xurtbûna Dewleta Îslamî li Iraqê û Levantê, guherîna qanûnî û girîngiya nêrîna hin netewegerên kurd ku ji aliyê dîrokî Zerduştiyê wek dînê resen ê kurdan dibînin. Gotar, çarçoveya dîrokî ya Zerduştiyê li Kurdistanê bi kurtî rave dike û paşê li kok, bawerî û avahiya rêxistinî ya Zerduştiya kurdî dikole. Ji hêleke din, nîqaş dike ku guherînên hiqûqî ji 2015an vir ve rê li ber xurtbûna tevgerê vekiriye. Ev xebat xwe dispêre hevpeyvînên bi rêberên Zerduştiyên kurd re ligel hin şandeyên ji Rêxistina Zerduştiyan a Cîhanê, Wezareta Bexş û Karên Dînî ya Hikumeta Herêma Kurdistanê û Hevpeymaniya Kêmîneyên Iraqê.ABSTRACT IN SORANIGeşandinewey agireke: Zerdeştêtî le Kurdistanî ÊraqdaEm babete timaşay rewşî  wediyarkewtinî Zerdeştêtî dekat le Kurdistanî Êraqda, le sall 2010da wek ayînêkî nwê debînrêt ke le netewegerîy kurdî, fêmênîzm, jîngeparêzî û mirovparêzî îlham werdegirêt. Nûser bangeşey ewe dekat ke derkewtinî Zerdeştêtî lem kateda ke Dewlletî Îslamî Da'îş le Şam û Êraq le 2013 ser helldeda û be yasa rêgey pê dedirêt, şitêkî giringe  bo gerranewey kurd bo  ayînî neteweyî xoy wek ewey ke hendêk kurdî neteweperist  basî deken.  Babeteke rîşey mêjûyî Zerdeştêtî le Kurdistan nîşan dedat, herwaş rîşey  bawerr û binaẍey damezrawey Zerdeştêtî dedate ber roşnayî. Dîsan guftugoy gorranî yasa lew bareyewe bote hoyî derkewtinî em ayîne le 2015da. Em babete legell serok û bawerrdaranî Zerdeştîy le Kurdistan û damezrawey Zerdeştîyanî cîhanî û legell wezaretî karubarî ayînî le ḧukumetî herêmî Kurdistan û damezrawey kemînekanî Êraqda çawpêkewtinî encam dawe.ABSTRACT IN ZAZAKINewe ra geşkerdişê adirî: Kurdîstanê Îraqî de zerduştîyeNa meqale qayîtê zerduştîye kena ke sey bawerîya newîye serra 2015î ra nat Herêmê Kurdîstanî yê Îraqî de vejîyaye û hetê neteweperwerîya kurdan, femînîzm, dorûverperwerîye û merdimperwerîye ra îlham girewt. Nuştox musneno ke vejîyayîşê zerduştî yê ê demî çend sebeban ra qewimîya: hêzdarbîyayîşê DAÎŞ yê serra 2014î, vurîyayîşê qanûnî û tayê neteweperwerê kurdan ê ke tarîx de giranî daye zerduştîye ser ke aye sey dînê kurdan o eslî pêşnîyaz bikerê. Na meqale xulasaya kontekstê tarîxî yê zerduştîya Kurdîstanî dana û dima esl, bawerî û awanîya rêxistinan yê zerduştîya kurdan ser o cigêrayîş kena. Ser o kî vurîyayîşê qanûnî munaqeşe benê. Nê vurîyayîşî serra 2015î ra nat vejîyayîşê tevger kerd mumkîn. No cigêrayîş roportajanê bi serekanê kurdan ê zerduştîye û bi temsîlkaranê Rêxistina Zerduştîyan a Dinya, Wezaretê Ewqaf û Kar û Barê Dînî yê hukmatê Herêmê Kurdîstanî û Yewîya Eqalîyetanê Îraqî esas gêno

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