Extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticle using Azadirachta indica leaf extract and its anti-microbial activity

Dermestes maculatus is a major pest of stored fish in Nigeria, fish is preserved with highly persistent synthetic chemicals. There have been an increasing effort at developing plant-based toxicants that are environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study was conducted to screen the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica for phytochemical constituents. The efficacy of the methanolic leaf extract of the plant against D. maculatus was also evaluated. The leaves of A. indica were obtained, processed and taken to laboratory for methanolic extraction. Phytochemical screening was carried out to identify saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, triterpenes and carbohydrates using standard procedure. Both clean and infested samples of smoke-dried Clarias gariepinus were purchased from Sabon Gari Market, Zaria. The infested samples were used as initial source of D. maculatus larvae. Range finding test was carried out prior to the bioassay. During the bioassay, clean un-infested fish samples were weighed and introduced into kilner jars and respective dosages of 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g and 0.8g of extract were added. Another set of fish samples without the extract were maintained as control. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three replicates. Fifteen larvae of D. maculatus were introduced into both treated and control containers and covered. Mortality was recorded after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Data obtained revealed an increase in mortality with increasing dose and time. Mortality ranged from 1.67 to 11.00. Therefore, leaf extract of A. indica should be incorporated in the development of larvicide against D. maculatus.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles from Psidium Guajava Leaf Extract

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2021.14.5.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 5634-5638

Author(s):

Sruthi Radhakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Silver Nanoparticle ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽

Elemental Silver ◽

Ft Ir

Green route for the synthesis of nanoparticles has become more acceptable than the other chemical as well as biological route. In the present study, silver nanoparticle is synthesized using ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaves. Further the synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible Spec, FT-IR, X-Ray Diffraction FESEM and E-DAX. The results of FT-IR provided evidence of the involvement of phytochemicals present in the leaf extract in the reduction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles. XRD confirmed the crystalline structure as well as shape of the synthesized nanoparticle as face-centred cubic. E-DAX profiling helped in determining the presence of elemental silver. The size of the nanoparticle procured by SEM analysis was found to be approximately 30-50 nm in size. Thus, the findings of this study showed that the plant assisted method for silver nanoparticle synthesis is more effective and further application level studies can shed lights on their use in healing of various human ailments.

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Study on the effect of neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss) leaf extract on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and production of aflatoxin by it at different incubation times

Mycoses ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0507.2007.01440.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 070810231352004-??? ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mehdi Ghorbanian ◽

Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh ◽

Abdolamir Allameh ◽

Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi ◽

Mahdi Qorbani

Keyword(s):

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Aspergillus Parasiticus

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Azadirachta indica (Neem) Leaf Extract Effect as an Option of Treatment of Ibuprofen-induced Nephrotoxicity

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2020/v32i1130533 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 56-62

Author(s):

Ifeanacho Ezeteonu Abireh ◽

Onyinye Mary Ozioko ◽

Ignatius Ikemefuna Ozor ◽

Elizabeth Finbarrs- Bello ◽

Uche Sebastine Ozioko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Creatinine ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Wistar Rat ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Oral Ibuprofen ◽

Group 2 ◽

Neem Leaf Extract ◽

Group 1

Aim: This study investigated the curative effect of the aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica on Ibuprofen-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rat Study Design: This is an experimental research Place of Research: Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology. Methodology: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups, with 4 rats in each group. Group 1 was control and received oral normal saline 0.5 ml daily. Group 2-6 had induction of nephrotoxicity using oral Ibuprofen 400 mg/Kg daily for 5 days. Group 3-5 were subsequently treated with gavage Azadirachta indica leaf extract 200 mg/Kg, 400 mg/Kg and 800 mg/Kg, respectively, for 5 days. And Group 6 was treated with oral Vitamin E 1000 iu/kg for 5 days. Results: Ibuprofen induced nephrotoxicity as evidenced by elevation of serum creatinine level in group 2 (1.99 ± 0.83), when compared to 0.48 ± 0.07 obtained in group 1 (control), and Bowman’s capsule enlargement with glomerular degeneration observed in group 2. The serum creatinine levels progressively approached the level of that of the control in groups treated with Azadirachta indica leaf extract, groups 3 (1.69 ± 0.52), 4 (0.69 ± 0.10) and 5 (0.49 ± 0.10). Also, the histoarchitecture progressively normalized to that of control with each increase in dose of the extract. Conclusion: Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract administration led to the resolution of Ibuprofen-induced kidney injury in this study. Thus, it can serve as a treatment option for kidney injury resulting from ingestion of Ibuprofen, after the identification of the molecule responsible for this effect.

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Phytochemical analysis, anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity of Acalypha indica leaf extracts in different organic solvents

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.1882 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 444 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chekuri Sudhakar ◽

Narendar Vankudothu ◽

Shivaprasad Panjala ◽

Nirmala Babu Rao ◽

Roja Rani Anupalli

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Petroleum Ether ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Soxhlet Extraction ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Acalypha Indica

The herb Acalypha indica which belongs to Euphorbiaceae family has multiple medicinal properties which include anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, anti-helmintic, anti-cancerous, anti-venom, and neuro-protective activity. The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical, antimicrobial and anti-oxidant activity of Acalypha indica leaves extracts in different solvent extractions like methanol, hexane, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether. Fresh leaves of the plant were collected and shade dried. Dried leaves were milled to obtain powder. Powder was subjected to soxhlet extraction using solvents and extracts were successively obtained. Phytochemical analysis was conducted following standard methods. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of Alkaloids, Phenols, Saponins, Flavanoids and Amino acids. Leaf extract of methonal have shown the highest anti-oxidation capacity than hexane, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether. Anti-microbial activity has been performed on microbes like Bacillus sps, E.coli, Psuedomonas sps and Streptococcus sps. A highest value of zone of inhibition was found in methanol extract against E.coli. These results provide evidence that Acalypha indica leaf extract possesses vital phytochemicals, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Hence this plant can be studied further for drug analysis for finding potent medicines for diseases.

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