Nonpharmacologic Interventions to Prevent Pressure Ulcers in Older Patients: An Overview of Systematic Reviews (The Software ENgine for the Assessment and optimization of drug and non-drug Therapy in Older peRsons [SENATOR] Definition of Optimal Evidence-Based Non-drug Therapies in Older People [ONTOP] Series)

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 370.e1-370.e10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Lozano-Montoya ◽  
Manuel Vélez-Díaz-Pallarés ◽  
Iosief Abraha ◽  
Antonio Cherubini ◽  
Roy L. Soiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Older People ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews ◽  
Definition Of

Nonpharmacologic Interventions to Heal Pressure Ulcers in Older Patients: An Overview of Systematic Reviews (The SENATOR-ONTOP Series)

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Vélez-Díaz-Pallarés ◽  
Isabel Lozano-Montoya ◽  
Iosief Abraha ◽  
Antonio Cherubini ◽  
Roy L. Soiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews

Pharmacogenomics and Precision Psychiatry

2018 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Julia C. Stingl ◽  
Gonzalo Laje
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Molecular Medicine ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Future Work

Molecular medicine has opened new possibilities of personalized approaches in drug therapy. The development of evidence-based pharmacogenetic guidelines to steer therapy has slowly entered the field of psychiatric therapeutics. Some of the reasons behind the limited progress in psychiatric pharmacogenomics include the broad definition of clinical syndromes, limited knowledge of psychiatric pathophysiology, and limited understanding of psychotropics’ mechanisms of action. Pharmacogenomic markers have been reported for both pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic genes. However, only genetic variation in pharmacokinetic genes has shown to be helpful in clinical practice. There is little consensus as to when and if pharmacogenetic tests should be used in psychiatry. There are limited evidence-based dosing guidelines available for actionable gene–drug pairs. Future work in psychiatry may deepen our understanding of the biological underpinnings of psychiatric syndromes and provide the potential for individual tailored therapies.

Evidence-based management of nocturnal enuresis: An overview of systematic reviews

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 777-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews

scholarly journals Urban Living Environment and Mental Health of Older People: A Photovoice Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya Mysyuk ◽  
Guy Widdershoven ◽  
Martijn Huisman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Visual Tool ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Background Living environment has long been considered an important determinant of health. The aim of this study was to explore older people’s experiences with their living environment, their definition of, and their view on its possible impact on mental health and well-being.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in Amsterdam among 20 participants, 11 males and 9 females aged 55 to 70 years. We used photovoice as a visual tool to explore older persons’ unique experiences with, and perceptions of their living environment.ResultsOur findings show that social environment plays an important role in defining and shaping the living environment of older people. Older people’s living environment is a place where they feel safe and comfortable, have social contact with others, and stay active and involved.ConclusionPhotovoice was an effective method for documenting visual representation of salient aspects of older people’s living environment and capturing their experiences.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy of Older People Using Technology to Self-Manage COPD, Hypertension, Heart Failure, or Dementia at Home: An Overview of Systematic Reviews

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garuth Chalfont ◽  
Céu Mateus ◽  
Sandra Varey ◽  
Christine Milligan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older People ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Patient Activation ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background and Objectives Although telehealth research among the general population is voluminous, the quality of studies is low and results are mixed. Little is known specifically concerning older people and their self-efficacy to engage with and benefit from such technologies. This article reviews the evidence for which self-care telehealth technology supports the self-efficacy of older people with long-term conditions (LTCs) living at home. Research Design and Methods Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement (PRISMA) guidelines, this overview of systematic reviews focused on four LTCs and the concept of “self-efficacy.” Quality was appraised using R-AMSTAR and study evaluation was guided by the PRISMS taxonomy for reporting of self-management support. Heterogeneous data evidencing technology-enhanced self-efficacy were narratively synthesized. Results Five included articles contained 74 primary studies involving 9,004 participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, heart failure, or dementia. Evidence for self-care telehealth technology supporting the self-efficacy of older people with LTCs living at home was limited. Self-efficacy was rarely an outcome, also attrition and dropout rates and mediators of support or education. The pathway from telehealth to self-efficacy depended on telehealth modes and techniques promoting healthy lifestyles. Increased self-care and self-monitoring empowered self-efficacy, patient activation, or mastery. Discussion and Implications Future research needs to focus on the process by which the intervention works and the effects of mediating variables and mechanisms through which self-management is achieved. Self-efficacy, patient activation, and motivation are critical components to telehealth’s adoption by the patient and hence to the success of self-care in self-management of LTCs. Their invisibility as outcomes is a limitation.

scholarly journals What are the effects of teaching Evidence-Based Health Care (EBHC) at different levels of health professions education? An updated overview of systematic reviews

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254191
Author(s):  
Malgorzata M. Bala ◽  
Tina Poklepović Peričić ◽  
Joanna Zajac ◽  
Anke Rohwer ◽  
Jitka Klugarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews ◽  
Mixed Populations ◽  
Evidence Based Health Care ◽  
Different Levels

Background Evidence-based healthcare (EBHC) knowledge and skills are recognised as core competencies of healthcare professionals worldwide, and teaching EBHC has been widely recommended as an integral part of their training. The objective of this overview of systematic reviews (SR) was to update evidence and assess the effects of various approaches for teaching evidence-based health care (EBHC) at undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) medical education (ME) level on changes in knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviour. Methods and findings This is an update of an overview that was published in 2014. The process followed standard procedures specified for the previous version of the overview, with a modified search. Searches were conducted in Epistemonikos for SRs published from 1 January 2013 to 27 October 2020 with no language restrictions. We checked additional sources for ongoing and unpublished SRs. Eligibility criteria included: SRs which evaluated educational interventions for teaching EBHC compared to no intervention or a different strategy were eligible. Two reviewers independently selected SRs, extracted data and evaluated quality using standardised instrument (AMSTAR2). The effects of strategies to teach EBHC were synthesized using a narrative approach. Previously published version of this overview included 16 SR, while the updated search identified six additional SRs. We therefore included a total of 22 SRs (with a total of 141 primary studies) in this updated overview. The SRs evaluated different educational interventions of varying duration, frequency, and format to teach various components of EBHC at different levels of ME (UG, PG, mixed). Most SRs assessed a range of EBHC related outcomes using a variety of assessment tools. Two SRs included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) only, while 20 reviews included RCTs and various types of non-RCTs. Diversity of study designs and teaching activities as well as aggregated findings at the SR level prevented comparisons of the effects of different techniques. In general, knowledge was improved across all ME levels for interventions compared to no intervention or pre-test scores. Skills improved in UGs, but less so in PGs and were less consistent in mixed populations. There were positive changes in behaviour among UGs and PGs, but not in mixed populations, with no consistent improvement in attitudes in any of the studied groups. One SR showed improved patient outcomes (based on non-randomised studies). Main limitations included: poor quality and reporting of SRs, heterogeneity of interventions and outcome measures, and short-term follow up. Conclusions Teaching EBHC consistently improved EBHC knowledge and skills at all levels of ME and behaviour in UGs and PGs, but with no consistent improvement in attitudes towards EBHC, and little evidence of the long term influence on processes of care and patient outcomes. EBHC teaching and learning should be interactive, multifaceted, integrated into clinical practice, and should include assessments. Study registration The protocol for the original overview was developed and approved by Stellenbosch University Research Ethics Committee S12/10/262. Update of the overview Young T, Rohwer A, Volmink J, Clarke M. What are the effects of teaching evidence-based health care (EBHC)? Overview of systematic reviews. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e86706. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086706.

Evidence-based practices in geriatric mental health care: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J Bartels ◽  
Aricca R Dums ◽  
Thomas E Oxman ◽  
Lon S Schneider ◽  
Patricia A Areán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Geriatric Mental Health ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analyses
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