scholarly journals An institutional perspective on borrowing discouragement among female-owned enterprises and the role of regional female empowerment

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 106156
Author(s):  
Juanita Kimiyo Forrester ◽  
François Neville
Keyword(s):  
Female Empowerment ◽  
Institutional Perspective

The Kenya National Commission on Human Rights under the 2010 Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-226
Author(s):  
Bonolo Ramadi Dinokopila ◽  
Rhoda Igweta Murangiri
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
National Human ◽  
The Status ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights

This article examines the transformation of the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) and discusses the implications of such transformation on the promotion and protection of human rights in Kenya. The article is an exposition of the powers of the Commission and their importance to the realisation of the Bill of Rights under the 2010 Kenyan Constitution. This is done from a normative and institutional perspective with particular emphasis on the extent to which the UN Principles Relating to the Status of National Institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the Paris Principles, 1993) have been complied with. The article highlights the role of national human rights commissions in transformative and/or transitional justice in post-conflict Kenya. It also explores the possible complementary relationship(s) between the KNCHR and other Article 59 Commissions for the better enforcement of the bill of rights.

Adding the entrepreneurial orientation among the theoretical perspectives to analyse the development of research-based spin-offs

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Verbano ◽  
Maria Crema ◽  
Veronica Scuotto
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Parent Organization ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Founding Team ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

To date, research-based spin-offs (RBSOs) have been studied from an institutional perspective, from an entrepreneurial orientation (EO) or from a resource-based view. Although scholars have expressed an interest in studying RBSOs, nobody has incorporated the three different perspectives into a single integrated model. Therefore, the present article aims to develop a holistic theoretical framework, studying the human, financial, technological and social resources of an RBSO and highlighting whether the EO influences an RBSO during its generation and development phases. A case study from the information and communication technology sector was selected, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire complemented with in-depth and on-site interviews. The holistic framework adopted allowed to highlight the peculiarities of the RBSO: the marked vocation for scientific research, the EO of the founding team and the important role of the parent organization, mostly in supplying intangible assets. The emerged evidence shows how it is possible to generate and develop a successful RBSO, providing useful insights from both academic and managerial viewpoints.

The Eastern Nile River Waterscape: The Role of Power in Policy-making and Shaping National Narratives

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-161
Author(s):  
Lylia Khennache ◽  
Jan Adamowski ◽  
Nicolas Kosoy
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
National Narratives ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Analysis Application ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

This article examines the role of power interchanges in hindering collaborative efforts over shared water resources in the Eastern Nile River. We track the formative process of riparian countries’ narratives, showing how they problematize the watershed differently in accordance with the typology of power dimensions laid out under a proposed framework calledPower on Water to Water Policy(pwwp). The framework presented attempts to give: (i) a power analysis of the riparian countries’ interactions, and (ii) a prescription of intervention avenues for river basin governance. The use of scientific literature and interviews triangulate data collection to ensure a more accurate analysis. Application of thepwwpframework is shown to contribute an original perspective to watershed management, enabling first, a comprehensive understanding of the Eastern Nile River situation from a power and institutional perspective and second, the identification of elements disrupting effective implementation of water resources management in the watershed.

scholarly journals Antagonism, Absurdity, and the Avant-Garde: Dismantling Soviet Oppression through the Use of Theatrical Devices by Poland's “Orange” Solidarity Movement

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (S15) ◽  
pp. 133-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisiunia A. Romanienko
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Special Interests ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Culturally Specific ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Social ◽  
Oppositional Consciousness

Since the birth of Solidarity twenty-five years ago, scholars have examined this unique Polish apparatus of defiance from nearly every institutional perspective known to the social sciences. Yet very little attention has been paid to the role of the human agency that gave rise to this powerful force of national resistance. Even less attention has been devoted to the influence of emotion, and of laughter in particular, in mobilizing this unprecedented scale of subversive activities against the Soviet empire. By deploying discursive devices offered through avant-garde performance, Solidarity's regional art student faction known as the “Orange Alternative” helped to dismantle Soviet aggression by unifying Poles under the rubric of culturally specific nostalgic humour. Low state capacity, recognition claims for optimizing human potential, and other microdynamics of oppositional consciousness are some of the factors discussed which enabled humour to strengthen the movement and prevent exogenous special interests from altering its objectives.

Understanding Climate Mitigation Responses in the United States and China from Strategic and Institutional Perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 1450015
Author(s):  
Xingshu ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Climate Responses

The United States and China have common but differentiated climate mitigation responses. Most studies so far have sought to explain this divergence with a focus on energy resources, technology, economic, or social factors. These studies ignore the role of strategy and institutions, and thus appear incomplete. In this paper, the author investigates the climate mitigation responses of the United States and China from a strategic and institutional perspective, explores how their climate responses are shaped, and identifies possible weaknesses hidden in their climate approaches. The paper finds that the United States and China have distinct national climate positions due to their diverse strategies and institutions. However, they have chosen similar policy tools and have achieved fairly comparable emission reductions thus far. In the long run, the effectiveness and efficiency of the low-carbon transformation will possibly be hindered by weaker policy innovation capability at sub-national levels in China and the operationally volatile energy strategy in the United States.

scholarly journals The Primacy of Institutional Explanation of Chinese Outward FDI: Is It Understated or Overstated?

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Cui
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Institutional Effects ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Strategic Behaviors

An institutional perspective has been increasingly adopted in recent studies to explain various aspects of internationalization activities of firms from emerging economies (Meyer & Peng, 2016; Peng, Wang, & Jiang, 2008), particularly China (Cui & Jiang, 2012; Morck, Yeung, & Zhao, 2008). Scholars often claim that the role of institutions in emerging economy firms’ internationalization is understated, hence more research is needed. In this commentary, which reflects on the intended contributions and theoretical and empirical issues of Buckley, Yu, Liu, Munjal, and Tao (2016), I aim to extend a discussion on whether and when such institutional explanations can be overstated. I focus on three issues: (1) conceptualization of institutions, (2) theorizing institutional effects, and (3) testing institutional effects. On each of these issues, I start by providing an overview of some common challenges in the literature. I then focus specifically on the paper as an illustration of how some of these challenges may be manifested. This is then followed by some recommendations for future research. Overall, I argue that pitfalls related to the conceptualization, theorizing and testing of institutional effects can lead researchers to overstate the institutional effects on firm strategic behaviors. These pitfalls can be avoided if researchers clarify the theoretical boundary of the institutional argument they adopt, properly model the institutional effects while taking into consideration other theoretically relevant constructs and mechanisms, and employ empirical design to overcome measurement errors and selection biases when testing not only the statistical significance, but also substantive (economic) significance of institutional effects.

scholarly journals The role of culture on the adoption of International Standards on Auditing in the developing countries: An institutional perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-171
Author(s):  
Ahmed Eltweri ◽  
Alessio Faccia ◽  
Luigi Pio Leonardo Cavaliere
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Cultural Factor ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Institutional Isomorphism ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Key Stakeholders

This paper examines the role played by the culture on the adoption of the International Standards on Auditing (referred to as ISA henceforth) that intends to stimulate establishing an efficient auditing regime in Libyan auditing practice. The current research conducted interviews with 43 participants across five Libyan key stakeholders in the auditing environment. The methodology employed was in line with the relevant literature and it serves to achieve the aims and to answer the questions of this study (Ménacère, 2016). Institutional isomorphism produces a greater impact on Libya accounting and auditing practices (Phillips & Jiao, 2016). Therefore, this study examines that the cultural factor systematically and consistently assesses the level of ISA adoption, commitment, and associated harmonisation. Given the growing interest in harmonising the auditing practice, not only by scholars but also by policy and decision-makers, this study is aimed at contributing to improve and develop an under-researched topic in Africa, by expanding the literature on the importance of harmonising auditing practices. It also provides fresh insights into auditing practices in a politically unstable country. Awareness is also raised about other relevant drivers of adopting ISA.

scholarly journals Defeating Patriarchy on Its Own Terms: The Paradox of Female Chastity in Krittivasa’s Ramayana

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Saumitra Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
Female Empowerment ◽  
Epic Hero ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
Spiritual Energy ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One ◽  
Sanskrit Epic

<em>This essay attempts to analyze the role of women in the Bengali Ramayana of Krittivasa, a regional version of the original Sanskrit epic composed by Valmiki. It does so from the perspective of the strict code of female chastity enshrined in a patriarchal society and enforced upon its women by their male guardians within and beyond the home. While on the one hand, it is an instrument of female subjugation, this essay make an attempt to analyze how the strict observance of this code by the women in the epic, makes it a weapon of female empowerment across the different strata of society through which the text operates. The powerful spiritual energy generated in the process by these women can threaten even the most powerful of patriarchs including the epic hero Rama himself.</em>

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