Alternative sources of red dyes with high stability and antimicrobial properties: towards an ecological and sustainable approach for five plant species from Madagascar

2021 ◽  
pp. 126979
Author(s):  
Mahery Andriamanantena ◽  
Fanjaniaina Fawbush Razafimbelo ◽  
Béatrice Raonizafinimanana ◽  
Dominique Cardon ◽  
Pascal Danthu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Alternative Sources

scholarly journals Occurrence of Citropsis articulata in Tropical Forests in Uganda: Implication for Ex Situ Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Rapheal Wangalwa ◽  
Eunice Apio Olet ◽  
Grace Kagoro-Rugunda ◽  
Casim Umba Tolo ◽  
Patrick E. Ogwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Kibale National Park ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Alternative Sources

Citropsis articulata is a medicinal plant that is increasingly threatened by unsustainable methods of harvesting and habitat degradation. Owing to the fact that this plant species is highly utilized for herbal medicine and is currently restricted to a few forest reserves in Uganda, this has significant implications for ex situ conservation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess how physiographical factors influence the occurrence and distribution of C. articulata in the three forest reserves in Uganda, namely, Budongo, Mabira, and Kibale National Park. The study was carried out in 15 compartmental sites in each of the three forests. In each compartmental site, 4 plots of 60 m × 60 m were systematically established, and within each plot, 4 subplots each of size 20 m × 20 m were randomly setup. A total of 240 subplots were assessed for occurrence of Citropsis articulata in each forest. The results indicated a significant ( p < 0.05 ) variation in the density of C. articulata with the highest recorded in Kibale National Park. Citropsis articulata generally occurred at moderate altitudinal landscapes (overall elevation = 1200.0 ± 20.73 m) with soils that are moderately acidic (overall pH = 5.7 ± 0.10), low in salinity (overall salinity = 84.0 ± 3.84 mg/l), and moderate levels of macro- and micronutrients. Citropsis articulata was generally associated with plant communities dominated by canopy tree species of genera such as Chryosphyllum, Celtis, Markhamia, Cynometra, Lasiodiscus, Trilepisium, Funtumia, and Diospyros, thus suggesting that C. articulata is a shade-tolerant species. Establishing the ecological requirements of this plant species among other things informs the potential for ex situ production of this plant. This will not only provide alternative sources of plant harvest but also go a long way in relieving the current harvest pressures exerted on the conserved wild populations of this plant species.

scholarly journals FROM CHITIN TO CHITOSAN – A POTENTIAL NATURAL ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Zofia Nuc ◽  
◽  
Aldona Dobrzycka-Krahel
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Natural Antimicrobial ◽  
Current State ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Many Sources

Chitin is a naturally occurring polymer. Together with its derivatives such as chitosan, it has a wide spectrum of application possibilities, and many properties not yet exploited. Chitosan possesses many features desirable in an ideal antimicrobial polymer. It shows activity against multidrug-resistant bacterial and fungal strains that pose a challenge to modern medicine. Chitosan also shows activity against certain viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It might be used as a drug or a vaccine delivery system, is biodegradable, bioavailable and considered safe for medical use. It is important to continue exploring the potential of chitosan, as well as to investigate its sources. Indeed, many sources of this polymer are still not or have been poorly described. In this paper, we compile the current state of knowledge on the antimicrobial properties of chitosan, list alternative sources of chitin to highlight the potential of these two polymers and encourage further research.

An investigation into antimicrobial properties of protein extractions from native fungal and plant species

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. e30-e31
Author(s):  
J.R. Rao ◽  
David Nelson ◽  
Graham McCollum ◽  
Michael Hearst
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties

scholarly journals Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oils from Four Wild Taxa of Lamiaceae Family Growing in Apulia

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1431
Author(s):  
Francesca Valerio ◽  
Giuseppe N. Mezzapesa ◽  
Ahmed Ghannouchi ◽  
Donato Mondelli ◽  
Antonio F. Logrieco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Spore Forming Bacteria ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Satureja Montana

Four taxa of the Lamiaceae family growing in Apulia (Clinopodium suaveolens, Satureja montana subsp. montana, Thymbra capitata, and Salvia fruticosa subsp. thomasii) that had not been previously studied for their potential use in the food sector, were analyzed for their essential oils (EOs) composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against some microorganisms, isolated from bread and bakery products, including molds (Aspergillus niger, Penicillium roqueforti) and spore-forming bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis). Two different sites were considered for each plant species, and the strongest antimicrobial EOs, which were active against all of the microorganisms tested, were those from one S. montana subsp. montana sample (Sm2) and both T. capitata EOs (Tc1 and Tc2) with Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values ranging between 0.093% and 0.375% (v/v) against molds, while higher values were registered for bacteria (0.75–1%). In particular, the biological activity of EOs from T. capitata and S. montana subsp. montana was maybe due to the high amount of thymol and carvacrol, which were also responsible for the highest antioxidant activity. S. fruticosa subsp. thomasii EOs had different chemical profiles but showed only a slight antibacterial effect and no antifungal activity. C. suaveolens showed no significant changes between EOs with an interesting antifungal activity (MIC 0.093%÷0.187% v/v), which may be due to the presence of pulegone. These plant species can be considered as promising sources of bioactive compounds to be exploited as biopreservatives in bread and bakery products mainly considering the low concentration needed to inhibit microorganism’s growth.

scholarly journals Analysis of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Different Plant Species Growing in Shar Mountains

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Gulnur Arabaci ◽  
Busra Tosun ◽  
Cengiz Cesko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties

scholarly journals Current Trends of Bioactive Peptides—New Sources and Therapeutic Effect

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Jakubczyk ◽  
Monika Karaś ◽  
Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk ◽  
Ewelina Zielińska ◽  
Damian Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Peptides ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Biologically Active Peptides ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Different Sources

Generally, bioactive peptides are natural compounds of food or part of protein that are inactive in the precursor molecule. However, they may be active after hydrolysis and can be transported to the active site. Biologically active peptides can also be synthesized chemically and characterized. Peptides have many properties, including antihypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, and chelating effects. They are also responsible for the taste of food or for the inhibition of enzymes involved in the development of diseases. The scientific literature has described many peptides with bioactive properties obtained from different sources. Information about the structure, origin, and properties of peptides can also be found in many databases. This review will describe peptides inhibiting the development of current diseases, peptides with antimicrobial properties, and new alternative sources of peptides based on the current knowledge and documentation of their bioactivity. All these issues are part of modern research on peptides and their use in current health or technological problems in food production.

scholarly journals DNA barcoding to identify leaf preference of leafcutting bees

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 150623 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Scott MacIvor
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Significant Preference ◽  
Native Bee ◽  
Cut Leaves ◽  
Leaf Species

Leafcutting bees ( Megachile : Megachilidae) cut leaves from various trees, shrubs, wildflowers and grasses to partition and encase brood cells in hollow plant stems, decaying logs or in the ground. The identification of preferred plant species via morphological characters of the leaf fragments is challenging and direct observation of bees cutting leaves from certain plant species are difficult. As such, data are poor on leaf preference of leafcutting bees. In this study, I use DNA barcoding of the rcbL and ITS2 regions to identify and compare leaf preference of three Megachile bee species widespread in Toronto, Canada. Nests were opened and one leaf piece from one cell per nest of the native M. pugnata Say ( N =45 leaf pieces), and the introduced M. rotundata Fabricius ( N =64) and M. centuncularis (L.) ( N =65) were analysed. From 174 individual DNA sequences, 54 plant species were identified. Preference by M. rotundata was most diverse (36 leaf species, H ′=3.08, phylogenetic diversity ( pd )=2.97), followed by M. centuncularis (23 species, H ′=2.38, pd =1.51) then M. pugnata (18 species, H ′=1.87, pd =1.22). Cluster analysis revealed significant overlap in leaf choice of M. rotundata and M. centuncularis . There was no significant preference for native leaves, and only M. centuncularis showed preference for leaves of woody plants over perennials. Interestingly, antimicrobial properties were present in all but six plants collected; all these were exotic plants and none were collected by the native bee, M. pugnata . These missing details in interpreting what bees need offers valuable information for conservation by accounting for necessary (and potentially limiting) nesting materials.

scholarly journals Review of Antimicrobial Studies of Ethnomedicinal Plants Used in Skin Treatment by Korkus of Melghat Dist. Amravati (MS), India.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
V D Devarkar ◽  
P Y Bhogaonkar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plant ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Available Information

Ethnobotanical investigations in Melghat revealed 180 ethnomedicinal plant species out of which 21 are used by Korkus for various skin related problems. These plants are also reviewed for their antimicrobial properties recorded in the literature. Out of 21 plants selected for study 20 species belong to Dicots and only 01 belongs to Monocot. While reviewing the literature it is observed that, Ten (10) species were exhaustively studied for their antibacterial and antifungal properties, Six (6) species have been studied for either antibacterial or antifungal properties, however five (5) species have not been analyzed for their antimicrobial properties. All the ethnomedicinal plants studied for their antimicrobial properties show significant antimicrobial activity which supports traditional treatment system. The paper deals with ethnomedicinal information along with available information on antimicrobial studies. 

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